Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

General Description Features

The AP3710 is a green-mode PWM controller, its main
applications are low power supplies such as offline
battery chargers, adapters, STB and other auxiliary
supplies, where the needs for low no load power, low
total cost and high reliability are all required.
The functional blocks of AP3710 include: under volt-
age lockout with low start-up current; precise voltage
reference for internal comparators; PWM comparator
with current limit control, feedback signal and band-
gap input; short circuit comparator and open circuit
protection for opto-coupler.
The AP3710 operates at a fixed 60kHz switching fre-
quency, its output connects to the emitter of high volt-
age NPN transistor or the source of MOSFET. In
normal mode, it works as a switch to turn on or turn off
the external transistor. In failure modes like open loop,
over voltage or overload due to short circuit, the chip
enters into an auto restart mode controlled by the inter-
nal protection unit.
The AP3710 is available in SOIC-8 and DIP-8 pack-
ages.
· Current Mode Control with Skip Cycle Capability
· Low Start-up Current: 0.25 mA
· Low Operating Current: 0.45mA
· Output Current Capacity: 900 mA
· Fixed Switching Frequency: 60 kHz
· Frequency Dithering for Low EMI
· Under-Voltage Lockout with Hysteresis
· Built-in Slope Compensation
· Short Circuit Protection
· Open and Short Circuit Protection for Opto-
Coupler
· Maximum Input Power is 0.2W under No Load
· Maximum Input Power is 1W under 0.5W Load
· Low Total Cost Solution
Applications
· Adapters
· Battery Chargers
· Set Top Boxes
· Auxiliary Supplies
· DVD

SOIC-8 DIP-8

Figure 1. Package Types of AP3710

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Pin Configuration

M/P Package
(SOIC-8/DIP-8)

GND 1 8 NC
VCC 2 7 VA
NC 3 6 NC
OUT 4 5 VSEN

Figure 2. Pin Configuration of AP3710 (Top View)

Pin Description

Pin Number Pin Name Function

1 GND Power supply ground
2 VCC The power supply of the IC and this terminal is also used for the feedback control
3, 6, 8 NC Not connected
The PWM output is directly connected to the emitter of NPN transistor or the source
4 OUT
of MOSFET
It is used for line voltage compensation, and PWM uses this to terminate the output
5 VSEN
switch conduction
It is used for short circuit protection, and this terminal will be pulled down to low
7 VA
level when short circuit happens at the load side

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LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Functional Block Diagram

2 START-UP 4
VCC CURRENT OUT
SOURCE
UVLO
COMPARATOR BIAS
VREF
(1.2V)
-
OSCILLATOR
+
PWM
COMPARATOR
FB DRIVER
5
+
PWM
VSEN - CONTROL
VREF
(1.2V)
-

DISCHARGE
COMPARATOR SLOP
COMPENSATION 7
VA
+ DISCHARGE
_ LOGIC
VREF
(1.2V)
1
GND

Figure 3. Functional Block Diagram of AP3710

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Ordering Information
AP3710 -

Circuit Type E1: Lead Free

G1: Green

Package TR: Tape and Reel

M: SOIC-8 Blank: Tube
P: DIP-8

Switching Temperature Part Number Marking ID

Package Packing Type
Frequency Range Lead Free Green Lead Free Green
AP3710M-E1 AP3710M-G1 3710M-E1 3710M-G1 Tube
SOIC-8 60kHz -40 to 85oC
AP3710MTR-E1 AP3710MTR-G1 3710M-E1 3710M-G1 Tape & Reel
DIP-8 60kHz -40 to 85oC AP3710P-E1 AP3710P-G1 AP3710P-E1 AP3710P-G1 Tube

BCD Semiconductor's Pb-free products, as designated with "E1" suffix in the part number, are RoHS compliant. Products with
"G1" suffix are available in green packages.

