The major events of Maki Life

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was born in Makah, Arabia, on Monday, 12

or 9 Rabi Al-Awal (20th April A.D. 571).  
 
He belongs to Quraish tribe and Banu Hashim Family. 
 
His mother’s name is Amina
 
The people of Makah sent their children to the country-side. Prophet
Muhammad PBUH was also sent to the country-side. A lady by the name
of Halima took him into her care, who belongs to Banu Saad tribe.
Prophet Muhammad PBUH stayed with Halima for four years. (A.D. 575) 
 
Prophet Muhammad PBUH stayed with his mother only for two years. His
mother died at Abwa when he was six years old. (A.D. 577) 

His grandfather Abdul Muttalib took him in his care. Two years later, his
grandfather was passed away, when Prophet Muhammad PBUH was at
age of eight. (A.D. 579) 

 
Muhammad PBUH accompanied his uncle Abu Talib on a mercantile
journey to Syria when he was twelve years old. Christian monk Buhaira
met Muhammad PBUH at Busra during this journey. He looked at
Muhammad PBUH and told Abu Talib that he is indeed the final Prophet
(A.D. 583) .

When Muhammad PBUH was twenty-five years old, he traveled once

more to Syria to carry the business of Khadijah, with her slave Maysarah.
During this journey, they met another Christian monk by the name of
Nastoorah. He also bore testimony to his prophet hood (A.D. 596). 

 
Khadijah wished to marry with Prophet Muhammad PBUH due to his
honesty and truthfulness. When they married, Prophet Muhammad PBUH
was twenty-five years old and sayidah Khadijah was forty years old (A.D.
596). This marriage lasted for 25 years and 2 months. Prophet
Muhammad PBUH did not marry any other woman during her lifetime.
From sayidah Khadijah, Prophet had 4 daughters and 2 sons. 
 
Names of Prophet Muhammad’s children were: (1) Syeda Zainab  
(2) Syeda Umm-e-Kulthoom   (3) Syeda Ruqayya   (4) Syeda Fatima   (5)
Syed Qasim   (6) Syed Tahir. Prophet Muhammad another son by the
name of Ibrahim, who was born from Mariya Qibtiyya.

At the age of thirty: At the instigation of the faithful Muhammad PBUH,

an old league called the Federation of Fudul. (A.D. 601) 

Muhammad PBUH settled by his judgment a grave dispute in rebuilding

the Sacred House of the Ka’ba, when he was thirty-five years old. (A.D.
606) 
 
Allah had chosen him as Prophet when He was in the cave of Hira in the
month of Ramadan. Jibrael recited verses from Iqra (Surah Alaq). Prophet
Muhammad PBUH was forty years old when this happened. (A.D. 611) 

 
Waraqa bin Naufal, cousin of Khadijah, who was learned in the Christian
and Jewish books, confirmed that Muhammad PBUH is the Prophet of
Allah. 

 
Sayida Khadijah was the first person (woman) to accept Islam, Hazrat Abu
Bakr was the first person (Male) to accept Islam,
Hazrat Ali Ibn Talib was the first person (child) to accept Islam, Hazrat Zaid
bin Haarithah was the first person (freed Slave) to accept Islam. 

 
Following persons accepted Islam due to hidden preaching of Prophet
Muhammad PBUH: Hazrat Uthmaan, Hazrat Talha, Hazrat Zubair, Hazrat
Abdul Rahman, Hazrat Bilal, Hazrat Yaasir, Hazrat Sumayyah, Hazrat
Ammaar, Hazrat Abdullah Bin Masood and Hazrat Arqam. This hidden
preaching lasts for three years. (A.D. 611-614) 

After three years, Prophet Muhammad PBUH climbed mount Safa and
called Quraish and invited his family to Islam. 
 
Prophet permitted his companions to migrate to Habsha . On 5th Rajab in
the fifth year after Nubuwwat about 15 or 16 companions migrated
Ethiopia. They were 11 men and 4 or 5 women. It was first migration to
Ethiopia. 83 men and 18 women went to Abyssinia by the permission of
Prophet Muhammad PBUH after the 7th year of Nubuwwat. This was the
second Hijrah in Islam. The king of Abyssinia was called Najashi. 

 
Kuffaar boycotted the Muslims and exiled them to a small section of
Makah called as Sa’ab Abhi Talib. Nobody was allowed to sell food them
or help them in anyway. For three years Muslims lived and suffered in
that place. It was happened after 7th year of Nubuwwat. 

 
After three years of hardship, Muslims were allowed to leave that section.
This cruel boycott had a bad effect on the health of Hazrat Khadijah and
Abu Talib. Both passed away shortly after the boycott.

