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Prospectus Twenty-First Century Approaches To Social Problems
Prospectus Twenty-First Century Approaches To Social Problems
Market Analysis
The proposed text would fit well with a lower level survey course for general Arts and Sciences students or
as a “gateway” course into the Sociology major.
Primary Course: Social Problems/ Global Social Problems (Sociology)
Secondary markets: Introduction to Sociology (Sociology); Global Issues / Contemporary
Problems (Anthropology, Political Science), Economic Anthropology
(Anthropology), Social Change (Sociology), Global Issues/ Globalization
(Political Science)
Primary competitors:
Social Problems, 11/E ISBN‐10: 0205610366 | ISBN‐13:
Eitzen, Baca Zinn & Smith 9780205610365
©2009 Pearson
ISBN‐10: 0205547966 | ISBN‐13: Understanding Social Problems, 7th Edition
9780205547968 Mooney, Knox & Schacht
©2011 Cenage
Social Problems, 4/E ISBN‐10:049581296X | ISBN‐
Macionis 13:9780495812968
©2010 Pearson
ISBN‐10: 0205749003 | ISBN‐13: Social Problems and the Quality of Life, 11th
9780205749003 Edition
Lauer & Lauer
Social Problems: A Down‐to‐Earth Approach, ©2008 McGraw Hill
9/E ISBN‐13 9780073380124
Henslin & Fowler
©2010 Pearson Global Problems: The Search for Equity,
ISBN‐10: 0205649750 | ISBN‐13: Peace, and Sustainability, 2/E
9780205649754 Sernau
©2009 Pearson
Social Problems in a Diverse Society, 5/E ISBN‐10: 0205578845 | ISBN‐13:
Kendall 9780205578849
©2010 Pearson
Book Message: Domestic Issues are Global Problems
This prospectus is for an up‐to‐date and engaging Social Problems textbook that will attempt to reconcile
the divide between the social problems and global social problems texts on the market today. As we have
come to learn in recent years, all social problems in the twenty‐first century are global in nature. We live in
a global social web where local events have international consequences and macro‐structural forces affect
individual everyday experiences. For example, I live in North Carolina. In the past fifteen years major shifts
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in the global division of labor have led to the outsourcing of furniture and textile jobs to Mexico and China.
This in turn has led to unemployment, underemployment, and poverty among workers here. The
“deskilling” of the workforce has resulted in the movement of many into the retail and service industries
impacting the quality of their healthcare, the education of their children, and their overall life course
(NAFTA’s Impact on North Carolina). The downward pressure on earnings has reduced the overall income
and sales tax received by the state, and thus reduced services that the state is able to provide to its
residents. Yet, globalization has also reduced the cost of shipping bringing cheaper products to these
workers and introducing US products to new markets. Recent increases in sales of NC tobacco abroad (see
Big Opportunities in Tobacco) is an example of this phenomenon, but not without creating new social
problems such as a rise in cardiovascular disease in India (see India lost 9.2 million) and more than a
million deaths a year in China where there are 300 million smokers (see Chinese Smoking Deaths Seen
Doubling in 10 Years). Globalization has also led to the movement of people and the influx of newcomers,
many who came to NC from Mexico where their families were economically displaced by cheap corn as a
result of NAFTA (Displaced People: NAFTA's Most Important Product). The 400% increase in the Latino
population from 1990 to 2000 altered traditional black/white relations in NC and has created new issues of
ethnic inequalities and competition for housing, jobs, etc. (NC Latinos). NC policy makers wrestle with
decisions such as how to fund schools where 90% of the children come from families that do not speak
English and whether to grant driver’s licenses to undocumented migrants. These seemingly local social
issues are obviously global problems as well. This text will demonstrate the linkages between the micro
and macro as well as the local and the global.
