CHAPTER 7.

ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

626. bèì~íáçå=çÑ=~=iáåÉ=dáîÉå=~=mçáåí=~åÇ=íÜÉ=dê~ÇáÉåí=
ó = ó M + â (ñ − ñ M ) I==
ïÜÉêÉ=â=áë=íÜÉ=Öê~ÇáÉåíI= m(ñ M I ó M ) =áë=~=éçáåí=çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉK=
=

=
=
Figure 101.
=
627. bèì~íáçå=çÑ=~=iáåÉ=qÜ~í=m~ëëÉë=qÜêçìÖÜ=qïç=mçáåíë=
ó − óN ñ − ñN
= ==
ó O − óN ñ O − ñN
çê=
ñ ó N
ñ N ó N N = M K=
ñO óO N
=

141
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

=
=
Figure 102.
=
628. fåíÉêÅÉéí=cçêã=
ñ ó
+ =N=
~ Ä
=

=
=
Figure 103.
=
=

142
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

629. kçêã~ä=cçêã=
ñ Åçë β + ó ëáå β − é = M =
=

=
=
Figure 104.
=
630. mçáåí=aáêÉÅíáçå=cçêã=
ñ − ñ N ó − óN
= I==
u v
ïÜÉêÉ= (uI v ) = áë= íÜÉ= ÇáêÉÅíáçå= çÑ= íÜÉ= äáåÉ= ~åÇ= mN (ñ N I ó N ) = äáÉë=
çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉK=
=

143
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

=
=
Figure 105.
=
631. sÉêíáÅ~ä=iáåÉ=
ñ =~=
=
632. eçêáòçåí~ä=iáåÉ=
ó=Ä=
=
633. sÉÅíçê=bèì~íáçå=çÑ=~=píê~áÖÜí=iáåÉ=
r r r
ê = ~ + íÄ I==
ïÜÉêÉ==
l=áë=íÜÉ=çêáÖáå=çÑ=íÜÉ=ÅççêÇáå~íÉëI=
u=áë=~åó=î~êá~ÄäÉ=éçáåí=çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉI==
r
~ =áë=íÜÉ=éçëáíáçå=îÉÅíçê=çÑ=~=âåçïå=éçáåí=^=çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉ=I=
r
Ä =áë=~=âåçïå=îÉÅíçê=çÑ=ÇáêÉÅíáçåI=é~ê~ääÉä=íç=íÜÉ=äáåÉI==
í=áë=~=é~ê~ãÉíÉêI==
r →
ê = lu =áë=íÜÉ=éçëáíáçå=îÉÅíçê=çÑ=~åó=éçáåí=u=çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉK==
=

144
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

=
=
Figure 106.
=
634. píê~áÖÜí=iáåÉ=áå=m~ê~ãÉíêáÅ=cçêã=
ñ = ~N + íÄN
 I==
ó = ~ O + íÄO
ïÜÉêÉ==
(ñ I ó ) ~êÉ=íÜÉ=ÅççêÇáå~íÉë=çÑ=~åó=ìåâåçïå=éçáåí=çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉI==
(~N I ~ O ) =~êÉ=íÜÉ=ÅççêÇáå~íÉë=çÑ=~=âåçïå=éçáåí=çå=íÜÉ=äáåÉI==
(ÄN I ÄO ) =~êÉ=íÜÉ=ÅççêÇáå~íÉë=çÑ=~=îÉÅíçê=é~ê~ääÉä=íç=íÜÉ=äáåÉI==
í=áë=~=é~ê~ãÉíÉêK=
=

145
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

=
Figure 107.
=
635. aáëí~åÅÉ=cêçã=~=mçáåí=qç=~=iáåÉ=
qÜÉ=Çáëí~åÅÉ=Ñêçã=íÜÉ=éçáåí= m(~ I Ä) =íç=íÜÉ=äáåÉ=
^ñ + _ó + ` = M =áë==
^~ + _Ä + `
Ç= K=
^ O + _O
=

=
=
Figure 108.

146
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

636. m~ê~ääÉä=iáåÉë=
qïç=äáåÉë= ó = â Nñ + ÄN =~åÇ= ó = â O ñ + ÄO =~êÉ=é~ê~ääÉä=áÑ==
â N = â O K=
qïç= äáåÉë= ^Nñ + _Nó + `N = M = ~åÇ= ^ O ñ + _O ó + ` O = M = ~êÉ=
é~ê~ääÉä=áÑ=
^N _N
= K=
^ O _O
=

=
=
Figure 109.
=
637. mÉêéÉåÇáÅìä~ê=iáåÉë=
qïç=äáåÉë= ó = â Nñ + ÄN =~åÇ= ó = â O ñ + ÄO =~êÉ=éÉêéÉåÇáÅìä~ê=áÑ==
N
â O = − =çêI=Éèìáî~äÉåíäóI= â Nâ O = −N K=
âN
qïç= äáåÉë= ^Nñ + _Nó + `N = M = ~åÇ= ^ O ñ + _ O ó + ` O = M = ~êÉ=
éÉêéÉåÇáÅìä~ê=áÑ=
^N^ O + _N_ O = M K=
=

147
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

=
=
Figure 110.
=
638. ^åÖäÉ=_ÉíïÉÉå=qïç=iáåÉë=
â − âN
í~å ϕ = O I==
N + â Nâ O
^N^ O + _N_ O
Åçë ϕ = K=
^NO + _NO ⋅ ^ OO + _ OO
=

148
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

=
=
Figure 111.
=
639. fåíÉêëÉÅíáçå=çÑ=qïç=iáåÉë=
fÑ=íïç=äáåÉë= ^Nñ + _Nó + `N = M =~åÇ= ^ O ñ + _ O ó + ` O = M =áåíÉê-
ëÉÅíI=íÜÉ=áåíÉêëÉÅíáçå=éçáåí=Ü~ë=ÅççêÇáå~íÉë=
− `N_ O + ` O_N − ^N` O + ^ O`N
ñM = I= ó M = K=
^N_ O − ^ O_N ^N_ O − ^ O_N
=
=
=
7.4 Circle
=
o~ÇáìëW=o=
`ÉåíÉê=çÑ=ÅáêÅäÉW= (~ I Ä) =
mçáåí=ÅççêÇáå~íÉëW=ñI=óI= ñ N I= ó N I=£=
oÉ~ä=åìãÄÉêëW=^I=_I=`I=aI=bI=cI=í=

149
 CHAPTER 7. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

640. bèì~íáçå=çÑ=~=`áêÅäÉ=`ÉåíÉêÉÇ=~í=íÜÉ=lêáÖáå=Epí~åÇ~êÇ=
cçêãF=
ñ O + ó O = oO =

====== =
=
Figure 112.
=
641. bèì~íáçå=çÑ=~=`áêÅäÉ=`ÉåíÉêÉÇ=~í=^åó=mçáåí= (~I Ä)
(ñ − ~ )O + (ó − Ä)O = o O

Figure 113.

150