 
Prophet Muhammad PBUH went to Ta’if in 10th year of Nubuwwat. The
people of Ta’if refused to accept Islam. Stones thrown at him and he was
chased out of the town. Bleeding and tired, he took shelter in the garden
of Utbah bin Rabi’ah. 

 
The journey of Mi’raaj took place after the 11th year of Nubuwwat.
Prophet Muhammad PBUH was taken from Makah to Masjid-e-Aqsa in
Jerusalem on the Burraaq. From Jerusalem, he went to seven heavens. He
met all the previous Prophets and Allah gave him five daily Prayers
(Salaah). This journey was took place in just one night.

 
A group of 6 people from Madinah tribe Khazraj (then called Yathrib) met
Prophet Muhammad PBUH secretly in a place called A’qabah. They
accepted Islam. 

 
Following year they brought a bigger group of 12 persons to accept Islam.
There were 10 from Khazraj and 2 from Ows. They invited Prophet
Muhammad PBUH to live in Madinah. This pledge is known as Bay’t-
ul-‘Aqabah Al-Ula.

 
Next year 70 men and 2 women came in Makkha on Hajj and accepted
Islam by preaching of Sayidina Mus’ab bin ‘Umair. Which was sent to
Madinah on request of people of Madinah to teach Qur’an and matters.
This pledge is known as Bay’t-ul-Aqabah Ath-Thaaniyah.
 
The Muslims of Makah were given permission to leave and settle in
Madinah.

13th year after Nubuwwat, Prophet Muhammad PBUH left Makah and
migrated to Madinah with Sayidina Abu Bakr. They went to the cave of
Thaur. They stayed in the cave for 3 days. Sayidina Abu Bakr’s son used to
inform them of what was happening in Makah at night and his daughter
would send food for them.
 
After 3 days staying in the cave both persons left for Madinah on Camels
brought by Abu Bakr’s slave Aamir bin Fuhairah on 4th Rabi-ul-Awwal. 
 
This event, of leaving Makah and going to Madinah, is known as the
Hijrah.
 
On the journey to madinah, Prophet Muhammad PBUH stayed in Quba
for 14 days. Quba was outskirts of madinah. He built the first Masjid of
Islam in the history.
 
Prophet Muhammad PBUH left for madinah on Friday, in the month of
Rabi-ul-Awal. Prophet Muhammad PBUH performed Jumuah prayer in the
area of Banu Saalim. The camel of Prophet Muhammad’s PBUH continued
walking and finally sat in front of the house of Sayidina Abu Ayyoob
Ansari. 
 
The place where the camel of Prophet Muhammad PBUH sat was
purchased and a Masjid was built on that spot which is called Masjid-e-
Nabwi.
 
Prophet Muhammad PBUH enter into a treaty with Jews of madinah
which was broken by Banu Qaynuqaa, Banu Nadheer, & Banur Quraizah
in 2nd year, 4th year and in 5th year repectively.
 
Adhan was started for calling the people to assemble at the time of
Salaah by rejecting the methods of Jews and christians.
 The Madni Life of Prophet PBUH

2 Hijrih:
In 2 Hijrih the command was given to face the Kaaba instead of facing
Baitul Maqdas during Prayer
Sariyyah or Expediti on of Abdullah bin Jahsh and the fi rst booty in
Islam took place in the same year 2 Hijrih.

The most signifi cant batt le of Badar fought in the same year on the
17th Ramazan, 2 Hijrih. Muslims were 313 while Non-muslims Quraish
were 1000. Abu Jahal was killed in this batt le by Mu’aaz and Mu’awwiz
two ansaari youngsters. 70 of the disbelievers were killed and 70 were
taken capti ve. Only  14 Sahabaah were martyred. 6 were from
muhajireen and 8 from ansaar.
Prophet’s daughter Sayyidah Ruqayya passed away.
Eid Salaah was performed for the fi rst ti me.
The command of Fasti ng in Ramadhan and Zakah was given in this year.
Sadqa-tul-Fitr, the Salaah of Eid-ul-Adha and Qurbani were all make
wajib in this year.
In Zul-Hijjah Hazrat Syeda Fati ma was married to Hazrat Ali.
3 Hijrih:
The batt le of Uhud took place on 7th Shawaal 3 Hijrih. The army of
disbelievers was three thousand while muslims were thousand and
Adbullah bin Ubayy and three hundred of his followers deserted the
muslims and returned to Madinah. The muslim army was left with only
seven hundred soldiers.Twenty two or twenty three disbelievers were
killed and seventy muslims martyred in this batt le.

Prophet married Sayyidah Hafsah and Sayyidah Zaynub.