The Complex and Interrelated Nature of Social Problems
The table of contents provided below covers the typical list of topics found in all of the Social Problems
texts: stratification, gender inequality, poverty, health and disease, demographics, urbanization,
race/ethnic conflicts, etc. The text will present these topics through case studies of recent domestic and
international events. There will be an emphasis on how complex these issues are, rather than presenting
them as two‐dimensional problems (x causes y) with simple policy solutions (just fix x). The text will
emphasize that these issues are highly correlated with one another. For example, the text might present a
demographic and economic analysis of global migration that has resulted in some people falling prey to
international Human Traffickers (thus showing the ties between global crime, demography, and
economics). A discussion of the US relations with authoritarian governments, would include an
examination of post‐colonial history, the power struggle for scarce resources (in this case natural gas), the
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long struggle of the Burmese democratic movements, and the internal ethnic conflicts of Myanmar that
are related to the military crackdown on the monks who led the “Saffron Revolution” of 2007 (see US
Campaign for Burma). In each chapter, relevant and current domestic and global examples will be provided
building on key Sociological concepts and theoretical perspectives presented in the previous chapters.
Since the publication will be released through Flat World Knowledge’s innovative online site, the text will
be regularly updated with the latest data and current examples as well as links to up‐to‐date online
materials.
Theoretical Approaches
Recent texts in the market seem to either ignore theory or present theory through artificial and outdated
comparisons between structural‐functional, conflict, and symbolic‐interactionist paradigms. Without
becoming bogged down in dense theoretical approaches, the text will integrate relevant Sociological
theoretical analysis drawing upon each of the seven theoretical perspectives of the study of social
problems: social pathology, social disorganization, values conflict, deviant behavior, labeling, critical, and
social constructivist (see Rubington and Weinberg 2010). As Rubington and Weinberg note, “each
perspective has its own notion of the definition, causes, conditions, consequences, and solutions of social
problems” (12). Some perspectives are more applicable to certain social problems than others. For
example, the deviant behavior approach is well suited to understanding problems of norm‐violation, while
the values conflict approach may be useful in discussing social movements. Thus, this text will employ the
most applicable theoretical perspectives to each problem, rather than forcing them into artificial
paradigms or omitting theoretical explanations.
Positioning
The proposed text will begin with a twenty‐first century perspective, the most up‐to‐date theoretical
approaches, current and relevant social issues and will employ a global lens throughout. There is a
disappointing lack of an international perspective in many of the recent Social Problems textbooks. Though
sociological research has become more global in scope in the past few decades, the texts we use in our
courses still seem to be American in focus. I would like to draw upon my experience living and working in
Latin America, Europe, and most recently Southeast Asia to provide a text that begins with the local,
North‐American experience, but integrates a global perspective throughout. Most textbooks in the market
have tried to overcome the global/local divide by including a “Global Glimpse” or “Cross‐Cultural
Perspectives” boxes in each chapter (see for example Henslin and Fowler; or Kendall). Other texts have
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tacked on a new section covering global problems separately (see Macionis; Mooney et al.; and Lauer and
Lauer). These efforts have been made piecemeal through new editions and modular updates to texts
written sometimes decades ago (for example Lauer’s first edition was in 1977). Similarly, textbooks that
are global in nature (see for example Mazur; Peterson et al.; Sernau, and Robbins) neglect many of the
more conventional Sociological topics covered in the general social problems textbooks. Moreover, the
examples they provide in these texts often lack relevancy to the typical American student who is in his/her
first or second year of college. They do not link the everyday lived experience of the reader to the
macro/global events that directly impact them. The one exception to the rule and closest competitor to
the proposed text seems to be Social Problems, 11/E (2009) by Eitzen, Baca Zinn, and Smith which does a
good job integrating problems that are global in scope with domestic US social issues. Yet again, this text is
limited to presenting explanations using only the conflict approach, omitting alternate explanations for the
world’s social problems.
Author Background
Dr. Stephen J. Sills is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
where he teaches research methods and global social problems.
In the past eleven years, Dr. Sills has conducted research on homelessness, immigration, poverty, fair
housing, access to health and social services, and social support networks for marginalized peoples. His
current scholarship includes research on the feminization of labor migration, transnational identity, and
immigrant access to social and health services in the United States. His recent projects have included
studies of transnational Mexican communities in the Southwest, health issues among Arab‐Americans,
social exclusion of Filipino guest workers in Taiwan, and tests of fair housing laws for immigrants in North
Carolina. In addition to his theoretical work, he has also authored peer‐reviewed journal articles and book
chapters on research methods and culturally sensitive evaluations.
While Director of Evaluation at the Center for Urban Studies at Wayne State University, Dr. Sills served as
an external evaluator for federal and state programs, local social service agencies, and educational
institutions. He is experienced in the development of research protocols for program evaluation,
community needs assessment, and demographic analysis. Dr. Sills draws upon various qualitative and
quantitative methods in his research and evaluations. He is also a Certified Cultural Competency
Consultant recognized by the Georgetown University Center for Cultural Competency.