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

Parameter Value Unit

Supply Voltage -0.3 to 6.3 V

Voltage at OUT -0.3 to 40 V

Analog Input at VSEN -0.3 to 6.3 V

Output Current at OUT Internally limited A

Power Dissipation 0.6 W

Operating Junction Temperature 150 o

C

Storage Temperature -65 to 150 oC

Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10s) 300 o

C

ESD (Machine Model) 250 V

ESD (Human Body Model) 3000 V

Note 1: Stresses greater than those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device.
These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated
under "Recommended Operating Conditions" is not implied. Exposure to "Absolute Maximum Ratings" for extended periods
may affect device reliability.
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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Electrical Characteristics
(VCC=4V, TJ=25oC, unless otherwise specified.)
Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit
UVLO SECTION
Turn on Threshold Voltage VCC (on) 5.30 5.60 5.90 V
Turn off Threshold Voltage VCC (off) 3.4 3.65 3.90 V
Discharge Voltage VDIS 2.7 2.9 3.1 V
STANDBY CURRENT SECTION
Start-up Current IST VCC=4V 0.25 0.4
mA
Operating Current ICC(opr) 0.45 0.7
VCC Zener Voltage VZ ICC=10mA 6.5 7 7.5 V
Dynamic Impedance RVCC VCC=3.8 to 4.8V (Note 2) 10 18 30 kΩ
INTERNAL OSCILLATOR
Switching Frequency FSW (Note 3) 50 60 70 kHz
Frequency Dithering ±2 ±3.5 ±5 kHz
Temperature Stability -40 to 85oC 5 %
DRIVE OUTPUT SECTION
OUT Turn-on Voltage VOUT(on) 7.6 9.3 11 V
OUT Turn-off Voltage VOUT(off) 5.7 6.8 7.9 V
Rise Time TR CL=1nF, 15Ω pull-up 60
ns
Fall Time TF CL=1nF, 15Ω pull-up 30
Maximum Duty Cycle DMAX VCC(off) + 0.2V 68 75 82
%
Minimum Duty Cycle VCC=VCC (on)-0.2V 3 5
Driver OUT On-Resistance ROUT IOUT=0.7A 3 5 Ω
Switch Off Current (OUT) Driver off, VOUT=10V 20 40 μA
Effective Current Limit ILIM VCC=VCC(off)+0.5V 800 900 mA
OUT Current Coefficient GA -0.6 A/V
CURRENT SECTION
Maximum Input Signal VSEN 0.9 1.0 1.1 V

Note 2: Guaranteed by design, not tested in production.

Note 3: The fixed oscillation frequency, the frequency jittering is not included.

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
1N5819

L + C2
R 70μH 100μF/50V
100Ω/3W C1
+
100μF/50V VIN =10V
+ 27V Zener _

OUT GND

AP3710

C3
VCC 2200pF

VCC=VCC(off)+0.5V

Figure 4. The Test Circuit for Current Limit

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Typical Performance Characteristics

400
680

640 360

600
Operating Current (μA)

320
560

Start-up Current (μA)

280
520

480 240

440
200
400
160
360

320 120

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
o
Ambient Temperature ( C) o
Ambient Temperature ( C)

Figure 5. Operating Current vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 6. Start-up Current vs. Ambient Temperature

500 70

68
400
66
Start-up Current (μA)

Switching Frequency (KHz)

300 64

62

200
60

100 58

56

0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

1 2 3 4 5 o
Ambient Temperature ( C)
VCC Voltage (V)

Figure 7. Start-up Current vs. VCC Voltage Figure 8. Switching Frequency vs. Ambient Temperature

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LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

1.10 3.10

3.05
1.05

3.00
Normalized Current Limit

Discharge Voltage (V)

1.00
2.95

0.95 2.90

2.85
0.90

2.80
0.85
2.75

0.80 2.70
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
o o
Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C)

Figure 9. Normalized Current Limit Figure 10. Discharge Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature
vs. Ambient Temperature

4.0 5.5

3.8
Turn on Threshold Voltage (V)

3.6 5.4

3.4
On Resistance (Ω)

3.2 5.3

3.0

2.8 5.2

2.6

2.4 5.1

2.2

2.0 5.0
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
o o
Ambient Temperature ( C) Ambient Temperature ( C)

Figure 11. On Resistance vs. Ambient Temperature Figure 12. Turn on Voltage vs. Ambient Temperature

