Tabel 26.

11 Limiting water data for exercise 1

limiting
operation water Cin,max Cout,max
flowrate (ppm0 (ppm)
(t/h)
1 20 0 300
2 46 100 500
3 14 100 600
4 40 400 600

a) sketch the limiting water composite curve for the operation

limiting
contamin
water Cin,max Cout,max
operation flowrate Cin - Cout ant mass,
(ppm0 (ppm)
mc (g/h)
(t/h)
1 20 0 300 300 6000
2 46 100 500 400 18400
3 14 100 600 500 7000
4 40 400 600 200 8000

0
sketch of limiting composite curve
0 300 6 6 700
100 500 18.4 24.4 600
100 600 7 31.4 500
400 600 8 39.4
400
C (ppm)

0 0 300
100 2 200
300 15.2
100
500 30
0
600 39.4 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
mc (kg/h)

b) target the water flowratefor reuse only

berdasarkan limiting composite curve didapatkan pinch Limiting composite curve

untuk water supply yang terbaik pada 600 ppm 700
sehingga dapat dihitung mass load up to pinch concentration 600

500
mass load up to pinch concentration
400
C (ppm)

= 39.4 kg/h
= 39400 g/h 300

200

100

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 3
 500

400

C (ppm)
300

200
minimum water flowrate 100
= mass load up to pinch concentration
0
concentration change of water to pinch 0 5 10 15 20 25 3
= 39400 mc (kg/h)
(600 - 0)
= 65.67 t/h

c) generate the grid diagram and design the water-using operation network to achieve the target
omposite curve

1
2
3
4

25 30 35 40

ting composite curve

15 20 25 30 35 40
15 20 25 30 35 40
mc (kg/h)
Tabel 26.12 Limiting water for exercise 2

Mass
operation Cin, mac Cout, max pickup,
(ppm) (ppm)
mc (kg/h)

1 0 400 16
2 200 400 16
3 200 1000 32
4 700 1000 6

a) if fresh water with no inlet contaminant is used in each

of the four process, calculate the total water requiirements in t/h

freshwater feed (mw) = mass pickup of contaminant (g/h)

concentration change from zero contaminant (ppm)
total freshwater flowrate = total freshwater flowrate (t/h)

Mass
Cin, mac Cout, max
operation pickup, ∆C mw (t/h)
(ppm) (ppm)
mc (kg/h)

1 0 400 16 400 40
2 200 400 16 400 40
3 200 1000 32 1000 32
4 700 1000 6 1000 6
total freshwater flowrate 118

b) If water is reused up to its maximm potential calculate the corresponding

water requirements in t/h

limiting
Mass
Cin, mac Cout, max water
operation pickup, ∆C
(ppm) (ppm) mc (kg/h) flowrate
(t/h)
1 0 400 16 400 40
2 200 400 16 200 80
3 200 1000 32 800 40
4 700 1000 6 300 20
total freshwater flowrate 180

c) maximum water use alone does not satisfy the requirements for water reductioin;
hence,process changes are to be considered in conjuction with water reuse.
what changes to the process conditions would be required to the operations in
Table 26.12 to reduce the target, assuming the mass pick up is fixed.

composite curve
1200

1000
 0 400 16 16
composite curve
200 400 16 32
1200
200 1000 32 64
1000 700 1000 6 70

800
0 0
Axis Title

600 200 8
400 32
400
700 pinch point
52
200 1000 70

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Axis Title