Wine was made Haraam
Sayyidina Hasan was born
The batt le of Ghatafaan took place in Rabi-ul-Awwal. Du’thoor bin
Haarith Muhaaribi marched with an army of four hundred and fi ft y
soldiers to att ack Madinah. Prophet and his companions came out of
Madinah to confront him but they fl ed out of fear for the muslims and
hid in the mountains tops. 
4 Hijrih:
Incident of Bir-e-Ma’oonah happened in which a group of Prophet’s
companions were martyred by the tribes of A’amir, Ri’l, Zakwaan and
U’sayya. Planned by Abu Bara A’mir misled Prophet into believing that
if a group of companions were sent to Najd to preach Islam. Prophet
Muhammad PBUH sent a group of companiions to Najd in the month of
Safar 4 Hijrih. This group of companions consisted of many Ulama and
Quraa.

The birth of Sayyidina Hussain

Prophet married Sayyidah Umme Salmah
Prophet instructed Sayyidina Zaid bin Thabit to learn the Jewish
language (Hebrew)
5 Hijrih: 

Batt le of Khandaq (trench) or Batt le of Ahzaab (groups) took place in

Zil-Qa`dah 5 A.H. All the groups (Quraish of Makkah, the Jews and
Munafi qeen (Hypocrites)) gathered their forces and decided to att ack
Madinah. An army of ten thousand fi erce warriors, which later
doubled, marched towards Madinah to destroy the Muslims.
Sayyidina Salmaan Farsi suggested to make trenches around the city of
Madinah. Then Prophet Muhammad PBUH together with three
thousand companions prepared to dig these trenches which was 5
metres wide and 5 metres deep and about 8 kilometres long. It took
the 6 days to complete digging it.
The disbelievers placed Madinah under siege for almost fi ft een days.
The Banu Quraizah, whom the Muslims feared, sided with the
disbelievers and this increased their number.
Prophet missed his four prayers (Salaah) on one day when disbelievers
began throwing stones and shooti ng arrows at the muslims. Allah sent
a hurricane against the disbelievers that it uprooted their tents from
the ground and overturned their pots that were over the blazing fi re.
Banu Quraizah joined the disbelievers in the batt le of trench and broke
their agreement with Prophet, So aft er the batt le muslims att acked
them. They locked themselves in their fort for twenty-fi ve days.
6 Hijrih:
In the beginning of Zil-Qa’dah 6 A.H, Prophet Muhammad PBUH ti ed
ihram for Umrah and set out towards Makkah with a large group of
1400 companions. Prophet camped at Hudaybiyyah (name of a well
about 25.5km from Makkah) because disbelievers of Makkah didnot
allow muslims to perform Umrah. Prophet sent Sayyidina Uthmaan to
Makka to negociate with disbelievers but rumour spread that
disbelievers killed Sayyidina Uthmaan then Prophet took a pledge
(Bayt) for Jihad under an acacia tree, which is called Bay’at-ru-
Ridhwaan. Later on they learnt that this was only a rumour.  The
muslims and disbelievers agreed to sign a treaty. Allah releaved Surah
Fatah, wherein this treaty was termed as an open victory.

Sayyidina Khalid bin Waleed and A’mr bin A’as accepted Islaam.
Prophet sent lett ers to the kings of the world to preach and describe
the message of Islam. A’mr bin Umayya was sent to the king of Ethiopia
(Najashi, Ashumah). Dihya kalbi was sent to the emperor rome (Hiraql,
Hercules), Abdullah bin Hudhayfah was sent to the leader of Persia
(Kisrah), Haati b bin Abi Balta’a was sent to the leader of Egypt
(Maqowqas), A’mr bin A’as was sent to the leader of Oman.
7 Hijrih:

When Banu Nadheer was banished from Madinah because they has
broken their treaty with muslims, they sett led in Khaibar but sti ll
encouraging neighbouring tribes to fi ght against muslims. So in
Muharram or Jumadul-Ula Prophet with his six hundred companions
left for Khaibar. Allah grant the muslims victory and they gained
control over all the forts of the Jews. Sayyidinah Ali played a great role
in this Jihad.
Prophet performed Umrah, which was missed the previous year when
the treaty of Hudaybiyya was signed.
Prophet married Sayyidah Maymoonah.

