Fluid Power Technology BTM2243

Fluid Power
Technology

TITLE
LAB REPORT 2
(DOUBLE ACTING RECIPROCATING PUMP)

BTM 2243
SUBJECT

FLUID POWER TECHNOLOGY

LECTURER DR. MOHAMAD FARID BIN MOHAMAD SHARIF

NAME ID SECTION
NAME IBRAHIM ADHAM BIN SUHAIMI TA 19012 01L
 Fluid Power Technology BTM2243
Fluid Power
Technology

1.0 OBJECTIVES

1.1 To test the performance of reciprocating pump

1.2 To construct a demonstration/testing facility consisting reciprocating pump
1.3 To study the constructional details and performance parameters of Reciprocating
Pump

2.0 INTRODUCTION

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by

mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the
method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.
Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume
energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many
energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power,
come in many sizes. From microscopic for use in medical applications to large
industrial pumps.

Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from
wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-
cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for
operating cooling towers.

Typical reciprocating pumps are

 Plunger pumps
 Diaphragm pumps
 Piston pumps

Plunger pumps consists of a cylinder with a reciprocating plunger in it. In the head of
the cylinder the suction and discharge valves are mounted. In the suction stroke the
plunger retracts and the suction valves opens causing suction of fluid into the
cylinder. In the forward stroke the plunger pushes the liquid out the discharge calve.

In a diaphragm pump the plunger pressurizes hydraulic oil which is used to flex a
diaphragm in the pumping cylinder. Diaphragm pumps are used to pump hazardous
and toxic fluids.

Piston pumps, in this type of reciprocating pump piston moves and pressurizes the
fluid by using one or more reciprocating pistons. It is typically driven by an electric
motor through crankshaft and connecting rod.

3.0 EQUIPMENT & MATERIALS

 Reciprocating Pump Setup with motor

 Collecting tank
 Spring balance
 Pressure gauge
 Stopwatch
 Fluid Power Technology BTM2243
Fluid Power
Technology

4.0 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

1. Select the required diameter of pipe. Either 50mm, 40mm or 20mm.

2. Open the main inlet valve and change the knot of manometer from isolate position to
air-vent position to remove the air inside the pipe.
3. Click on the main inlet valve to allow the flow through it.
4. The main inlet valve is opened to allow water to flow through the selected diameter
pipe. Open the pipe valve, and change the knot of manometer from isolate position to
air-vent position to remove the air inside the pipe.
5. Click on the pipe inlet valve to allow the flow through it.
6. Next, click on manometer knot to change it from isolated position to air-vent position
to remove air bubbles and again, click to change it to read position.
7. Then, the manometer reading is noted down. Calculate the value of Head Loss.
8. Click on tank outlet valve to close it to measure the discharge. Water is now allowed
to flow through the selected venturi meter and this flow is made constant. At this flow
rate the difference in pressure between inlet and throat is measured.
9. Then, closed the exit valve of the collecting tank.
10. Calculate actual discharge, theoretical discharge and coefficient of discharge.
11. Repeat the sample procedure for other trials.

5.0 DATA & RESULTS

 Fluid Power Technology BTM2243
Fluid Power
Technology

6.0 DISCUSSION
6.1 Venture meters are used for flow measuring. How?

6.2 Why the divergent cone is longer than convergent cone in venturi meter?

6.3 Explain why the length of diverging cone is greater than converging cone in venturi
meter?

6.4 Compare the merits and demerits of venturi meter with orifice meter.

6.5 Why Cd value is high in venturi meter than orifice meter?

7.0 CONCLUSION

8.0 REFERENCES
Fluid Power Technology BTM2243
Fluid Power
Technology