www.lawcommission.gov.

np

sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if P]g, @)!(

k|df0fLs/0f / g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sfzg
ldlt
@)!(.$.!)
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g
!= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -;+zf]wg_ P]g,@)!( @)!(.!@.#)
@= g]kfn P]gx¿ ;+zf]wg ug]{, vf/]h ug]{
/ k'gM Jojl:yt u/L rfn" /fVg] P]g, @)!( @)!(.!@.#)
#= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)@# @)@#.$.#!
$= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -t];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)@( @)@(.^.%
%= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)#) @)#).%.!%
^= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -kfFrf}+ ;zf]wg_ P]g, @)$@ @)$@.^.@#
&= Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$# @)$#.&.@$
*= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -5}7f}+ ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$& @)$&.!).@&
(= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -;ftf}+ ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$* @)$*.!@.#)
!)= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -cf7f}+ ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)%# @)%#.(.!&
!!= cfos/ P]g, @)%* @)%*.!@.!(
!@= n}lËs ;dfgtf sfod ug{ s]xL g]kfn P]g
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# @)^#.&.!&

!#= u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ @)^^.!).&
!$= n}lËs ;dfgtf sfod ug{ tyf n}s lx+;f cGTo ug]{ ;DaGwdf
s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf]
P]g,@)&@ @)&@.^.!$
!%= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if-gjf}+ ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&# @)&#.^.!*
!^= g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% @)&%.!!.!(
@)!( ;fnsf] P]g g+= !)

of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn h]7 !% ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf], k|z:tL / clw/fHo zAb lemlsPsf] .

1
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sd{rf/L ;+rosf]ifsf] Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g

 
k|:tfjgf M g]kfn ;/sf/ / ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx¿ cGo sd{rf/Lx? / :j/f]huf/df
;+nUg JolQmx?sf] lgldQ ;~ro sf]if, lgj[lQe/0f sf]if nufot cGo ;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]ifsf]
Joj:yf ug'{ jfG5gLo ePsf]n],
>L % dxf/fhflw/fh dx]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jaf6 g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f (# cg';f/
of] P]g agfOaS;]sf]5 .
kl/R5]b–!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM -!_ of] P]gsf] gfd æsd{rf/L ;~rosf]if P]g, @)!(Æ /x]sf] 5 .

-@_ ===================
-#_ of] bkmf t'¿Gt} k|f/De x'g]5 / c¿ afFsL bkmfx¿ dWo] ;a} jf s]xL bkmf jf
pkbkmfx¿ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;do ;dodf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L tf]lsPsf]
ldltb]lv k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df P]gdf,–
-s_ æsf]ifÆ eGgfn] bkmf # cGtu{t :yfkgf ul/Psf] sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if ;D´g'k5{ .

-v_ æsd{rf/LÆ eGgfn] dfl;s tnaaf6 sf]if s§L u/fpg'kg]{ /sd s§f u/fO{ sf]ifdf

bflvnf u/fpg] lghfdtL sd{rf/L, ;}lgs, k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, ;+j}wflgs cË,

================= / sf]ifsf sd{rf/L tyf lzIfs ;D´g'k5{ / ;f] zAbn] k|b]zsf]
;/sf/L ;]jf, :yfgLo ;]jfsf sd{rf/L jf bkmf !@v= adf]lhd sf]ifdf /sd hDdf

kfFrf} ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

gjf}+ ;+zf]wg4f/f ;+zf]lwt .

g]kfn P]gx¿ ;+zf]wg ug]{, vf/]h ug]{ / k'gM Jojl:yt u/L rfn" /fVg] P]g, @)!( åf/f ;+z]lwt .

kfFrf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .

-s_ bkmf !# sf] pkbkmf -!_ / !& sf] pkbkmf -!_, -@_, -#_, -$_, -%_, -^_ / -&_ afx]s c¿ bkmfx¿ @)!(.^.! b]lv k|f/De ePsf] . -g]kfn
/fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt ldlt @)!(.%.@(_
-v_ sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -rf}yf} ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)#) k|f/De ePsf] ldlt @)#).$.!
-u_ sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -cf7f} ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)%# k|f/De ePsf] ldlt @)%#.!).!* .

5}7f} ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{, P]g, @)^^ åf/f yk .

u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{, P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% 4f/f ;+zf]lwt .

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u/fpg] ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L, dhb"/ jf sfdbf/ tyf g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf
;"rgf k|sflzt u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo ju{sf] sd{rf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; P]gsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ sd{rf/L eGgfn] :yfoL sd{rf/L ;D´g'
k5{ .

-v!_ æ:j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmÆ eGgfn] lghL ?kdf ;~rflnt Joj;fo jf /f]huf/Laf6
cfo cfh{g ug{] OlGhlgo/, lrlsT;s, sfg"g Joj;foL, n]vfk/LIfs nufotsf k]zf
Joj;fo ug{] JolQm jf lgh;Fu ;Da4 sd{rf/L ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] j}b]lzs
/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQm, c:yfoL jf ;]jf s/f/df sfo{/t JolQm, 3/]n' sfdbf/,
s[ifs, c;Ël7t If]qdf sfo{/t >lds, lrof aufgsf >lds tyf ;xsf/L ;+3
;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-u_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf $ cGtu{t u7g ul/Psf] sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if ;Grfns
;ldlt ;D´g'k5{ .

-u!_ æcWoIfÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] cWoIf ;D´g' k5{ .

-u@_ æ;+rfnsÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] ;b:o ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] cWoIf tyf k|zf;s
;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .

-u#_ æk|zf;sÆ eGgfn] bkmf ^s= adf]lhd lgo'Qm sf]ifsf] k|zf;s ;D´g' k5{ .

-3_ æC0fkqÆ eGgfn] /fi6« C0f P]g, @)%( cGtu{t g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgisfzg u/]sf]
C0f ;D´g' k5{ / of] zAbn] ljb]zL ;/s/sf] C0fkq ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .

-ª_ ==================

-r_ ===================

-5_ ===================

 gjf}+ ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .

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
-h_ ===================

-´_ =====================
-`_ æl8j]Gr/Æ eGgfn] sDkgLn] cfˆgf] hfoh]yf lwtf] jf hdfgt /fvL lnPsf] C0fsf]
td;'s ;D´g' k5{ .

-6_ ==================

-7_ =================

-8_ ætnaÆ eGgfn] ;]jfsf] zt{ adf]lhd sd{rf/Ln] ;]jf k|bfg u/] afkt kbflwsf/
/x]sf] kbsf] k|rlnt :s]n adf]lhd kfpg] tnanfO{ dfq ;D´g' k5{ .

-9_ æsfof{noÆ eGgfn] sd{rf/Lsf] tnaaf6 sf]if /sd s§L u/L sf]ifn] tf]s]sf] vftfdf
hDdf ug]{ bfloTj ePsf] sfof{no jf ;+:yf ;D´g' k5{ .

-9!_ æ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;+:yfsf] ¿kdf :yfkgf ePsf] a}+s, ljlQo
;+:yf, sDkgL, kmd{ pBf]u jf To:t} cGo ;/sf/L jf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf ;D´g' k5{

/ ;f] zAbn] g]kfnl:yt s'6gLlts lgof]u / cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .

-0f_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf tf]lsPsf]
jf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;D´g' k5{ .

-t_ æsf]ifn] tf]s]sf]Æ eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t sf]ifn] agfPsf] ljlgod jf sf]ifsf]
;"rgfdf tf]s]sf] ;D´g'k5{ .


kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

cf7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

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kl/R5]b–@
:yfkgf, u7g / Joj:yf
#= sf]ifsf] :yfkgfM -!_ sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if gfdsf] Ps sf]if :yfkgf ul/g]5 . sf]ifdf
lgDglnlvt /sdx¿ /xg]5g\ / of] P]g jf o; cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿ adf]lhd ug'{kg]{
;a} sfd sfhsf] lgldQ sf]ifaf6 vr{ a]xf]l/g]5 M–
-s_ sf]ifsf] cfly{s ;xfotfsf] lgldQ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo JolQmn]
lbPsf ;a} /sdx¿,

-v_ of] P]g adf]lhd sd{rf/Lx¿sf] tnaaf6 s§f ul/Psf] / To;df
sfof{noaf6 ykL hDdf ul/Psf] ;a} /sdx¿,
-u_ sf]ifsf] /sdaf6 Aofh / nfesf] ¿kdf p7]sf] ;a} /sdx¿,
-3_ of] P]g k|f/De x'g'eGbf clw g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;Grfng u/]sf]
lghfdtL k|le8]06 km08, ;}lgs b|Josf]if / sd{ rf/Lsf] ;~rosf]df
ePsf] ;a} /sdx¿, /
-ª_ sf]ifnfO{ k|fKt ePsf ;a} /sdx¿ .