8 Hijrih:

Prophet sent Sayyidina Harith bin U’mair to Shurahbeel, the governor

of Busrah with the invitati on of Islam. Shurahbeel reacted with
aggression and killed Sayyidina Harith bin U’mair. So, in 8 A.H Prophet
sent an army of three thousand to confront Shurahbeel. Shurahbeel
prepared an army of nearly one hundred and fi ft y thousand soldiers. 3
muslims against 150 disbelievers. This batt le took place at Muta, a
place in Shaam (Syria) 51.5km from Baitul Maqsid and close to the city
of Balqaan. Three leaders of muslims (Sayyidinah Zaid bin Haritha,
Sayyidina Ja’far, and Sayyidinah Abdullah bin Rawaha) martyred then
muslims gained victory under commanment of Sayyidina Khalid bin
Waleed.
Prophet Muhammad PBUH began preparing for Jihad, on 3rd Ramadhan
8 A.H aft er A’sr Prophet with an army of ten thousand left Madinah
towards Makkah. Allah gave command over Makkah without fi ght and
On Friday, 20th Ramadhan, Prophet made Tawaaf of the Ka’bah and
broke all the idols placed inside Ka’bah. Prophet, who was a mercy
unto mankind addressed to disbelievers of Makkah as ” Today you all
are free. There is no blame on you”. Prophet remained in Makkah for
fi ft een days. Thereaft er, returend to Madinah and appointed
Sayyidinah I’tab bin Usayd as the governor of Makkah.
Aft er the conquest of Makkah, the Arabs began entering into Islam in
large numbers but two Arab tribes (Hawaazin and Thaqeef) could not
tolerate the rise of Islam and prepared to wage war against the
muslims and set out towards Makkah. Prophet gathered twelve
thousand companions to fi ght them. On the 6th Sawaal this army left
Makkah and when they reached the valley of Hunain the enemy
att ached the muslims from all directi ons. In initi al stage muslims faced
defeat but later on muslims gained victory. Only four muslims
martyred whereas more than seventy disbelievers were killed. Muslims
took possession of all their belongings among which twenty four
thousand camels, more than forty thousand goats and four thousand
awqiya (490 kgs).
Aft er the Banu Hawaazin and Thaqeef were defeated in Hunain they
took protecti on in the fort of Taaif. Prophet followed them and
approximately eighteen days they laid seige to the fort. Then Prophet
left and camped at Ji’rranah and handedover persons who were
captured at Hunain on the request of people of Taaif. Aft er returning
to Madinah, a delegati on from Taaif came to Madinah and accepted
Islam.
Thereaft er, Prophet performed Umrah from Ji’rranah and returned to
Madinah on the 6th Zul-Qa’dah 8 A.H. 
9 Hijrih:

Aft er returning from Taaif, Prophet remained in Madinah unti l the

middle of 9 A.H. Prophet began preparati on for Jihad as he was
informed that Hiraql (Hercules) was preparing an army at Tabuk to
att ack the muslims aft er their defeat in Muta. In Rajab, Prophet left
Madinah for Tabuk with twenty thousand companions. Hiraql fl ed from
Tabuk and no batt le was fought. Muslim returned aft er staying in
Tabuk for fi ft een to twenty days. This was the last batt le that Prophet
Muhammad fought. Prophet returned to Madinah in Ramadhan 9 A.H.
Aft er returning from Tabuk, Prophet appointed Sayyidina Abu Bakr as
the leader of Hajj and sent him to Makkah.
10 Hijrih:

Prophet left for Hajj on the 25th Zul-Qa’dah 10 A.H. and more than one
hundred thousand companions joined him. Prophet ti ed ihram from
Zul-Hulaifah, six miles from Madinah. They, reached Makkah on
Saturday, 4th Zil-Hijjah. On the 9th Zul-Hijjah aft er reaching Arafaat,
Prophet delivered a very inspiring Khutbah (Speech) which was full of
advice and wisdom. Aft er performing Hajj, Prophet remained in
Makkah for few days and thereaft er returned to Madinah.
11 Hijrih:
Aft er returning from Makkah, Prophet prepared an army on the 26th
Safar 11 A.H. to fi ght the Romans. Amongst the soldiers were many
leading companions like Sayyidina Abu Bakr, Sayyidina Umar, Sayyidina
Abu U’baidah bin Jarrah and Prophet appointed Sayyidina Usama as
the ameer  (leader) of this army. This was the last army that Prophet
arranged himself. This army had not yet left Madinah when Prophet
fell ill. Prophet Muhammad PBUH thereaft er passed away and
Sayyidinah Abu Bakr dispatched this army.
On 28th Safar 11 A.H. Prophet visited Jannatul Baqee where he made
dua for the inmates of the graves. Aft er returning home, he
experienced a headache and from then onwards had a fever, which
lasted for thirteen days. In this conditi on Prophet left this world.
On Monday the 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal, aft er the Zuhr Salaah, Prophet left
this worldly abode and went to meet his creator, Allah.
Prophet was buried aft er two days, on Wednesday, at the ti me of sehri
(early down). Prophet was sixty-three years old at the ti me of his
demise.