Chan Sarin

Buddhism And Eastern Philosophy /

Intro to World Philosophy
Prof: Ngin Virath
09/20/2020
ASSIGNMENT I
1. It takes a village (society) to raise a child.
Children is an age which is easy to learn new things form everything they see
and what they hear. As a kid, their brain is new, they don’t have much things to think or
worry about, so they tend to attach with every picture and things they see in daily life
quickly. Also, they don’t have enough consciousness to be able to consider what is the
right or wrong action. In fact, they just assume the right action through common
activity that people do in the society. The way that people act and talk affects a lot to
the mindset of the kid and impact on how the kid will manage their action in their
livelihood as well. For example, when a child grows up in a village full of education and
ethical conduct, neighborhood love and help each other, sharing food and people do
right work without criminal, they will become a good child too, but if they grows up in
a village which full of crimes, gambling, corruption, raping, stealing each other’s
property, people look down, jealous each other and compete for reputation, the
environment will sharp the children’s mind to think it’s the right things to do and
become a bad child as well. That’s the reason why the village or community is very
important to take part in raising children because the behavior of people impacts the
way children think and the way that they behave when they grow up.

2. What are the main teaching of buddha?

The main teaching of Buddha are the four noble truth:
Dukkha: suffering: life is suffering. Suffering is real, universal and unavoidable.
Samudaya: the cause of suffering. The suffering is due to attachment, craving.
Nirodha: there is an end to suffering. The attachment can be overcome by the free of
mine from the attachment and craving.
Magga: the cause to an end of suffering, which we need to follow the Eightfold path or
Middle path which concluded as Ethical conduct (Sila), Meditation (Samadhi)
and Wisdom (Panha).

3. What is Karma according to buddha’s teaching?

Karma is the natural law that operates according to our actions. In another way, Karma
can be called the law of cause and effect. What we do will produce the result for us in
the present time or hereafter. There is no court or lawgiver to determine what we do is
right or wrong, but it is the law determine itself. Karma is also explained in the way
that if you sow good seed, you will reap a good harvest. If you sow bad seed, you will
reap bad harvest. Weather we do good or bad, our actions are always following us like
shadows that never leaves us.
4. Describe Aristotle social and political philosophy about the state or government.
Aristotle’s philosophy about state is that the basic function of state is to extricate
humankind from the natural condition to a new civilization with a better living standard
which contain civilized culture of an ethical and intellectual life.
Aristotle’s concept is that humankind cannot be developed without living together as a
state. As human, by nature, is a self-interest seeking animal, they usually do everything
to fulfil their own interest, demand and necessities which can cause conflict and
destruction, so the state has the purpose to organize human living condition and set
particular systematic rules for security and justice. According to Aristotle’s theory, we
can simplify that we cannot ensure safety and good standard of living if people don’t live
together because human nature is self-interested and aggressive. They do whatever to
fulfil their needs even though in the name of helping others they always put themselves
first. Also, humankind can be evolved because of sharing and learning from each other
from generation to generation so they can make culture and develop the way to live. So
if there is not state, there will be no safety, justice and development.