PARTS OF LOG PERIODIC DIPOLE ANTENNA

Transmission Line – it is a device designed to guide electrical energy from one point to another.
It is used, for example, to transfer the output radio frequency energy of a transmitter to an
antenna. This energy will not travel through normal electrical wire without great losses. Its
purpose is to transfer the energy output of the transmitter to the antenna with the least possible
power loss.

Feed point – component that feed the radio waves to the rest of the antenna structure, or in
receiving antennas collect the incoming radio waves, convert them to electric currents and
transmit them to the receiver.

Short circuited stub – it is the length of the transmission line or waveguide that is connected at
one end only. Its input impedance of the stub is purely reactive; either capacitive or inductive,
depending on the electrical length of the stub. It is considered to be frequency-dependent
capacitors and frequency-dependent inductors. It is less prone to leakage of electromagnetic
radiation.

The LPDA consists of several parallel linear dipoles of varying lengths, which are arranged
in a sequence in such a way that they are contained within an angle2 α. The angle of
intersection can be defined as:

1− τ
α =tan −1 ( )
4σ

The ratio of the lengths of the consecutive dipoles is a constant (scaling factor,τ) and the ratio of
the spacing between two consecutive dipoles is another constant (spacing factor, σ ). The dipoles
of the LPDA are connected to the source in such a way that a phase reversal is obtained between
the lengths of the consecutive dipoles. The relations of proportion between the lengths of the
dipoles, the diameter of the dipoles and the spacing between the dipoles and the spacing between
the dipoles is written as:

L n+1 dn +1
τ= =
Ln dn
sn
σ=
2 Ln

Where Ln is the length of the nth dipole whereas d n is the diameter of the nth dipole and snis the
spacing between the nth dipole and its consecutive (n+1) th dipole. In some designs, constant
diameter dipoles are used in order to lower the cost. The value of τ and σ can be chosen by the
user to design the antenna with specific radiation characteristics by using appropriate graphs.

linear dipoles of varying lengths,

which are arranged in a
sequence in such a way that they
are contained within an
angle 2α. The angle of
intersection can be defined as:
The LPDA consists of several
parallel
linear dipoles of varying lengths,
which are arranged in a
sequence in such a way that they
are contained within an
angle 2α. The angle of
intersection can be defined as:t