Best Practices of MRT Development

in Tokyo and Jakarta

Tomoyuki Kawabata
JICA Indonesia Office

5th November 2019, Jakarta

Main Themes of This Presentation

1. Importance of “Demand-wise” Transportation

Planning and Development

2. Importance of Integrational Development of

Railways and City
>> “TOD” (Transit Oriented Development)

3. Indonesia – Japan Cooperation and

Technological Transfer through MRT
Development
1. MRT Development in Tokyo

Population: 9.3 mil

13 MRTs (304km)
3 LRTs (2 AGT, 1 Tram) 2
1. MRT Development in Tokyo

Brief History of MRT/LRT Development in Tokyo

1903: The Tokyo Horse-drawn Railway changed its motive power to
electricity and, under the name Tokyo Electric Railway (or Tōden)
commenced operations between Shinagawa and Shinbashi.

1927: Tokyo Underground Railway Co., Ltd. opened Japan's first

underground line of the subway Ginza Line on December 30, 1927.
between Ueno and Asakusa.

1954: The Marunouchi Line, the first subway line after World War II,
opened between Ikebukuro and Ochanomizu.

2004: Teito Rapid Transit Authority was privatized and renamed

Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd.

2008: The Fukutoshin Line opened. (= Newest MRT)

2008: The Nippori-Toneri Liner, an automated guideway transit

(AGT) opened between Nippori and Minumadai-shinsuikōen.
(= Newest LRT) 3
 1. MRT Development in Tokyo

Source: JUTPI2 4
 How about Other Cities in Japan ?

Osaka Sapporo Sendai

Population: 2.0 mil Population: 1.1 mil

Population: 2.7 mil
3 MRTs (48km) 2 MRTs (29km)
8 MRTs (130km)
1 LRT (Tram)
1 LRT (AGT)
Note: JR Lines (ex-national rail) and private
railway companies lines are NOT included
in the figures.
5
 How about Other Cities in Japan ?

Hiroshima Kumamoto Utsunomiya

Population: 0.5 mil

New LRT (Tram) with

Population: 0.7 mil 15km is under
2 LRTs (Tram) construction
Population: 1.2 mil (to be opened in 2022)
1 LRT (AGT)

(35km of private tram

network is in operation Note: JR Lines (ex-national rail) are NOT
since 1912) included in the figures.
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 Recommendation to BAPPENAS RPJMN 2020-2024

Source: RPJMN Background Study (2019) Mckinsey

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 Recommendation to BAPPENAS RPJMN 2020-2024

Source: RPJMN Background Study (2019) Mckinsey

8
 How to Improve Current Practice in Indonesia ?

Transport demand Masterplan Scenario Decision Implementatio

modeling development evaluation making n

▪ Survey for data ▪ Create ▪ Create digital ▪ Decision on ▪ Clearing up

Best- collection masterplan model where which public roles
practice ▪ Creating identifying scenarios can transportation responsibi-
potential different be tested and to develop lities, human
demand for transportation altered for (i.e., MRT, resource
current and modes for future LRT, BRT, capabilities,
future use different scenario tram) and project
corridor management

Focus group Decision Scenario Implementatio Masterplan

Current discussion making evaluation n development
practice
in ▪ Focus group ▪ Decision on ▪ Data ▪ Conducting ▪ Create
municip discussion with which public collection and pre-feasibility masterplan
al academic transportation model study and identifying
govern- experts to to develop development feasibility different
ment identify which based on to support study for the transportation
mode of experts’ FGD decision on construction modes for
transportation public of chosen different
works the best transportation public corridor
transportation

▪ Current practice shows that planning process of urban transportation is done differently from the best-
practice
▪ To ensure proper development and spending, GoI should consider in following the best-practice planning
process

Source: RPJMN Background Study (2019) Mckinsey 9

 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

TOD - Shallow-depth use

(Passage & Shopping Mall)

Tenjin (Fukuoka) Area Tokyo Metro

(constructed in 1970’s) Nagata-cho Station

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 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

TOD – Station and City

Development

Tsukuba Express
Kashiwanoha Campas
Tokyu Denen-Chofu Station
Station
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2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

TOD - Main Issues and Recommendations

1. Necessity of Intermodal Transfer Facility and

Traffic Impact Assessment
2. Reflection of TOD Master Plan into the Spatial
Plan for Appropriate Urban Development
Management
3. Guidance for Public Infrastructure Development
4. Organization and Finance

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 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

13
Source: JUTPI2
 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

14
Source: JUTPI2
 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

15
Source: JUTPI2
 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

16
Source: JUTPI2
 2. TOD in Tokyo and Japan

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Source: JUTPI2
 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Comparison of subway network

