Meeting 14 Dr. Yohannes Telaumbanua, S.Hum., M.

Pd

17-18 December 2020

Topic: Adjective Clauses (Relative Clauses)

Does anyone understand the sentence that grandfather used it? Why did he use it? Study it

carefully!

Write your answer here!

What do you think of these sentences?
Definition

Language Notes:

1. The following words mark the beginning of an adjective clause: who, whom, that,
which, whose, where, when.
2. Sometimes an adjective clause begins with no marker. I received a birthday present I
didn’t like.
3. Some adjective clauses are set apart from the rest of the sentence by commas. John
Donahoe saved eBay, which was declining.
4. An adjective clause can follow any noun in a sentence. The company hired Meg
Whitman, who knew a lot about business. Meg Whitman, who left the company to go
into politics, helped make eBay a success.

Relative Pronoun as Subject

Relative Pronoun as Object

Relative Pronoun as Object of Preposition

Place and Time in Adjective Clauses
Whose in Adjective Clauses

Adjective Clauses after Indefinite Pronouns

Compare this to a restrictive clause
Descriptive Phrases

What's the difference between that and which?

Which and that are interchangeable, provided we are talking about which without a comma.

When which starts a restrictive clause (i.e., a clause not offset with commas), you can replace

it with that. In fact, Americans will insist you use that instead of which for a restrictive clause.

 Mark's dog which ate the chicken is looking guilty. (but in America or at least widely

disliked)

(Americans baulk at which without a comma. They insist on that.)

 Mark's dog that ate the chicken is looking guilty.

(This version is acceptable for all. It will stop you getting hate mail from Americans.)
Avoid writing a sentence fragment.

An adjective clause does not express a complete thought, so it cannot stand alone as a sentence.

To avoid writing a fragment, you must connect each adjective clause to a main clause.

Read the examples below. Notice that the adjective clause follows the word that it describes.

 Diane felt manipulated by her beagle Santana, whose big,

brown eyes pleaded for another cookie .

 Chewing with her mouth open is one reason why Fred cannot

stand sitting across from his sister Melanie .

 Snarling and skidding on the smooth tile, Oreo and Skeeter,

Madison's two dogs, competed for the hardboiled egg that

bounced across the kitchen floor .

 Laughter erupted from Annamarie, who hiccupped for seven

hours afterward.

Punctuate an adjective clause correctly .

Punctuating adjective clauses can be tricky. For each sentence, you will have to decide if the

adjective clause is essential (restrictive) or nonessential (nonrestrictive) and then

use commas accordingly.

Essential clauses do not require commas. An adjective clause is essential when you need the
information it provides. Look at this example:

 The vegetables that people leave uneaten are often the most
nutritious.

Vegetables is nonspecific. To know which ones we are talking about, we must have the

information in the adjective clause. Thus, the adjective clause is essential and requires no
commas.
If, however, we eliminate vegetables and choose a more specific noun instead, the adjective

clause becomes nonessential and does require commas to separate it from the rest of the
sentence. Read this revision:

Broccoli, which people often leave uneaten , is very nutritious .

Summary
Exercise

Select the answer which best completes the sentence.

Listening Activities

Kindly take the time of yours to watch and carefully and attentively listen to the following

video’s links of Adjective Clauses and then write your own summary which gives you the

main points, not the details. These videos are extremely helpful to complete your understanding

of the basic concept of the Adjective Clauses. Here are the online links.

LA 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtejoJxuxRM
LA 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yd_BOav7TRE&t=72s
LA 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_B8BRYoJJ6M
LA 4: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1oOYN4H5zo
Online Resources
https://www.englishgrammar101.com/module-10/clauses/lesson-2/adjective-clauses
https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/adjectives/adjective-clause.html.
https://eltngl.com/assets/downloads/gic_pro0000000555/gic3_u7.pdf
http://www.pitt.edu/~atteberr/comp/0150/grammar/adjclauses.html
https://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/adjective_clauses.htm
https://www.chompchomp.com/terms/adjectiveclause.htm
https://www.english-grammar-revolution.com/adjective-clauses.html
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/adjective-clause.html
https://www.grammar-quizzes.com/adjclausequiz.html