Aug. 2008 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

VIN
Function Description Rectified AC
VO

1. UVLO and Start up Circuit

The AP3710's turn on threshold voltage is 5.6V and its D6
turn off threshold voltage is 3.65V, so the UVLO R2+R3
R5
hysteresis voltage is 1.95V, which helps AP3710 to R13
draw adequate energy to supply VCC terminal during Q1
APT13003 R14
start-up. Please see Figure 13 for UVLO chart. U3 R16 C7
D6 PC817
R8

R6
ICC: Supply Current (μA)

U2
OUT VSEN R7
AZ431 R16

VA VCC +
C5
+ GND
C4
C6
Turn off Turn on
U1
AP3710

3.65 5.6 Figure 14. The Start-up

VCC: Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 13. 5.6/3.65V UVLO
Threshold of AP3710
The VCC terminal in Figure 3 is used for both bias
supply and feedback control. When AP3710 is
powered on, the start-up current source turns on and it
can not turn off until VCC level increases to its
threshold value and PWM pulse is produced.
Circuit of Typical Application
In start-up section of typical application shown by
Figure 14, the rectified line voltage VIN charges the
capacitor C4 through start-up resistor R2+R3 until Q1
is turned on so OUT terminal can directly drive
external Q1, a MOSFET inside AP3710 is connected
in series with the Q1.
Once the start-up is set up, the auxiliary bias winding
will supply the VCC terminal enough operating
current. The start-up sequence is shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15. Power up Waveforms

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LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Function Description (Continued)
2. VCC/Feedback Control
In Figure 14, an opto-coupler and secondary constant
voltage consists of voltage feedback network. Voltage
feedback loop consists of shunt regulator AZ431 and
FB/VCC terminal of AP3710. When load is heavy, the
voltage on VCC terminal will decrease to enlarge duty
cycle; on the contrary, if load drops, the voltage on
VCC will increase to reduce duty cycle.
5. Current Limit Control
The AP3710 employs current mode control to
improve transient response and voltage stability. In
Figure 3, the external inductor current through the
OUT pin is converted to a voltage by an internal
resistor, and this voltage will participate to control
duty cycle and peak inductor current.

3. Skip Cycle Mode Operation 6. Frequency Dithering

The AP3710 enters skip cycle mode when load power Frequency dithering is performed by periodically
drops below a given level, and this is performed by spreading a single switching frequency into adjacent
sensing the VCC voltage level, i.e., the heavier load frequency band, so the peak energy is spread. This
power, the lower VCC voltage level. In normal technique can improve EMI performance by reducing
operation, the VCC terminal indicates a peak both quasi peak and average EMI emissions.
inductance current under certain load power. If the
load power decreases, VCC voltage level increases to
ask for less peak current. When it reaches a
determined value, the IC prevents the current from
decreasing further down and starts to blank the output
pulses, the IC then enters the skip cycle mode
operation. Figure 16 is the sketch for the two operation
mode.
Normal
PWM
Waveform

Cycle Skip
Waveform

0 t

Figure 16. Skip Cycle and Normal PWM Waveform

Figure 17. Frequency Dither Influences
the Switching Cycle
4. Slope Compensation
The AP3710 is current mode PWM controller, and it
regulates peak inductance current by its current
control loop. It is known that a continuous conduction
mode SMPS may induce noise and harmonic
oscillation on current sense or feedback signal, and
this is especially serious when duty cycle exceeds
50%. The internal slope compensation of AP3710 can
improve power supply stability by increasing the
current slope.

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Function Description (Continued)
7. Short Circuit Protection From From
Internal short circuit control can protect a SMPS from VCC UVLO

being damaged when short circuit at its output Discharge VA

Comparator
happens.
Discharge
Logic
In Figure 18, when VCC drops below its turn off
VREF
threshold value, the UVLO comparator's output will 1.2V
control the Discharge Logic to pull VA terminal to low
level, and the low level is kept before the VCC voltage
drops below the threshold value of discharge compara-
tor. Then the system will re-startup from C4 charging Figure 18. Short Circuit Protection Block
again and the same process will repeat indefinitely.
The long start-up period makes the input power low
enough to ensure the whole system in safety under
output short circuit condition.