-@_ sf]ifsf] ;a} /sd g]kfn /fi6« a}+s jf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] cGo s'g} a}+sdf
/flvg]5 .
t/, To:tf] s'g} a}+s gePsf] 7fpFdf sf]ifsf] /sd dfn c8\8f jf sf]if tyf txl;n
sfof{nodf /flvg]5 .

-#_ sf]if cljlR5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t / ;+ul7t ;+:yf x'g]5 .
;+:yfsf] ;a} sfdsf] lgldQ cfˆgf]] Pp6f 5'§} 5fk x'g]5 . sf]ifn] cfˆgf]] gfdaf6 gfn]z
ph"/ ug{ / lgh pk/ ;f]xL gfdaf6 gfn]z ph"/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .


kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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 www.lawcommission.gov.np

-$_ of] P]g / o; cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL sf]ifn] rn crn

;DklQ k|fKt ug{, /fVg, gfd;f/L ug{, laqmL tyf ;§fk§f ug{ / of] P]gsf] p2]Zo k"lt{sf
nflu cfjZos ePsf c¿ ;a} sfd ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-%_ sf]ifsf] k|wfg sfof{no sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq /xg]5 / sf]ifsf] sfd ;'rf¿
¿kn] rnfpg sf]ifn] rfx]sf] avt g]kfnsf cGo If]qx¿df zfvf pkzfvfx¿ vf]Ng
;Sg]5 .

$= ;ldltsf] u7g M -!_ sf]ifdf sDtLdf ;ft hgf ;+rfnsx¿ ePsf] Pp6f ;+rfns
;ldlt /xg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltdf b]xfosf ;+rfnsx¿ /xg]5g\M–
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgo'Qm JolQm – cWoIf
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljleGg ;]jfaf6 g]kfn ;/sf/n]
dgf]gLt u/] tLghgf – ;+rfns
-u_ a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf tyf cGo ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿af6
g]kfn ;/sf/n] dgf]gLt u/]sf b'O{hgf – ;+rfns
-3_ sf]ifsf] k|zf;s – ;+rfns
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+rfnsx¿ dgf]gLt ubf{
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljleGg ;]jf a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yf Pj+ ljleGg ;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿af6 kfn};+u
k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ;+rfnsx¿sf] dgf]gog ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ k|zf;s afx]s cGo ;+rfnsx¿sf] sfof{jlw tLg jif{sf] x'g]5 / cjlw ;dfKt
ePkl5 lghx¿ k'gM Ps k6s;Ddsf] nflu lgo'Qm jf dgf]gLt x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
-%_ sfof{jlw k"/f gxF'b} s'g} ;+rfnssf] kb l/Qm x'g cfPdf afFsL cjlwsf] nflu
;f] kb klxn] h'g k|lqmofaf6 k"lt{ ul/Psf] xf] ;f]xL k|lqmofaf6 k"lt{ ul/g]5 .

 gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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-^_ o; bkmfdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd
lgo'Qm jf dgf]gLt ;+rfnsx¿nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] h'g;'s} avt x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-&_ ;+rfnsx¿n] ;ldltsf] a}7sdf efu lnP afkt kfpg] a}+7s eQf g]kfn
;/sf/n] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-*_ ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf] sf]ifsf] clws[t sd{rf/Ln] ;ldltsf] ;lrj eO{ sfd
ug]{5 .

%= ;+rfnssf] cof]UotfM b]xfosf] JolQm ;ldltsf] ;+rfns x'g cof]Uo dflgg]5 M–
-s_ 6f6 pN6]sf],
-v_ ax'nfPsf],
-u_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 bf]ifL 7x/L ^
dxLgfsf] s}bsf] ;hfo kfPsf],
-3_ bkmf @* adf]lhd sf]if;+u 7]Ssf k§f lnPsf] jf To:tf] 7]Ssf k§f
lnPsf] jf To:tf] 7]Ssf k§fdf ;f´]bf/ ePsf],

-ª_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] bzf}+
tx jf ;f] ;/xsf] tx eGbf tNnf] txsf kbdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L, jf
-r_ bkmf @( cGtu{t ;hfo kfPsf] .

^= vfnL vfN;f vfnL :yfgsf] k"lt{ M -!_ s'g} ;+rfns b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cfˆgf]] kbaf6
x6\g]5M–
-s_ lnlvt /fhLgfdf k]z u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ePdf,
-v_ sf/0f v'nfO{ ;ldltnfO{ ;"rgf glbO{ nuftf/ tLg k6s ;Dd
;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt gePdf / o:tf] cg'kl:ytLsf] sf/0f
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljrf/df dgfl;a gnfu]df,


t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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
-u_ bkmf $ sf] pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ adf]lhd dgf]gLt
;+rfnsx¿ ;DalGwt lgsfo jf ;+:yfdf sfo{/t g/x]df,
-3_ sfof{jlw k"/f gx'b} lghsf] 7fpFdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] csf]{ JolQm
lgo'Qm u/]df, jf
-ª_ bkmf % df plNnlvt s'g} cof]Uotfsf] cj:yfdf k/]df .
-@_ la/fdL k/]sf] jf labfdf a;]sf] jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 s]xL ;dosf] nflu
cWoIf jf s'g} ;+rfnsn] ;ldltsf] sfd rnfpg g;Sg] ePdf ;f] ;dosf] nflu sfd
rnfpg lghsf] 7fpFdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] csf]{ JolQmnfO{ c:yfoL lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^s= k|zf;ssf] lgo'lQm M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] sf]ifsf] k|zf;sLo k|d'vsf] ¿kdf b}lgs sfo{
;+rfng ug{sf] nflu sDtLdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /fhkqf+lst k|yd >]0fL, sf]if jf ;+:yfsf]
clws[t k|yd >]0fL jf bzf}+ tx jf ;f] ;/xsf] kbdf sfo{/t s'g} Pshgf ;+rostf{
sd{rf/LnfO{ k|zf;ssf] kbdf lgo'Qm ug]{5 .

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm k|zf;ssf] sfof{jlw kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 / lgh
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] OR5f cg';f/ cfˆgf]] kbdf axfn /xg]5 .
-#_ k|zf;sn] kfpg] kfl/>lds, ;'ljwf, tyf ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
&= Joj:yf M -!_ ;ldltsf] /fo a'´L g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fi6«lxtsf] nflu cfjZos 7x¥ofPsf]
lgb]{z ;do ;dodf sf]ifnfO{ lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{t lbOPsf] lgb]{zx¿sf] cg'z/0f u/L sf]ifsf] ;+rfng ug]{ /
o; P]g cGtu{t sf]ifn] ug'{kg]{ ;a} sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ sfo{ef/ ;ldltsf] x'g] 5 .
-#_ ;ldltn] of] P]g cGtu{t cfkm"n] kfPsf] clVtof/ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|zf;g
jf s'g} pk;ldltnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 . sf]ifsf] sfd ;'rf¿ ¿kn] rnfpg k|zf;sn] cfkm"n]


5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

cf7f]F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt

cf7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

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kfPsf sfdsf] clVtof/L cfˆgf]] hjfkmb]xLdf sf]ifsf cfkm" dftxtsf clwsf/L /

sd{rf/LnfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .

*= ;ldltsf] a}7s M -!_ cWoIfn] tf]s]sf] ldlt, :yfg / ;dodf ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g]5 .
-@_ ;ldltsf] a}7s jif{df sDtLdf ^ k6s a:g]5 / b'O { a}7ssf] aLrsf] cjlw
tLg dxLgf eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg 5nkmn ug{ vf]lhPsf ljifo–
;"rL ;lxt sDtLdf tLg hgf ;+rfnsn] lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df cWoIfn] / cWoIfsf]
cg'kl:yltdf k|zf;sn] ;ft lbgleq ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ sDtLdf cfwfeGbf a9L ;+rfnsx¿ pkl:yt geO{ ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g] 5}g .
-%_ ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf cWoIfn] ug]{5 . lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf
;+rfnsx¿n] cfkm" dWoaf6 5fg]sf ;+rfnsn] ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{5 .
-^_ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ax'dtsf] lg0f{o dfGo x'g]5 / dt a/fa/ ePdf cWoIfn]
lg0ff{os dt lbg ;Sg]5 .
-&_ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt ;+rfnsx¿, 5nkmnsf ljifo / tT;DaGwdf ePsf]
lg0f{osf] ljj/0f 5'§} lstfadf n]vL /fVg' kg]{5 .
-*_ ;ldltsf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw ;ldlt cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
(= ;ldltnfO{ d'ntaL /fVg] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] clVtof/ M of] P]g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{ sfd ug{
c;dy{ 7x/fPdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L ;ldltnfO{ d'ntaL
/fvL To;sf] 7fpFdf of] P]g adf]lhd ;ldltsf] sfd ;+rfng ug{ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{
d's// ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf JolQm jf ;+:yfn] of] P]g / o; cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿
cGtu{t u/]sf] ;a} sfd sf/afO{ of] P]g adf]lhd ;ldltn] u/] ;/x dfGotf lbOg] 5 .

!)= ======================


5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .

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!!= g]kfn ;/sf/ / sf]ifsf] ;DaGw M of] P]g adf]lhd sf]ifn] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /fo jf :jLs[lt
lng'kg]{ s'/fdf jf g]kfn ;/sf/df k]z ug'{ kg]{ s'/fdf g]kfn ;/sf/;+u n]vfk9L ubf{ cy{
dGqfno dfkm{t ug'{k5{ .

!!s= sf]ifsf] cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f M -!_ cy{ dGqfnon] cfjZostf cg';f/ sf]ifsf] sfd sf/afxLsf]
cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf cy{ dGqfnon] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b–#
sfd sf/afO{
 
!@= clgjfo{ ¿kn] sd{rf/Lx¿sf] tnaaf6 ¿k}of s§f u/L sf]ifdf hDdf ug]{ M -!_ k|To]s
sfof{non] sd{rf/Lsf] dfl;s tnaaf6 bz k|ltztdf g36\g] u/L tf]lsP adf]lhdsf b/n]
sf]if /sd s§L u/L ;f] /sdsf] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] k|ltztn] x'g] /sd ;d]t yk u/L
sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ sf]if s§Lsf] /sd clgjfo{ ¿kn] sfl6g]5 . To;sf] nflu ;DalGwt sd{rf/Lsf]
:jLs[lt lng'kg]{ 5}g .

-#_ sd{rf/Lsf] sf]if s§L / To;df yk x'g] /sd lghsf] tna lbg] sfof{nosf]
lgod cg';f/ x'g]5 .
-$_ s'g} sd{rf/L lgnDag ePdf lgnlDat /x]sf] cjlwe/ lghsf] sf]if s§L ul/g]
5}g . t/ nfu]sf] cleof]u k|dfl0ft ge} lgh sd{rf/Lsf] lgnDag km's'jf ePdf lghn]

kfpg] ;f] lgnlDat /x]sf] cjlwsf] tnaaf6 ;dfg'kflts /sd s§L u/L To;df yk x'g]
/sd ;d]t ykL Ps d'i6 sf]ifdf bflvn ul/g]5 .
-%_ s'g} sd{rf/L j]tnaL jf cfwf tnaL ljbfdf /x]sf] cjlwdf b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M
-s_ a]tnaL cj:yfdf sf]if s§L ul/g] 5}g .


gjf}+ ;+zf]wg4f/f ;+zf]lwt .
 gjf}+ ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

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
-v_ cfwf tnaL cj:yfdf pkbkmf -!_ df tf]lsPsf] b/n] krf;
k|ltzt sf]if s§L u/Lg]5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|To]s sfof{no k|d'vn] cfˆgf]] sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lsf]
tnaaf6 lgoldt ¿kn] sf]if s§L u/L ;f] /sddf kfpg] yk /sd ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L
ljj/0f ;lxt sf]ifn] tf]s]sf] cjlwleq sf]ifn] tf]s]sf] sfof{nodf bflvn ug'{ kg]{5 .

-&_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd yk lbg] /sdsf] cltl/Qm sfof{non] sd{rf/Lsf]
gfpFdf hDdf x'g] u/L c¿ /sd ;d]t sf]ifdf bflvn ug{ of] P]gn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg]
5}g .

!@s= =====================
 
!@v= ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] sf]if s§LM -!_ ;Ël7t ;+:yfn] cfˆgf]] sd{rf/Lx¿sf] dfl;s
tnaaf6 bkmf !@ adf]lhd sf]if /sd s§L u/L sf]ifdf hDdf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pko'Qm 7fg]df g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L s'g}
;+:yfnfO{ lgoldt ¿kdf dfl;s tna k|fKt ug]{ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] dfl;s tnaaf6 pkbkmf
-!_ adf]lhdsf] /sd sf]ifdf hDdf u/fpg cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ of] bkmf cGtu{t sf]if /sd s§L ePsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf bkmf !@ sf]
;Dk"0f{ Joj:yf nfu" x'g]5 .
-$_ of] bkmf cGtu{t sf]if /sd s§L u/L sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug]{ ;+:yf lj36g jf
vf/]h ePdf To:tf] ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L of] P]gsf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ ;]jfaf6 x6]sf dflgg]
5g\ .
-%_ of] bkmf k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] bkmf !^ adf]lhd sf]ifdf hDdf
u/fPsf] sf]if s§L /sd pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd g} hDdf u/fPsf] dflgg]5 .


rf}yf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

cf7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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
!@u= :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmn] sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmn]
tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] /sd sf]ifdf hDdf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sf]ifdf hDdf /x]sf] /sdsf] ;Íng tyf e'QmfgL ;DaGwL
k|lqmof / sf]ifaf6 kfpg] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

!#= sf]ifdf ¿k}ofF hDdf x'g cfPkl5 sf]ifn] ug]{ sfdM -!_ bkmf !@, !@v= / !@u= adf]lhd
sf]ifdf ¿k}ofF hDdf x'g cfPkl5 k|To]s sd{rf/L / :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmsf] gfdaf6
hDdf x'g cfPsf] /sd ;f] sd{rf/L / :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmsf] gfdsf] vftfdf hDdf
ul/g]5 .
-@_ sf]ifn] k|To]s jif{ ;fn tdfd ePkl5 sd{rf/Lsf] tnaaf6 dxLgf dxLgfdf

s§L ePsf] /sd sfof{noaf6 yk ePsf] /sd / cGo s§L jf yk ePsf] /sd tyf

To;/L hDdf x'b} cfPsf] /sddf kfPsf] Aofh ;d]t v'nfO{ ;dy{g kq jf jflif{s ljj/0f
sd{rf/LnfO{ lbg]5 .

-@s_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg
JolQmsf] xsdf tT;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-#_ sf]ifn] k|To]s sd{rf/L / :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ kl/rokq lbg]5 .


-$_ pkbkmf -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd kl/rokq ===========lb+bf jf To:tf] kl/ro kq
 
=========x/fP, RofltP jf wldlnPdf csf]{ kl/rokq ================= lb+bf sf]ifn] To;sf]
b:t'/ tf]lslbg ;Sg]5 .

!$= /sd l´Sg ;Sg M -!_ sDtLdf kfFr jif{;Dd nuftf/ sf]if s§L /sd sf]ifdf hDdf ug]{
sd{rf/Ln] cfly{s jif{sf] z'¿;Dddf lghsf] gfddf sf]if s§L eO{ hDdf ePsf] s"n
/sdsf] ;f7L k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L sf]ifaf6 /sd l´Sg ;Sg]5 .

 gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
 gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

kfFrf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .

5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

cf7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

12
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-@_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd afx]s
s'g} sd{rf/Ln] lgh ;]jfdf axfn /x];Dd sf]ifaf6 /sd l´Sg ;Sg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} sd{rf/Ln] Ps k6s /sd l´s]kl5 To;/L /sd
l´s]sf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{ k"/f geO{ k'gM /sd l´Sg ;lsg] 5}g .