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Dr. Sills is a former Middle and High School Spanish/ESL teacher who has lived in Spain, Costa Rica, and
Taiwan. He is a member of the American Sociological Association, the Society for the Study of Social
Problems, the International Visual Sociologists Association, the Southern Sociological Society, and the
North Carolina Sociological Association.
Dr. Sills holds a PhD in Sociology from Arizona State University with concentrations in Methods and
Globalization. Curriculum Vitae at: http://stephensills.wordpress.com/curriculum‐vitae/
TWENTY‐FIRST CENTURY APPROACHES TO SOCIAL PROBLEMS (WORKING TITLE)
Foreword
Introduction
Plan of the Book
Preface
Brief Table of Contents
PART I APPROACHING THE ISSUE: THE SOCIOLOGY OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 1 WHAT IS A SOCIAL PROBLEM?
CHAPTER 2 STUDYING SOCIAL PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 3 SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON THE STUDY OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS
PART II UNDERSTANDING THE BROADER CONTEXT: MACROSYSTEMIC ISSUES
CHAPTER 4 THE SOCIO‐ECONOMIC CONTEXT OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 5 INTERCONNECTEDNESS AND INTERDEPENDENCIES: THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
CHAPTER 6 THE POLITICAL CONTEXT OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 7 DEMOGRAPHIC FORCES
CHAPTER 8 EMIGRATION, IMMIGRATION AND GLOBAL MOVEMENTS OF PEOPLE
CHAPTER 9 THE RURAL ‐ URBAN DIVIDE
CHAPTER 10 PROBLEMS OF THE ECOSYSTEM
PART III SOCIAL INEQUALITIES OF ASCRIBED STATUSES
CHAPTER 11 YOUTH, AGING, AND THE LIFE COURSE
CHAPTER 12 SEX, GENDER AND SEXUALITY
CHAPTER 13 RACIAL AND ETHNIC MINORITIES
PART IV INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES: PROBLEMS AT HOME AND IN THE COMMUNITY
CHAPTER 14 FAMILY LIFE AND THE HOUSEHOLD
CHAPTER 15 SOCIALIZATION AND EDUCATION
CHAPTER 16 IDEOLOGICAL AND RELIGIOUS DIVIDES
CHAPTER 17 HEALTH, HEALTH POLICY, AND HEALTH SERVICES
CHAPTER 18 MASS MEDIA
PART V SOCIAL CONTROL AND ANTI‐NORMATIVE BEHAVIORS
CHAPTER 19 LAW AND SOCIETY
CHAPTER 20 ADDICTIONS, SUBSTANCE USE AND MISUSE
CHAPTER 21 VIOLENCE
PART VI SOCIAL SOLUTIONS TO SOCIAL PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 22 SOCIAL CHANGE AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
CHAPTER 23 HUMAN RIGHTS
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Table of Contents
Part I Approaching the Issue: the Sociology of Social Problems
Introduction to the Section
Chapter 1 What Is A Social Problem?
