Name of Acquired at what time
infection/virus
HSV Intrapartum, via infected
vaginal canal
HIV Time of delivery, lesser
degree from BF
Toxoplasmosis Risk of infection increases
with GA, but worse if
contracted early
Chlamydia At birth
Gonorrhea Peripartum, or exposure to
lesions
Syphilis Correlates largely with
duration of maternal
infection; 1st and 2nd stage
of syphilis transmits
~100%
CMV With primary infection
transmission is highest
(very rarely occur
perinatally or postnatally)
Varicella Weeks 7-20 or 5 days
before or 2 days after birth
of maternal infection
Rubella 1-12 weeks risk of severe
anomalies highest, but rate
of transmission is highest
last month of gestation
How to test for it Likely s/s
PCR of CSF and Skin Vesicular lesions on
presenting part, CNS
abnormality
DNA PCR at first then Recurrent Infections
RNA PCR to follow
treatment efficacy
IgM Diffuse intracranial
calcifications; delayed
chorioretinitis
Tissue culture (gold Most common cause of
standard) -because it an conjunctivitis at 4-14
intracellular organism days after birth; eyelid
swelling and purulent
discharge; treat with
erythromycin 14 days
Gram stain and Eye infection by 1-4 days
conjunctival scrapings; of life, purulent; eye
blood culture edema; arthritis
Ceftriaxone 25-50mg/kg
IV or PO (not to exceed
125mg) x1 for
conjunctivitis; 7 days for
invasive ds; 14 days for
meningitis
VDRL CSF, and PCR Rash on soles and palms,
blood snuffles, blue/red/white
CBC, platelets cord; PCN G x10 for
X-rays confirmed and likely, and
1 dose for less likely and
unlikely infection
PCR of urine or saliva Periventricular
(gold standard) calcifications,
PCR of blood if negative chorioretinitis; Early and
may still be positive late hearing loss
Presence of lesions and Typical vesicular rash
+maternal diagnosis; that becomes into
PCR of fetal blood or cicatricial scars; 60%
amniotic fluid with CNS symptoms
VZIG or IVIG
Isolation of virus from Cataracts, SNHL, CHD
oropharynx, (pulmonary artery
conjunctival scrapings, stenosis and PDA are
urine, CSF; rubella most common)
specific IgM in cord or
blood (less reliable after
3 months of age)