!$s= lx;fa ldnfg ul/g] M -!_ s'g} sd{rf/Ln] of] bkmf k|f/De x'g' eGbf clw sf]ifaf6 ;fk6L
lnO{ ;s]sf] /x]5 eg] lghn] lnPsf] ;fk§L dWo] ltg{ afFsL ;fFjf Aofh /sd lghsf]
gfddf ;+lrt /x]sf] sf]if s§L /sdaf6 s§L u/L lx;fa ldnfg ul/g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lx;fa ldnfg ul/Psf]df To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] k'gM sf]ifaf6
/sd l´Sg rfx]df bkmf !$ sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] /sddf cl3 l´ls;s]sf] /sd
s§L u/L afFsL /sd dfq lbO{g]5 .
t/ sf]ifaf6 /sd l´s]sf] jf ;fk6L lnPsf] ldltn] b'O{ jif{ k"/f geO{ lghn] k'gM
/sd l´Sg ;Sg] 5}g .
-#_ sf]ifaf6 3/ ;fk6L lnPsf] sd{rf/Ln] sf]if s§L /sdaf6 lx;fa ldnfg ug{
rfx]df pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lx;fa ldnfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!$v=sf]ifaf6 l´s]sf] /sd lkmtf{ ug{ ;lsg]M bkmf !$ adf]lhd l´s]sf] /sd sd{rf/Ln] Ps}
k6s jf k6s k6s u/L sf]ifdf lkmtf{ hDdf u/fpg ;Sg]5 . To;/L hDdf x'g cfPsf]
/sddf bkmf !% adf]lhd Aofh / d'gfkmf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
 
!%= Aofh / d'gfkmf lbg] M -!_ sd{rf/Lsf] gfddf hDdf ePsf] /sddf sf]ifn] pkbkmf -@_
adf]lhd ;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] b/n] Aofh lbg]5 .
-@_ sf]ifn] Aofhsf] b/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ cfkm" lhDdf /x]sf] s"n /sd, To; dWo]af6
ePsf] nufgLsf] s"n /sd, To;af6 k|fKt x'g] nfef+z jf Aofhsf] s"n /sd / k|zf;lgs
vr{ ;d]tnfO{ Wofgdf /flv cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ug]{5 .

-#_ ====================

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .

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-$_ k|To]s cfly{s ;fn tdfdsf] lbg sf]ifsf] k"FhL / bfloTj ahf/ efpn] d"Nofs+g
ubf{ jflif{s # k|ltzt Aofh lbg gk'Ug] ePdf To:tf] Aofh lbg gk'u /sd hlt g]kfn
;/sf/sf] ;+lrt sf]if k|lt Aoo ef/ x'g]5 .

-%_ h'g;'s} sf/0fn] sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf 6'6] klg lghsf] gfddf sf]ifdf ;+lrt /x]sf]
/sd sf]ifaf6 gl´s];Dd sf]ifn] ;f] /sddf Aofh lbg]5 .

-^_ sf]ifsf] n]vf kl/If0f eO{ ;s]sf] jflif{s lx;fadf d'gfkmf /x]sf] /sdaf6 bkmf
@% adf]lhd /sd 5'6\ofO{ afFsL /x]sf] d'gfkmf /sdnfO{ d'gfkmf lgwf{/0f ePsf] cfly{s
jif{sf] z'¿;Dddf ;+rostf{sf] gfddf hDdf /x]sf] /sddf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] b/ / k| lqmof
adf]lhd ;+rostf{x¿df d'gfkmf afF8kmfF8 u/L lglZrt ePsf] /sd lghx¿sf] vftfdf
hDdf ul/g]5 .
-&_ =============

!%s= sf]if s§f /sd lkmtf{ kfpg] M -!_ sd{rf/Lsf] vftfdf hDdf /x]sf] ;fFjf Aofh ;d]tsf]
;Dk"0f{ /sd h'g;'s} sf/0fn] ;]jfaf6 x6] klg lghn] t'¿Gt Psd'i6 lkmtf{ kfpg]5 .
To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' e};s]sf] eP lghn] OR5fPsf] JolQmn] OR5fOP adf]lhdsf] /sd
kfpg]5 / lghn] s;}nfO{ OR5fPsf] gePdf jf OR5fOPsf] JolQmsf] klg OR5fpg] JolQmsf]
d[To' x'g' eGbf klxn] g} d[To' e};s]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] /sd ck'tfnL ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhdsf] xsjfnfn] kfpg]5 .

-!s_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ sd{rf/Ln] s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ OR5fpg
;Sg]5 . o;/L sd{rf/Ln] s'g} JolQmnfO{ OR5fpFbf OR5fpg] tl/sf sf]ifn] tf]s] adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
-@_ sd{rf/Ln] OR5fPsf] JolQmsf] d[To' ePdf jf lghsf] d[To' gePklg sd{rf/Ln]
rfx]df lghsf] ;§f csf]{ JolQmnfO{ OR5fpg jf OR5fPsf] a]xf]/fdf x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .


kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

;ftf}+ ;+zf]wg4/f l´lsPsf] .

t]>f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

n}lËs ;dfgtf sfod ug{ tyf n}l·s lx+;f cGTo ug]{ ;DaGwdf s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] P]g,@)&@4f/f ;+zf]wg .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

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-#_ sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf 6'6]kl5 lghn] ;]jf 6'6]sf] ldltn] tLg jif{;Dd klg sf]ifsf]
/sd lkmtf{ lng gcfPdf jf ;f] lkmtf{ lng] ;DaGwdf s'g} ;"rgf sf]ifnfO{ glbPdf lghsf]
sf]ifsf] /sd lghn] OR5fPsf] JolQmn] kfpg] 5 . OR5fPsf] JolQmn] klg ;f] /sd lghn]
kfpg ;Sg] ldltn] @ jif{ ( dlxgf;Dd lng gcfPdf sf]ifn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hgfsf/Ldf

cfpg] u/L ;"rgf lgsfNg] Joj:yf ug]{5 . ;"rgf lg:s]sf] tLg dlxgfleq klg OR5fPsf]
JolQmn] lng gcfPdf ;f] /sd ck'tfnL ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdsf] xsjfnfn]
kfpg]5 .

-#s_ bkmf !% sf] pkbkmf -%_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;+lrt /sd
lkmtf{ kfpg ;Sg] cj:yf ePsf] z'¿ ldltn] ^ jif{ ;Dddf klg To:tf] /sd lkmtf{ kfpg]
xs k'u]sf] JolQmn] lkmtf{ lng gcfPdf ;f] /sd 5'6} vftfdf hDdf ul/g]5 / To;/L 5'§}
vftfdf hDdf u/L ;s]kl5 ;f] /sddf Aofh lbOg]5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sd{rf/Ln] sf]ifaf6 lnPsf]
;fFjf Aofhsf] e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /sd ====================== sf]ifn] s6fO{ lng]5 .