Chapter Outline & Overview Media's Role in Shaping Perception
Structure and Agency Politics of Problems
Social Issues vs. Personal Troubles Social Policy and Political Will
Social Causes of Social Problems Summary
The Social Context Discussion Questions
Societal Perception of Problems Key Terms
Changing Perceptions Further Reading
Cultural Differences Online Resources
Chapter 2 Studying Social Problems
Chapter Outline & Overview Program Evaluation
What Is Sociology? Public Sociology
The Sociological Imagination Summary
What Do Sociologists Do? Discussion Questions
Sociological Research Key Terms
Statistical Approaches to Data Gathering and Further Reading
Analysis Online Resources
Qualitative Approaches to Data Gathering and
Analysis
Applied Research
Chapter 3 Sociological Perspectives on the Study of Social Problems
Chapter Outline & Overview In the Eye of the Beholder: the Labeling
Society Is Ill: the Social Pathology Perspective Perspective
The Breakdown of Society: the Social Exploiting the Underclass: the Critical Perspective
Disorganization Perspective Combining Approaches
This Is Not How It Should Be: the Values Conflict Summary
Perspective Discussion Questions
Breaking the Rules: the Deviant Behavior Key Terms
Perspective Further Reading
Online Resources
Part II Understanding the Broader Context: Macrosystemic Issues
Introduction to the Section
Chapter 4 The Socio‐Economic Context of Social Problems
Chapter Outline & Overview The Working Poor
Social Stratification and Social Inequality Unemployment
Social Class vs. Social Caste Foreclosures
Meritocracy and Mobility: Ascribed vs. Achieved Homelessness
Statuses Taxes
Inequality Minimum Wage
The Income Gap Social Support and Welfare
Privilege Public Goods
The Superclass Welfare Reform
Greed and Consumerism Privatization vs. Nationalization of Services
Poverty and the Underclass Summary
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Discussion Questions Further Reading
Key Terms Online Resources
Chapter 5 Interconnectedness and Interdependencies: the World System
Chapter Outline & Overview The Global Supply Chain
Global Traders, Mercantilism, and Colonization The Deindustrialization of the Global North
The Rise of Capitalism The Race for the Bottom
Industrialization NAFTA
Imperialism Maquilas and Export Processing Zones
Revolutions and Post‐Colonial Ties Sweatshops
Neoimperialism and the "Myth" of Fair Trade
Underdevelopment Labor Unions
The Division of Labor Transnational Corporations (TNCs)
Alienation International Income Inequality
Comparative Advantage Development
Neo‐Liberalism and the Free Market Booms, Busts, Crashes, and the Global Recession
McDonaldization The Social Impact of Globalization
Bretton Woods and Beyond: the IMF, GATT, and Summary
the WTO Discussion Questions
Modern World Systems Key Terms
Structural Changes in Labor and Employment Further Reading
Outsourcing: the Global Division of Work Online Resources
Chapter 6 The Political Context of Social Problems
Chapter Outline & Overview Rouge States
Political Systems Failed States
Anarchy Geo‐Political Organizations of the World
Monarchy Post‐Colonial Relations
Colonialism The North‐South Divide
The Rise of the Nation‐State The USA ‐ Hegemonic Power
Republics The Global Digital Divide
Nationalism The United Nations
Democracy Governmental and Non‐Governmental
Representative vs. Direct Democracy Organizations
Communism New World Order
The People's Republic of China Citizenship
Totalitarianism and Authoritarian Regimes The Myth of Democracy
The State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) Who Votes?
in Myanmar One Dollar, One Vote
Theocracies Voter Apathy
The Islamic Republic of Iran Summary
The Cold War Discussion Questions
The Arms Race Key Terms
“Tear Down this Wall” Further Reading
The Spread of Liberal Democracy Online Resources
Chapter 7 Demographic Forces
Chapter Outline & Overview Life Expectancy
The Demographic Equation Scarce Resources
Population Growth and Decline The Demographics of Poverty
Fertility Malthusian Catastrophes
Family Planning Population Projections
Mortality Population Control
Changing Demographics Emigration vs. Immigration
The Demographic Transition Population Politics
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Chapter 8 Emigration, Immigration and Global Movements of People
Chapter Outline & Overview Ethnic Enclaves
Who Migrates and Why? Immigration Reform
Early Movements Behavioral Assimilation
Push and Pull Mechanisms Structural Assimilation
Agriculture and Migration Melting Pot
Guest Worker Programs in Europe and America Anglo Conformity
Industrialization and Migration Multiculturalism and Cultural Pluralism
Geography of Migration Ethnocentrism
Chain Migration and Social Networks Exogamy
Displaced Persons: Refugees and Asylum Seekers Summary
Brain Drain Discussion Questions
Feminization of Migration Key Terms
Undocumented Migration Further Reading
Coyotes and Snakeheads Online Resources
Globalization and Migration
Chapter 9 The Rural ‐ Urban Divide
Central Place Theory Suburban Sprawl
Gemeinschaft Und Gesellschaft Automobiles
Urbanization Mass Transportation