Tokyo Delhi Jakarta

Population: 11 mil Population: 8.9 mil

8 MRTs (373km) 1 MRT (16km)

Population: 9.3 mil

13 MRTs (304km)
3 LRTs (2 AGT, 1 Tram) 18
 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta
Registered
Registered Cars
Motorbikes Thousand Thousand
Thousand 37 mil 1425% 315%

27 mil

Source：Assumption United Nations, Department of Economic and Social

Affairs, Population Division (2014). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014
Revision
• Further population growth is expected in JABODETABEK area. Numbers of
registered motorbikes and car have been growing, thereby causing severe
traffic congestion.
• Indonesian Government intends to leverage ratio of public transportation to
60% (almost same level as London) by 2029 against total number of person
trip, and is formulating urban transportation master plan.
Modal Share
Projection
3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Outline of Jakarta Mass Rapid Transport (MRT)

Kampung Bandan St.

E-W Phase-1
(Total 31.7ｋｍ） N-S Phase-2
(Total 8.1ｋｍ）

Kalideres St.

Bundaran HI St.
Ujung Menteng St.

Opened in
N-S Phase-1 March 2019 !
（Total 15.7ｋｍ）
* Phase 2 of E-W Line
Lebak Bulus St.
(56.2km) locates outside of
DKI Jakarta. Its feasibility
needs to be confirmed. 20
3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Outline of Jakarta Mass Rapid Transport (MRT)

JICA’s Contribution
Kampung Bandan St.

► North-South Line E-W Phase-1

(Total 31.7ｋｍ） N-S Phase-2
1. Engineering Service (E/S) for Ph. 1: (Total 8.1ｋｍ）
JPY 2 billion Kalideres
St.
2. Construction of Ph. 1 and E/S for Ph. 2:
Bundaran HI St.
JPY 123 billion Ujung Menteng St.

3. Construction of Ph. 2:
N-S Phase-1
Loan Agreement (L/A) to be signed soon （Total 15.7ｋｍ）

► East-West Line Lebak Bulus St.

E/S for Ph. 1 Stage 1 (Kalideres - Cempaka

Baru): JPY 2 billion

Ridership and Travelling Time

► Expected Ridership in full operation:
N-S Line; 433,000 persons/day E-W Line; over 1,000,000 persons/day
► Expected Travelling Time
25 minutes from Lebak Bulus to Bundaran HI
41 minutes from L. Bulus to Kampung Bandan 21
3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Alignment and Contractors of MRT N-S Line Phase I

Underground： 5.9km
CP104-106
Elevated： 9.8km
CP101-103

CP104/105
Shimizu・Obayashi・
WIKA・JAYA

CP101/102 CP103
CP106
Tokyu・WIKA Obayashi・
Mitsui-Sumitomo・HK
Shimizu・JAYA
All civil works are implemented by Indonesia-Japan
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cooperation (in the form of JV) !!
3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Alignment and Contractors of MRT N-S Line Phase I

CP107: Railway Systems

Mitsui Corporation, Kobelco, Toyo

Engineering, IKPT

CP108: Rolling Stock:

Sumitomo Corporation

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3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Tunnel Boring Machine

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3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Indonesian – Japanese Co-working

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 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Outline of Jakarta Mass Rapid Transport (MRT)

Kampung Bandan St.

E-W Phase-1 Bidding

(Total 31.7ｋｍ） N-S Phase-2 process started
(Total 8.1ｋｍ）

Kalideres St.

Bundaran HI St.
Ujung Menteng St.

Basic design
to be started
N-S Phase-1
soon （Total 15.7ｋｍ）
* Phase 2 of E-W Line
Lebak Bulus St.
(56.2km) locates outside of
DKI Jakarta. Its feasibility
needs to be confirmed. 26
 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

JABODETABEK Urban Transportation

Policy Integration Project Phase 2 (JUTPI2)

Activities:
1.To develop a cross-ministerial and cross boundary framework to promote
integrated urban transportation policies in Jabodetabek
2.To enhance capacity of urban transportation related agencies to
implement transportation projects in Jabodetabek through implementation
of pilot projects
3.To enhance capacity of urban transportation related agencies to
implement transit-oriented development (TOD) projects in Jabodetabek

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 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

JABODETABEK – Public Transportation Future Network (Proposed by JUTPI2)

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 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

JABODETABEK – Public Transportation Future Network (Proposed by JUTPI2)

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 3. Japanese Cooperation in MRT Jakarta

Source: JUTPI2 30
Terima kasih banyak !