!%v= sd{rf/Lsf] l:ylt af/] sf]ifnfO{ ;"rgf ug]{ M -!_ sd{rf/Lsf] gofF lgo'lQm, ;¿jf jf a9'jf
ePdf To:tf] gofF lgo'lQm ;¿jf jf a9'jfsf] k"FhL{ lbg] sfof{non] sf]ifnfO{ ;f] s'/fsf]
;"rgf t'¿Gt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} sd{rf/L pd]/sf] xbaf6 cjsfz kfpg] ePdf cjsfz kfpg] 5 dlxgf

cufa} sd{rf/Lsf] cjsfz kfpg] ldlt v'nfO{ ;DalGwt sfof{no jf lstfavfgfn]
sf]ifnfO{ ;"rgf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ sd{rf/Ln] cjsfz kfPdf jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] lghsf] ;]jf 6'6]df sd{rf/Lsf]
sf]if s§L /sd lkmtf{ ug{sf] nflu sd{rf/Ln] cjsfz kfPsf] jf lghsf] ;]jf 6'6]sf] ldlt
;d]t v'nfO{ ;flas sfof{non] sf]ifnfO{ ;"rgf ug'{ kg]{5 .


kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

n}lËs ;dfgtf sfod ug{ tyf n}l·s lx+;f cGTo ug]{ ;DaGwdf s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug{ ag]sf] P]g,@)&@4f/f ;+zf]wg .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

5}7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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
!^= =============
!&= k"FhL ;fg]{M -!_ of] P]g k|f/De x'g' eGbf cl3Nnf] ldlt;Dd g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+rfng u/]sf]
lghfdtL k|le8]06 km08, ;}lgs b|Josf]if / sd{rf/Lsf] ;+rosf]ifsf] k"FhL / bfloTj of] P]g
k|f/De ePkl5 sf]ifdf ;/]sf] dflgg]5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] pQm sf]ifx¿sf] k"FhL / bfloTj
;DaGwL ;|]:tf sfuhft / of] P]g cGtu{t ;+rfng ug]{ sfd of] P]g k|f/De ePsf] ^
dlxgfleq sf]ifnfO{ a'´fO{ lbg]5 / sf]ifn] o;/L k"FhL, bfloTj / ;DalGwt ;|]:tf
sfuhftx¿ a'l´;s]kl5 of] P]g k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 sd{rf/Lx¿sf] gfpFdf hDdf
e}/fv]sf] ¿k}of sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] dflgg]5 / of] P]g cGtu{t ;f] ¿k}ofFsf] ;+rfng
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sf]ifn] k"FhL / bfloTj a'l´lng' kbf{ lghfdtL k|le8]06
km08, ;}lgs b|Josf]if / sd{rf/Lsf] ;+rosf]ifaf6 nufgL ePsf] k"FhL dWo] ;fFjf, Aofh jf
b'j}sf] s]xL jf k"/f p7\g g;Sg] eGg] sf]ifn] 7x/fPdf ;f] k"FhL / nufgLsf xsdf sf]ifn]
d"Nofs+g u/]sf] df]nn] dfq sf]ifn] To:tf] k"FhL nufgL a'l´lnPsf] dflgg]5 . To:tf] k"FhL
nufgL sf]ifn] a'l´lnP klg ;f] k"FhL nufgLdf gk' u x'g cfPsf] ¿k}ofF hlt ;+3Lo ;+lrt
sf]ifaf6 k|fKt x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sd df]n jf gp7\g] eGg] 7x/fPsf] k"FhL nufgL a'´L
lng' cufj} g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ To:tf] k"FhL nufgLsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f cj:yf ahf/ efpn]
d"NofÍg u/L sf]ifn] k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 To:tf] k"FhL nufgLsf] ¿k}ofF
sf]ifnfO{ ;+3Lo ;+lrt sf]ifaf6 t'¿Gt k|fKt x'g] u/L To:tf] k"FhL nufgL g]kfn ;/sf/n]
lng] u/L # dlxgfleq sf]ifnfO{ lgb]{z k7fpg ;Sg]5 . To:tf] lgb]{zsf] cg';/0f sf]ifn]
ug'{k5{ .
!*= sf]ifsf] ;'/IffM k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg b]xfodf n]lvPsf]df
b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–


5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg s]xL g]kfn P]gnfO{ ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&% 4f/f ;+zf]lwt .

16
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-s_ sf]ifdf sd{rf/Lsf] gfpFdf hDdf /x]sf] ¿k}ofFdf sd{rf/Lsf] c+lzof/x¿ s;}sf] c+z
afkt xs nfUg] 5}g . c+z a08f ug{ klg lghnfO{ s/ nfUg] 5}g . cbfntsf]
kmf};nf ePklg sd{rf/Lsf] sf]ifdf hDdf /x]s f] ¿k}ofFdf ;fx' dxfhgsf] bfaf k'Ug]
5}g . g]kfn sfg"g cGtu{t ;j{:j hfohft x'g] nufot s'g} s;"/df sf]ifdf /x]sf]
sd{rf/Lsf] ¿k}ofF x/0f x'g] 5}g . ;/sf/L /sd snd afFsL lng kg]{df ;d]t ;f]
¿k}ofF s§L jf x/0f ul/g] 5}g .
-v_ sd{rf/Lsf] gfpFdf sf]ifdf hDdf /x]sf] ¿k}ofFdf / sf]ifsf] d'gfkmfdf / sf]ifaf6
sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf]] gfpFdf hDdf ePsf] ¿k}ofF k|fKt u/]kl5 ;f] k|fKt u/]sf] ¿k}ofFdf

cfos/ afx]s s'g} lsl;dsf] s/ nfUg] 5}g .
-u_ s'g} sDkgLdf sf]ifsf] s'g} /sd nufgL jf C0fdf u}/fv]sf]df ;f] sDkgL lj36g
e} To;sf] hfoh]yf ljt/0f x'Fbf sf]ifsf] nufgL, To; afktsf] nfef+z / C0fsf]
c;"n pk/ x'g afFsL /sd afkt To:tf] sDkgLsf] hfoh]yf pk/ sf]ifsf] ;a}eGbf
klxnf] xs /xg]5 . c¿ s'g} JolQmaf6 sf]ifsf] s'g} /sd lng' afFsL ePsf]df klg
To:tf] JolQmsf] hfoh]]yf ;fx'x¿sf] bfdf;fxLdf k/]df lghsf] hfoh]yf pk/
sf]ifsf] lng'kg]{ /sd afkt ;a} eGbf klxnf] xs /xg]5 . sf]ifsf] To;/L lng'kg]{
afFsL /sd c;"n pk/ e};s]kl5 dfq afFsL /xg cfPsf] To:tf] sDkgL jf
JolQmsf] hfoh]yfdf c¿ JolQmx¿sf] xs nfUg]5 .

t/ bkmf !( sf] v08 -u@_ adf]lhd sf]ifn] ;x ljQLos/0fsf] cfwf/df
lbPsf] shf{sf] ;DaGwdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

-3_ s'g} pBf]u wGbf jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf sd{rf/Ln] lnvt cg';f/ sf]ifnfO{ a'´fpg'
kg]{ ;fk6L, k]ZsL, C0f jf Aofhsf] /sd ;dodf ga'´fPdf ;f] ;do gf3]sf]

k}+tL; lbg kl5 To:tf] pBf]u wGbf jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf sd{rf/Ln] sf]ifnfO{ lwtf]
n]lvlbPsf] jf h]yf hdfgLdf n]lvPsf] 3/ hUuf jf cGo s'g} klg ;DklQ sf]ifn]

cfkm} sAhf u/L lnnfd laqmL u/L sf]ifsf] /sd c;"n pk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . lnnfd


cfos/ P]g, @)%* åf/f ;+zf]lwt .

cf7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

17
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laqmL x'Fbf s;}n] g;sf/]df sf]ifn] pQm ;DklQsf] :jfldTj cfkm"df lng ;Sg]5 .
o:tf] l:yltdf To::tf] ;DklQsf] nut /fVg] jf dfnkf]t c;"n ug]{ ;/sf/L
sfof{nox¿n] sf]ifsf] hgfp adf]lhd cfˆgf] sfof{nodf /x]sf] ;|]:tfdf tbg';f/
gfd;f/L bflvn vf/]h cflb hf] ug'{kg]{ sf/afxL s'g} b:t'/ glnO{ ul/lbg' k5{ .
 
-ª_ v08 -3_ jf bkmf !(s= adf]lhdsf] sf]ifn] lwtf] jf h]yf hdfgL n]vfO{ lnPkl5
C0fLn] To:tf] ;DklQ c¿ s;}nfO{ lwtf] jf ef]uaGwsL lbg jf s'g} lsl;dn] xs
5f8L lbg kfpg] 5}g / ;f] ;DklQ /f]Ssf /fVg sf]ifaf6 n]vL cfPdf /flhi6«]zg
kf; ug]{ sfof{non] /f]Ssf /fVg] ug'{ k5{ .

-r_ sf]ifn] lng] / lbg] Aofhb/ sf]ifn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-5_ sf]ifn] s'g} pBf]u wGbf, ;+ul7t ;+:yf / sd{rf/LnfO{ crn ;DklQsf] lwtf]df C0f
jf ;fk6L lb+bf kfFr jif{eGbf a9Lsf] efvf /fVg ;Sg]5 .