Urban Decay Alternatives to Sprawl
The Rust Belt New Urbanism and Transitvillages
Brownfields Summary
Megacities Discussion Questions
Rural Problems Key Terms
Small Town Decline Further Reading
Slums, Ghettos, and Favelas Online Resources
Chapter 10 Problems of the Ecosystem
Chapter Outline & Overview Land Use
Environmental Degradation Natural Disasters
Environmental Hazards Hurricane Katrina, the Earthquake in Haiti, and the
Pollution Tsunami in Aceh
Superfund Sites The Search for Sustainability
Acid Rain Green Peace, the Green Cross International, and
Ozone Depletion other NGOs
Climate Change “Green Washing”
Resource Depletion Technological Answers to Environmental Issues
Water Use Alternative Energy
Peak Oil and the End of the Fossil Fuel Era The Bloom Box and Other Future Energy Sources
Mining Summary
Logging Discussion Questions
Loss of the Rain Forests Key Terms
Over Fishing Further Reading
Environmental Racism Online Resources
Part III Social Inequalities of Ascribed Statuses
Introduction to the Section
Chapter 11 Youth, Aging, and the Life Course
Chapter Outline & Overview Teenage Pregnancy
Childhood Juvenile Delinquency
Child Abuse Age and Aging
Youth Age Discrimination
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The Graying of the Global North Demographics of Death and Dying
Aging in OECD Countries Euthanasia
Retirement Summary
Social Security Discussion Questions
Poverty and the Elderly Key Terms
Caring for the Elderly Further Reading
Victimization of the Elderly Online Resources
Chapter 12 Sex, Gender and Sexuality
Chapter Outline & Overview Measuring the Global Gender Gap
Sex vs. Gender The Double Shift
Bem Sex Role inventory The Beijing Declaration and the Commission on
Sexual Harassment The Status of Women
Pornography Sexuality and Sexual Orientation
Prostitution Fluidity of Sexuality
The Global Sex Industry Klein Sexual Orientation Grid
Child Molestation Homosexuality and the Law
Rape Same‐Sex Marriage
Date Rape Parental Rights
Patriarchy Summary
Gender Stratification Discussion Questions
The Gendered Division of Labor Key Terms
Gender Discrimination Further Reading
The Wage Gap Online Resources
The Glass Ceiling and the Glass Escalator
Chapter 13 Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Chapter Outline & Overview Myth of the Model Minority
What Is Race? Racism
Race Is a Myth Hate Crimes
Race is Real in its Consequences Hate Speech
US Census Classifications Segregation
Ethnic Identity Residential Segregation
Nationality American Apartheid
Minority & Dominant Groups Fair Housing
Indigenous Peoples Internal Colonialism
The Continuum of Inter‐ethnic Relations Genocide
Stereotypes Summary
Prejudice Discussion Questions
Discrimination Key Terms
Institutional Discrimination Further Reading
Employment Discrimination Online Resources
Affirmative Action
Part IV Institutional Issues: Problems at Home and in the Community
Introduction to the Section
Chapter 14 Family Life and the Household
Chapter Outline & Overview Postponement of Marriage and Childbearing
Types of Families Polyamory and Polygamy
The Rise of the Nuclear Family Divorce
Extended Families Single Parents
Living Alone: Singledom Remarriage
Cohabitation Mixed and Blended Families
Marriage Parenting and Childcare
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Gay and Lesbian Families Discussion Questions
Patriarchal vs. Egalitarian Household Key Terms
The US FMLA vs. Family policy in Sweden Further Reading
The Family in the 21st Century Online Resources
Summary
Chapter 15 Socialization and Education
Chapter Outline & Overview Pedagogy of the Oppressed
Primary and Secondary Socialization Universal Primary Education
Institutions of Socialization Comparative Performance of Education in OECD
Educational Systems Nations
Manifest vs. Latent Function of Education Access to Higher Education
The Hidden Curriculum Summary
Tracking Discussion Questions
Human Capital Theory Key Terms
Dropping Out Further Reading
Literacy Online Resources
Chapter 16 Ideological and Religious Divides*
Chapter Outline & Overview Gender and Religion
Religious Diversity Religion and Social Movements
Islam Contentious Moral Issues
Judaism Abortion
Christianity Gay Marriage
Buddhism Bioethics
Hinduism Summary
Religious Conflict Discussion Questions
Religion and Politics Key Terms
Religious Persecution Further Reading
Globalization of ReligionFundamentalism Online Resources
Religion and War
Chapter 17 Health, Health Policy, and Health Services
Chapter Outline & Overview HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted infections
Disabilities The Sociology of Mental Health
421B
Americans with Disabilities Act Health insurance
Obesity Single Payer vs. Private Payer Systems
Fast Food Access to Healthcare
Diabetes Healthcare Reform
Mental Health The World Health Organization
Epidemics and Pandemics Summary
Bird Flu Discussion Questions
Malaria Key Terms
H1N1 Further Reading
Small Pox Online Resources
Chapter 18 Mass Media
34B
Chapter Outline & Overview The Internet
Free Speech Oligopolies, Conglomerates, & Groups: The
The Public Commons Concentration of Media Ownership
The Importance of Media News Corp.
