suffixes that A suffix is an ending that is added to a root word. There are several form nouns. Some of them indicate people or concrete objects or things. and icate more abstract nouns. The Oxford Advanced American Dictionary ch has a list of suffixes with their meanings and uses xes will help you build your vocabulary by ers of Englis. Understanding the 1 g of su giving you clues to the meaning and function of new words. Noun suffixes | Suffix meaning Examples an action or process, or the result. conservation, production ation /-tion of it -er/-oF a person or thing that manufacturer, editor ist a person who does or believes in ecotourist something -ty/-ity the quality or state of biodiversity, clarity -ment the action or result of agreement APPLY Complete the chart with the correct form of each noun by using the most appropriate suffix from the skill box. Use your dictionary to help you. i READING 2 Scanned with CamScannerform o B. APPL d the paragraph write the correct noun form of each ord, . Al -Y Read the > complete the sentence. é slaround the world. Many countries have al ue ut reeycling that encourage Waste disposal is a big iss abo cpuigins rnin a (manufacture) created new __ (retail) and ———s ips waste materials from being aste, This recycling keel (incinerate) or dt ) ofa large amount of garbage helps protec ih ____ (eliminate! _ (pure) of nearby lakes and rivers, to recycle their wi jumped into landfills. The burned in___ Ss environment and the __z ——— ‘manufacturing companies have now started working Many of these retail and (environmental) to think of more with people such as 7 ways to lower the amount of waste they produce. Also, into recycling companies. With the increase in invest) are putting their money: ____ inves) environmental awareness around the world, their 3 are starting to make a profit. As greater numbers of. 7 (corporate) become aware of the importance of recycling, recycling programs are sure to become more popular. iQUPRACTICE] Go online for more practice with suffixes. Practice > Unit 6 > Activity 8 Scanned with CamScannerAt the end of this unit, you will write a business plan. This business plan will i information from the readings, the unit video, and your own ideas. include Paraphrasing Paraphrasing means putting someone else’s words into your own words. A good paraphrase keeps the same meaning and is about the same length as the original text. Paraphrasing is a useful skill for both studying and integrating other people's ideas into your writing. However, it is important to cite the sources for other people’s ideas that you use in your writing, even when you are paraphrasing. Here are some tips for effective paraphrasing. * Read over the text you want to paraphrase several times in order to completely understand it. + Take notes in your own words. * Find good synonyms for some of the key vocabulary in the text. [ Around 50 people attended the first gathering. Approximately 50 people went to the first meeting. + Write the paraphrase using your own notes without looking at the original. + Change the grammatical structure of your paraphrase by: Changing the order of the clauses Since its independence from Malay: L ‘Singapore has become wealthy since its independence from Malaysia. Singapore has become wealthy. Changing to active or passive voice Martine Postma established the first repair cafe in Amsterdam in 2009. The first repair cafe was established by Martine Postma in 2009. Changing the word forms Pulau Semakau is quite a success. Pulau Semakau is quite successful. Check your paraphrases against the original texts to make sure that they are similar in content, but different in terms of vocabulary and grammar. Scanned with CamScannerTIP FOR SUCCESS When paraphrasing someone else's words or ideas in your writing, you should always reference the source, or tell the reader where the ideas came from, This will help you avoid plagiarism. os cording to the instructions. (Read each . nce ace ‘A. RESTATE Rewrite each sente rerstand the meaning) sentence carefully in order to fully un «words. Change the order of the clauses, 1. Find synonyms for the unde Despite recent efforts by people like Repair PDX volunteers, repair culture : ; cnosable mentalit ke, 2014), stands counter to the dominant, disposable mentality (Coo e, 2014). . Change from the active to the 2. Find synonyms for the underlined word : to the end of passive voice, Move the prepositional phrase “in the Future” the paraphrased sentence. In the future, ecotourists will visit arranged guided tours (Bland, 2007). 3. Find a synonym for the underlined word. Change from active to passive voice, Move the final clause to the beginning of the sentence. Think of a different way of stating “according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.” ‘The average American throws away 4.4 pounds of trash per day, compared to 2.68 pounds in 1960, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Cooke, 2014). the island of Pulau Semakau on specially RESTATE Paraphrase each pair of sentences. Begin by reading the sentences carefully and taking notes. Then write the paraphrase without looking at the original, Use a variety of techniques as appropriate. 1. All the trash from Singapore's 4.4 million residents is dumped on an artificial ind. This island could become one of Singapore's main tourist attractions in the near future (Bland, 2007). According to Bland, Singapore dumps the garbage from its 44 million citizens on an artificial island. In the near future, this island could become one of Singapore's main tourist spots. 2. Singapore burns more than 90 percent of its garbage for reasons of space. Singapore will need to recycle more of its garbage to lower carbon emissions in the atmosphere (Bland, 2007). 3. Along with his broken toaster, Steve Vegdahl brought a slice of bread with him to Portland's repair cafe one day last month, By the time he left, his toaster was working again—and the sweet smell of toasted wheat permeated the room (Cooke, 2014). 4, While repairing rather than replacing may have become a rebellious action over the last few decades, Jacobson sees room for the concept to grow. From coffee grinders to speakers to lawnmowers to furniture, Repair PDX alone has endowed a multitude of objects with new life (Cooke, 2014). References Bland, E2007, April 11). Garbage of Eden, New Scientist. Cooke (2014 Januaty 10 The glorious feting of fxing something a hutpu/wwwntheatlanticcom yourselt | 180 UNIT6 How can we turn trash into treasure? Scanned with camscann@#