-h_ sf]ifn] sd{rf/LnfO{ lwtf] jf h]yf hdfgLdf C0f lb+bf C0f lbg' clw C0fnfO{ vfDg]
u/L g]kfnsf] s'g} 7fpFsf] lwtf] hdfgt cfˆgf]] ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] s'/f] lglZrt
ePkl5 dfq C0f lbg]5 . o;/L lwtf] h]yf hdfgLdf /fv]sf] ;DklQsf] d"NofÍg ug]{
t/Lsf sf]ifn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

-´_ sf]ifn] lbPsf] C0f jf ;fk6Lsf] ;fFjf Aofhsf] /sd ls:tf sa'lnotgfdfsf] zt{sf
Dofbleq r'Qmf geO{ lwtf] jf h]yf hdfgL /fv]sf] ;DkQL sAhf u/L lnnfd laqmL
ug'{ k/]df sf]ifn] sDtLdf k}tL; lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ :yfgLo kqklqsfdf ;"rgf
k|sflzt u/L ;f] Dofb ;dfKt ePkl5 To:tf] ;DklQ sAhf u/L lnnfd laqmL ug{
;Sg]5 .

========


t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

gjf} ;+zf]wg4f/f lemlsPsf] .

18
 www.lawcommission.gov.np


!*s= sf]ifnfO{ 5'6 / ;'ljwf M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sf]ifnfO{
b]xfosf] 5'6 / ;'ljwf k|fKt x'g]5 M–
-s_ sf]ifn] lbg] shf{ jf k'gMshf{sf] lnvt /lhi6«]zgdf /lhi6«]zg b:t"/ gnfUg] .
-v_ sf]if;Fu ul/g] s'g} lsl;dsf] sf/f]af/sf] lnvtdf sf]ifnfO{ cfo l6s6
b:t'/ jf /lhi6«]zg b:t'/ gnfUg] .

!(= sf]ifsf] clwsf/ M sf]ifnfO{ cfˆgf] df}Hbft / ;DklQsf] kl/rfng tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf]
bfo/f lj:tf/ ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clwsf/ x'g]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[lt k|fKt ljb]zL jf :jb]zL ;+:yfsf]
C0f kqdf nufgL ug{],
-v_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt a}Íx?sf] gub k|df0fkq -Sof; ;l6{lkms]6_
d'2tL l8kf]lh6df nufgL ug]{,
-u_ sf]ifn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt ljQLo ;+:yfx¿sf]
gub k|df0fkq -Sof; ;l6{lkms]6_ d'2tL l8kf]lh6df pko'Qm a}Í hdfgt lnO{
nufgL ug]{,
-3_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] hdfgtdf sf]ifn] tf]s]sf] zt{ / Aofhdf s'g} pBf]u wGbf jf
;Ël7t ;+:yfnfO{ C0f lbg],
-ª_ a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/df nufgL ug]{,
t/ To;/L z]o/df nufgL ubf{ To:tf] a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
lgisflzt k"FhLsf] kRrL; k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-r_ sf]ifn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] If]qdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfx?;F+u ldnL ;xljQLos/0fsf] cfwf/df lwtf] ljefhg -kfl/kf;'_ ug]{ u/L
cfk;df ePsf] ;Demf}tf cg';f/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf shf{ lbg],
-5_ sf]ifn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgL jf ;Ël7t
;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] l8a]Gr/df nufgL ug]{,
t/ To;/L l8a]Gr/df nufgL ubf{ To:tf] sDkgL jf ;Ël7t ;+:yfn]
hf/L u/]sf] s'n l8a]Gr/sf] kRrL; k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L nufgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-h_ sf]ifn] g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj jf lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] s'g}
lgsfoåf/f k|jl4{t pmhf{ pTkfbg / k|zf/0f, s[lif ljsf;, ko{6g / 7"nf
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] If]qdf z]o/ nufgL ug{ ;Sg] .
-em_ sf]ifn] cfkm} jf c? ;+:yf;Fu ldnL sd{rf/L / :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmx?sf]
;xeflutfdf ;fd"lxs nufgL of]hgf -Do'Ron km08_ ;~rfng ug{ sDkgL jf
;+:yfsf] :yfkgf ug{],
-`_ sf]ifn] sd{rf/L jf :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmsf] ;xeflutfdf ;fd"lxs nufgL
of]hgf -Do'Ron km08_ ;~rfng ug{],

 gjf} ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

gjf} ;+zf]wg4f/f ;+zf]lwt .

19
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-6_ sf]ifn] cfkm}+ jf c? ;+:yfx?;Fu ldnL cfjf; kl/of]hgfx? ;~rfng u/L 3/

38]/L ;f]em} jf ls:tfaGbLdf ;~rostf{nfO{ laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ jf axfndf
lbg],
-7_ sf]ifn] cfkm} jf c? ;+:yfx?;Fu ldnL ljZjljBfno, lzIf0f c:ktfn, d]l8sn
sn]h nufot z}lIfs If]q, cf}ifwL pTkfbg, pmhf{ pTkfbg, ko{6g, s[lif
ljsf;df ;DefJotf cWoog u/L nufgL ug{ ;Sg],
-8_ sf]ifsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf 3/ 38]/L laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ jf cfjf; kl/of]hgf
;~rfng ug{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug]{,
-9_ sf]ifsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] hUufdf ejgx? lgdf{0f u/L axfndf lbg],
-0f_ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] hdfgtdf zt{ / Aofh
tf]sL k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ;+:yflkt sDkgL jf ;Ël7t ;+:yfnfO{ C0f lbg],
-t_ sf]ifn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] If]qdf kof{Kt lwtf] jf hdfgt lnO{ nufgL ug]{,
-y_ sf]ifsf] C0f afFsLdf s'g} ;+:yfsf] hfoh]yf sf]ifnfO{ k|fKt ePdf ;f]
hfoh]yfsf] ;b'kof]u ug{ sf]if cfkm}n] jf c? s'g} ;+:yf;Fu ldnL ;f] ;+:yfsf]
;~rfng ug]{ jf gofF ;+:yf ;+:yfkgf ug]{,
-b_ lgj[lQe/0f, :jf:Yo aLdf nufotsf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] tf]lsPsf] If]qdf sf]if
cfkm}n] jf cGo s'g} ;+:yf;Fusf] ;xsfo{df lgj[lQe/0f sf]if, :jf:Yo aLdf,
;fdflhs ;'/Iff sf]if :yfkgf u/L ;~rfng ug{],
-w_ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yfn] sf]ifaf6 lnPsf] ;fk6L jf C0f efvfleq ga'emfPdf jf
sf]ifn] lwtf] jf hdfgtdf s'g} nufgL u/]sf]df P]g adf]lhd ;fFjf Aofh c;'nL
ug{] / sf]ifdf /x]sf] ;DalGwt JolQmsf] ;l~rt /sd jf lwtf] ;'/If0faf6
c;'nL x'g g;s]df To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfsf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] cGo rn crn
;DklQaf6 c;'nL ug{],
-g_ ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] zt{df sd{rf/L jf :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ ;fk6L lbg],
-k_ sf]ifsf] ;'/IffnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ sd{rf/Lsf]
lxtsf] s'g} sfd ug]{,
-km_ sf]ifn] sd{rf/L tyf :j/f]huf/df ;+nUg JolQmsf] clwstd nfe tyf lxt
clej[l4 x'g] u/L ;dflhs ;'/Iff jf sNof0fsf/L sfo{ ug{],
-a_ o; P]g cGtu{t ug'{ kg]{ sfd ubf{ kl/cfPsf] c? ;a} sfd ug]{ .