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Typical Application
R1 D1-D4 R11 C11
L2 T1 12V/1A
EE16 L3 L4
VO+
+ D8 + +
F1 + R9 R4 C3 C8 C9 ZD2
J1
AC 85-264V C1 C2
VO-
R2
D7

D5

R3

R5
R13

R14
Q1 U3 R15 C7
D6
R8

R6

R7 U2
OUT VSEN R16

+
VA VCC C5
+
C4 GND
C10
C6

U1

Figure 19. 12V/1A Adapter

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Bill of Materials for Figure 19

Designator Part Type Designator Part Type

R1 Resistor, NTC Resistor, 5Ω C1, C2 Electrolytic Capacitor, 10 μF/400V, φ10
R2, R3 Resistor, 1MΩ, 1206 C3 Capacitor, 2200pF, d=5mm
R4 Resistor, 68kΩ, 1206 C4, C5 Capacitor, 10μF, d=4.5mm
R5 Resistor, 3Ω, 0805 C6 Capacitor, 22nF, 0805
R6 Resistor, 200Ω, 0805 C7 Capacitor, 0.47μF, 0805
R7 Resistor, 2kΩ, 0805 C8 Electrolytic Capacitor, 1000μF
R8 Resistor, 5.1MΩ, SIP C9 Electrolytic Capacitor, 220μF
R9, R15, R16 Resistor, 3kΩ, 0805 C10 Y Capacitor, 2200pF
R11 Resistor, 15 Ω, 1206 C11 Capacitor, 1nF, 0805
R13 Resistor, 1kΩ, 0805 L2 Inductor, 300μH/0.3A
R14 Resistor, 11.4kΩ, 0805 L4 Inductor, 100μH/1A
T1 Transformer, EE-20
D1 to D4 Diode, 1N4007, DO-41 ZD2 Zener, 13V/1W
D5, D6 Diode, 1N4148, LL-34 Q1 Transistor, APT13003E, TO-126
D7 Diode, FR107, DO-15 U1 IC, AP3710
D8 Diode, 3100, DO-201 U3 Opto-coupler, PC817, DIP-4

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 Data Sheet

LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Mechanical Dimensions

SOIC-8 Unit: mm(inch)

4.700(0.185) 0.320(0.013)
5.100(0.201) 1.350(0.053)
7°
1.750(0.069)
8°

7° 8°
0.675(0.027)
D
0.725(0.029) 5.800(0.228)
1.270(0.050) 6.200(0.244)
TYP
D
20:1
0.100(0.004) φ 0.800(0.031)
R0.150(0.006)

0.300(0.012)
0.200(0.008)

0°
8°
1.000(0.039)
3.800(0.150)
4.000(0.157)

0.190(0.007) 1°
0.330(0.013) 0.250(0.010) 5°
0.510(0.020)
0.900(0.035) R0.150(0.006)
0.450(0.017)
0.800(0.031)

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LOW POWER PWM CONTROLLER FOR OFF-LINE ADAPTER AP3710

Mechanical Dimensions (Continued)

DIP-8 Unit: mm(inch)

0.700(0.028)
7.620(0.300)TYP
1.524(0.060) TYP
5°
6° 6°

3.200(0.126)
3.710(0.146) 3.600(0.142)
4.310(0.170) 4°
4°

0.510(0.020)MIN
3.000(0.118)
3.600(0.142)

0.204(0.008)
0.254(0.010)TYP 0.360(0.014)
0.360(0.014) 2.540(0.100) TYP 8.200(0.323)
0.560(0.022) 9.400(0.370)
0.130(0.005)MIN

6.200(0.244)
R0.750(0.030) 6.600(0.260)

Φ3.000(0.118)
Depth
0.100(0.004)
0.200(0.008)
9.000(0.354)
9.400(0.370)

Aug. 2008 Rev. 1. 3 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

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 BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited

http://www.bcdsemi.com

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cations herein. BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited does not assume any responsibility for use of any its products for any
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of any its products or circuits. BCD Semiconductor Manufacturing Limited does not convey any license under its patent rights or
other rights nor the rights of others.

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