Publishing and Print Media Press freedom
Benedict Anderson – Imagined Communities Media Censorship and State Control
Television Worldwide Press Freedom Index
Hollywood vs. Bollywood Cultural Imperialism
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Americanization Discussion Questions
Dumbing it Down Key Terms
New World Information Order Further Reading
Summary Online Resources
Part V Social Control and Anti‐Normative Behaviors
Introduction to the Section
Chapter 19 Law and Society
Chapter Outline & Overview Crime Statistics
Norms The FBI Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)
Deviance Interpol
Crime Justice
Conventional Crime Bias in the Criminal Justice System
Property Crimes Punishment Rationales
Public‐Order Offenses Incarceration
Organized Crime Three Strikes
Gangs Prisons around the World
Corporate Crime Prisoner Abuses
State Crimes Death Penalty
Global Criminal Activities Amnesty International
People smuggling and Human Trafficking Miscarriages of Justice
Environmental Crimes DNA Profiling
Crimes Against Children Living in the Panopticon: The Surveillance State
Maritime Piracy Summary
Firearms Discussion Questions
Intellectual property crime Key Terms
Cyber‐crime Further Reading
Counterfeit Currency Online Resource
Chapter 20 Substance Use and Misuse
Chapter Outline & Overview Legalization vs. Criminalization of Drugs
Alcohol International Drug Cartels and Drug Trafficking
Drunk Driving Effects of Illegal Drug Trade On Societies
MADD, SADD and Other Prevention Groups War on Drugs
Tobacco Legalization
Illicit and Illegal Drugs Gambling and Other Addictions
Marijuana Compulsive Overeating
Medical Marijuana Shopping addiction
Cocaine Computer addiction
Heroine and Other Opiates Pornography addiction
Methamphetamine Summary
Prescription Drugs Discussion Questions
Coca, Khat, Betel Nut, Peyote and Other Drugs Key Terms
Anabolic Steroids and Other "Performance Further Reading
Enhancers" Online Resources
Chapter 21 Violence
Chapter Outline & Overview Collective Violence
Interpersonal Violence Rebellions, Insurrections, Coups, and Civil
Assault Conflict
Homicide Terrorism
Small Arms 9/11
Weapons Trafficking The War on Terror
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Personal Freedoms vs. National Security The War in Iraq
Interstate Conflict and War PMCs: the Privatization of the Military
The Arms Race Search for A Durable Peace
Military Spending Summary
The Military Industrial Complex Discussion Questions
Weapons of Mass Destruction Key Terms
Conflict Resolution Further Reading
International Peacekeeping Online Resources
Conflicts in the Middle East
Part VI Social Solutions to Social Problems
Introduction to the Section
Chapter 22 Social Change and Social Movements
Chapter Outline & Overview LGBT Movements
Social Change Indigenous peoples Movement
Types of Social Movement Immigration Reform Movement
Social Movement Theories Anti‐Globalization & Alter‐Globalization
Dynamics of Social Movement Movements
Grass Roots: Social Change from the Bottom Up The Battle in Seattle
Women’s' Suffrage The Zapatistas (EZLN)
The Civil Rights Movement Summary
Feminist Movement Discussion Questions
Environmental Justice Movement Key Terms
Fair trade Movement Further Reading
Global Justice Movement Online Resources
Chapter 23 Universal Human Rights
Chapter Outline & Overview Non‐Governmental Organizations
Development of the Universal Declaration of Critique of Human Rights
Human Rights Universalism vs. Cultural Relativism
Human Rights Law Summary
Human Rights vs. National Sovereignty Discussion Questions
International Organizations Key Terms
The United Nations Further Reading
The Human Rights Council Online Resources
World Culture
Glossary
References
Photo Credits
Indices
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