!(s= c;"n pk/ ug]{ M -!_ ;~rostf{sf] dfl;s kfl/>lds /sdaf6 sf]ifdf hDdf ug]{ k|of]hgsf]
nflu s§f u/]sf] /sd / ;f] /sddf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd yk x'g] /sd ;d]t sf]ifdf hDdf
ul/lbg' kg]{ lhDd]jf/L /x]sf] sd{rf/Ln] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodfjnL adf]lhd
sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ug{ gk7fPsf] kfOPdf To:tf] sd{rf/Laf6 sf]ifn] ;~rostf{sf] sf]ifdf
hDdf x'g' kg]{ /sd / ;f] /sddf sf]ifaf6 kfpg] Aofh ;d]tsf] lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg] Psd'i6
/sd ;DalGwt ;~rostf{sf] sf]ifsf] vftfdf hDdf ug{ sf]ifn] cjlw tf]sL ;DalGwt
sd{rf/LnfO{ cfb]z lbg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq ;DalGwt sd{rf/Ln] ;~rostf{sf] /sd
sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

 gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

20
 www.lawcommission.gov.np

-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq ;~rostf{sf] /sd sf]ifdf hDdf gu/]df
o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sf]ifn] To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] gfddf /x]sf]
sf]ifsf] vftfsf] /sdaf6 c;"n pk/ u/L ;~rostf{sf] vftfdf hDdf ul/lbg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd c;"n ubf{ ;~rostf{sf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd c;'n pk/ x'g
g;s]df sf]ifn] To:tf] sd{rf/Lsf] cGo rn crn ;DklQaf6 ;/sf/L afFsL ;/x c;'n
pk/ u/L ;~rostf{sf] vftfdf hDdf ul/lbg]5 .

!(v= nufgL k|j4{g ;ldlt M -!_ sf]ifsf] /sd ;'/lIft tyf a9L k|ltkmn k|fKt x'g] If]qdf nufgL
ug{sf] lgldQ nfugL gLlt lgwf{/0f u/L ;ldltdf ;'emfa k]z ug{ sf]ifdf Pp6f nufgL
k|j4{g ;ldlt /xg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltdf b]xfosf ;b:ox? /xg] 5g\ M–
-s_ sf]ifsf] k|zf;s – cWoIf
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;]jfdf sfo{/t cy{ lj1x?af6
g]kfn ;/sf/n] dgf]lgt u/]sf] Pshgf – ;b:o
-u_ lqe'jg ljZjljBfno tyf ;fj{hlgs jf lghL
If]qaf6 nfugL k|j4{g If]qdf ljz]if 1fg tyf
cg'ej ePsf JolQmx?dWo] g]kfn ;/sf/n]
dgf]gLt u/]sf] b'O{hgf – ;b:o

-3_ ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] sf]ifsf] clws[t sd{rf/L
Pshgf – ;b:o–;lrj
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd dgf]gLt ;b:ox?sf] kbfjlw tLg jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg To;/L dgf]gLt ePsf]
;b:ox?nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] h'g;'s} avt x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ nufgL k|j4{g ;ldltsf cWoIf tyf ;b:ox?n] nufgL k|j4{g ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf dfu lnP afkt kfpg] a}7s eQf ;ldltn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-^_ k|zf;sn] cfjZsotfcg';f/ nufgL k|j4{g ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg]5 .


5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

cf7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

21
 www.lawcommission.gov.np

-&_ nufgL k|j4{g ;ldltsf] a}7s ;DaGwL cGo s'/fx? nufgL k|j4{g ;ldlt
cfkm}n] lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@)= lgif]w ul/Psf sfdx¿ M sf]ifn] b]xfosf sfdx¿ ug{ lgif]w ul/Psf]5 M–
-s_ ;ldltsf s'g} ;+rfnsnfO{ of] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿ adf]lhd lbg] lng]
afx]s / sf]ifsf] sfdsf] lgldQ b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQfsf] l;nl;nfdf lbg] k]ZsL
afx]s s'g} lwtf] hdfgt lnO{ jf glnO{ sf]ifaf6 ;fk6L lbg,
u'7Lsf] hfoh]yf z]if hdfgt lnO{ C0f lbg,

t/ sf]ifsf] cGo ;+rfostf{ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ lbP ;/xsf] C0f ;fk6L
;+rfnsnfO{ lbg o; Joj:yfn] s'g} afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

-v_ =====================

===============
kl/R5]b –$
lx;fa lstfa / To;sf] hfFr

@!= jflif{s lx;faM dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrf / t/Lsf cg';f/ k|To]s ;fn tdfd
ePsf] g} dlxgfleq cWoIf, s'g} ;+rfns jf k|zf;s / d'Vo clws[tsf] ;xL k/]sf] /
dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] jf;nft / jflif{s gfkmf gf]S;fgsf] ljj/0f sf]ifn] g]kfn
;/sf/df k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

@@= jflif{s k|ltj]bgM k|To]s jif{ ;fn tdfd ePsf] gf} dlxgf leq sf]ifn] cfˆgf]] jif{e/sf]
sfdsfh af/]sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/df k]z ug]{5 .

@#= sf]ifsf] n]vf / n]vfk/LIf0fM -!_ sf]ifsf] n]vf sf]ifsf] /fo lnO{ g]kfnsf] dxfn]vf k/LIfsn]
tf]lslbPsf] 9fFrfdf /flvg]5 .
-@_ sf]ifsf] n]vfk/LIf0f g]kfnsf] dxfn]vf k/LIfsaf6 x'g]5 .

cf7f}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

5}7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .

gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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-#_ n]vfk/LIf0f ;lsP kl5 b]xfosf] s'/f v'nfOPsf] k|ltj]bg Ps k|lt sf]ifnfO{ /
Ps k|lt g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ lbg' kg]{5M–
-s_ sf]ifn] tof/ u/]sf] nfe xfgLsf] vftfdf kfg'{kg]{ s'/fx¿ k/]sf] 5,
5}g / ;f] vftfn] sf]ifsf] oyfy{ cfly{s cj:yf JoQm u5{, ub}{g,
-v_ lx;fa of] P]g adf]lhd lgoldt 5, 5}g / ;f]wgL ul/Psf s'/fdf
;Gtf]ifhgs pQ/ kfPsf] 5 5}g .
-$_ n]vfk/LIf0fsf] l;nl;nfdf dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] x]g{ rfx]sf] ;a} n]vf ;f]w]sf] ;a} hjfkm lbO{
;xof]u ug'{ sf]ifsf] k|To]s ;+rfns / sd{rf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .

@#s= n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt M -!_ cfly{s cg'zf;g / cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL sfod ug{ sf]ifdf Ps
n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldlt /xg] 5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ;ldltsf] u7g, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b–%
ljljw
@$= cg';Gwfgsf] Joj:yfM sd{rf/Lx¿sf] cfly{s l:yltdf ;'wf/ Nofpgsf] lgldQ sf]ifn]
cg';Gwfgsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 / o;/L cg';Gwfgaf6 k|fKt ePsf tYofÍdf sf]ifn]
cfˆgf]] /fo ;dfj]z u/L g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ ;Sg]5 .

@%= d'gfkmf /sd ljleGg sf]ifx¿ v8f u/L hDdf ug{ ;lsg]M -!_ sf]ifn] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf]
cGTodf afFsL /xg cfPsf] d'gfkmf /sdaf6 tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] /sd tf]lsP adf]lhd
hu]8f sf]if, sNof0fsf/L sf]if, lgj[Qe/0f sf]if jf To:t} lsl;dsf cGo sf]ifx¿ v8f u/L
hDdf ug]{ Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd v8f ePsf sf]ifx¿df hDdf ePsf] d'gfkmfsf] /sd vr{
ug]{ k|lqmof / To:tf sf]ifx¿ ;+rfng ;DaGwL cGo sfo{ljlw tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

 gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

cf7f}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

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@^= xfgL gf]S;fgL af/] clwsf/Lx¿sf] arfp M sf]ifsf] k|zf;s, ;xfos k|zf;s, ;+rfns,
clws[t jf c¿ sd{rf/Lx¿n] of] P]g adf]lhd sfdsfh ubf{ a]OdfgL lrtfPsf] jf hfgL
hfgL a]lx;fa u/]sf] /x]g5 eg] lghx¿sf] sfdsfhaf6 kg{ cfPsf] s'g} xfgL gf]S;fgLsf]
lgldQ lghx¿ JolQmut tj/n] hjfkmb]xL x'g]5}g .
@&= lj36gM s'g} sf/0faf6 sf]ifnfO{ lj36g ug'{k5{ eGg] ;ldltnfO{ nfu]df To;sf] sf/0f
v'nfO{ ;ldltn] g]kfn ;/sf/df k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ k5{ To:tf] k|ltj]bg k/]kl5 g]kfn
;/sf/n] sf]ifsf] ;a} bfloTj cfkm"n] axg u/L sf]ifnfO{ lj36g ug{ ;Sg]5 . lj36g ug]{
t/Lsf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

@*= sf]ifsf] ;+rfns, k|zf;s / cGo sd{rf/L pk/ k|ltaGw M sf]ifsf] ;+rfns, k|zf;s tyf
cGo sd{rf/Lx¿n] sf]if;+u 7]Ssf k§f lng jf To:tf] 7]Ssf k§fdf ;f´]bf/ x'g kfpg]
5}g .
:ki6Ls/0fM b]xfosf] cj:yfdf pk/f]Qm kbflwsf/L tyf sd{rf/Lx¿ 7]Ssf k§fdf
;f´]bf/ ePsf] dflgg]5M–
-s_ sf]if;+u s'g} 7]Ssf k§fdf lghsf] cfˆg} tkm{af6 jf cfkm" d]g]lhª 8fO/]S6/
jf Ph]G6 /x]sf] sDkgLsf] tkm{af6 lghsf] gfd ;f´]bf/sf] ¿kdf ;lDdlnt
ePsf]df, jf
-v_ sf]if;Fu x'g] 7]Ssf k§fsf] ;f´]bf/ ePsf] s'g} kmd{ jf k|fO{e]6 lnld6]8
sDkgLdf lgh z]o/ xf]N8f/ eO{ /fv]sf]df .
@(= b08 ;hfoM -!_ of] P]g cGtu{t sf]ifdf /x]sf] s'g} sfuhftdf s;}n] hfgL hfgL ´'¶f
Joxf]/f kf/]df jf hfgL hfgL kfg{ nfufPdf ;f] JolQmnfO{ @ jif{ ;Dd sb} jf ¿= b'O{xhf/

;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 / ;f] JolQmsf] pQm sfdaf6 sf]ifnfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL
x'g uPsf] /x]5 eg] To;/L xfgL gf]S;fgL k/]sf] /sd ;d]t lghaf6 sf]ifnfO{ e/fO{g]5 .


t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

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
-@_ sf]ifsf] ;+rfns, k|zf;s jf cGo sd{rf/Ln] bkmf @* ljk/Lt sf]if;+u 7]Ssf
k§f lnPdf jf 7]Ssf k§fdf ;f´]bf/ ePdf lghnfO{ b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b jf kfFrxhf/
¿k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .

-#_ s'g} JolQmn] dxfn]vf k/LIfsaf6 v6fOPsf] n]vf k/LIfsnfO{ lghsf]
sfdsfhdf afwf lj/f]w u/]df jf lghn] sfg"g adf]lhd dfu]sf] sfuh kq / ;"rgf
s'g} dgfl;a sf/0fljgf glbPdf lghnfO{ ¿= !))) Ps xhf/;Dd hl/afgf x'g]5 .

-$_ ;~rostf{sf] /sd sf]ifdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{ lhDd]jf/L /x]sf] sd{rf/Ln]
To:tf] /sd sf]ifdf hDdf gu/]sf] kfOPdf To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;~rostf{sf] sf]ifdf
hDdf x'g'kg]{ /sd / ;f] /sddf sf]ifaf6 kfpg] Aofh ;d]tsf] lx;fa u/L x'g cfpg]
Psd'i6 /sd a/fa/sf] /sd hl/afgf x'g]5 .

-%_ sf]ifn] ;~rostf{sf] /sd sf]ifdf hDdf gug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ pkbkmf -$_
df plNnlvt hl/afgfsf cltl/Qm k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ljefuLo sf/afxLsf nflu
clVtof/jfnf ;dIf n]vL k7fpg]5 .

@(s= sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg] ;DaGwL Joj:yf M -!_ sf]if;F+u s'g} 7]Ssf lnPsf] jf s'g} klg lsl;dsf]
7]Ssfk§fdf lx:;]bf/ ePsf] jf sf]ifn] nufgL u/]sf] jf sf]ifaf6 C0f lnPsf] s'g} JolQm jf
;Ël7t ;+:yfn] sf]ifnfO{ s'g} xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPdf jf sf]ifnfO{ ltg{ a'emfpg kg{] afFsL
ga'emfPdf To:tf] JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ sf]ifn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVgsf]
nflu clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfo;dIf n]vL k7fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd sf]ifaf6 n]vL cfPdf ;DalGwt lgsfon] To:tf] JolQm jf
;Ël7t ;+:yfnfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg' kg{]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf /flvPsf] JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ sf]ifn] ;f]
sfnf] ;"rLaf6 x6]sf] b'O{ jif{;Dd s'g} C0f lbg], 7]Ssfk§f lbg] jf lx:;]bf/ agfpg] jf s'g}
lsl;dsf] nufgL ug{] 5}g .


t];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
 gjf}+ ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

Gofo k|zf;g ;'wf/ -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)$# åf/f vf/]h .

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#)= lgodx¿ agfpg] clwsf/M -!_ of] P]gsf] p2]Zo k"/f ug{ ;ldltn] lgodx¿ agfpg
;Sg]5 . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t ge} tL lgodx¿ nfu" x'g] 5}gg\ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf s'g} k|lts"n k|efj gkg]{ u/L
vf; u/]/ b]xfosf ;a} jf s]xL ljifox¿df lgodx¿ agfpg ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ ;ldltn] ug]{ sfdsf] t/Lsf / ;ldltsf] ;efsf] sfo{ljlw af/],
-v_ ;ldltn] k|zf;snfO{ / k|zf;sn] cfkm" d'lgsf clws[t / c¿
sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ clVtof/L ;'Dkg] af/],
-u_ sf]ifsf clws[t / c¿ sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm, k|df]zg, ;¿jf,
avf{;L, tna, eQf, lgj[Qe/0f, pkbfg, labf, cfr/0f, cg'zf;g
;d]t ;]jfsf zt{x¿ / u7g af/],
-3_ k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gsf] k|lts"n gkg]{ u/L sf]if tkm{af6 ul/g] k§f
sa'lnot ;DaGwL zt{x¿ af/],
-ª_ sf]ifsf] 5fk agfpg] sfo{ljlw af/],

-r_ ===================
-5_ kl/rokq x/fPsf], RofltPsf] jf c:ki6 x'g] u/L wldlnPsf] jf
d]l6Psf]df sd{rf/LnfO{ gofF kl/rokq lbg] af/],
-h_ sf]ifn] nufgL ug]{ af/], /
-´_ ;fwf/0ftM sf]ifn] of] P]g cGtu{t ug'{ kg]{ ;a} sfd sfhsf]
;'Joj:yf ug]{ af/] .

#)s= ljlgod agfpg] clwsf/M of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgod lak/Lt gx'g] u/L sf]ifn]
cfjZos ljlgodx¿ agfpg ;Sg]5 .

#)v= arfpM e"ld ;DaGwL P]g, @)@! df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg sf]ifn] cfjf;
kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ k|fKt u/]sf] hUufsf] ;DaGwdf clwstd xbaGbL nfu" x'g] 5}g .

;ftf}+ ;+zf]wg4/f l´lsPsf] .

kfFrf}F ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

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#!= c¿ g]kfn sfg"g;Fu afl´Pdf ug]{M k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"gdf h'g ;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
ePtfklg of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿df n]lvPsf]df ;f]xL adf]lhd /
c¿df k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .

#@= ======================


g]kfn P]gx¿ ;+zf]wg ug]{, / k'gM Jojl:yt u/L rfn" /fVg] P]g, @)!( åf/f l´lsPsf] .
b|i6JoM
!= sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if -rf}yf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)#) åf/f d"n P]gsf] cg';"rL vf/]h ePsf] .
@= g]kfn sfg"g -;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)@$ åf/f ¿kfGt/ ePsf zAbx¿M–
-s_ æclkm;/Æ sf] ;§f æclws[tÆ
-v_ æk]G;gÆ sf] ;§f ælga[Qe/0fÆ
-u_ æuh]6Æ sf] ;§f æ/fhkqÆ
#= s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# adf]lhd ¿kfGt/ ePsf zAbx¿M–
æ>L % sf] ;/sf/Æ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æg]kfn ;/sf/Æ .

27