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اصطلاحات دکل حفاري PDF
اصطلاحات دکل حفاري PDF
اصطلاحات دکل حفاري PDF
ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎﺕ
ﺩﮐﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
AIR HOIST
ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮ ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ
ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ )ﺟﺮﺍﺛﻘﻴﻞ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ( ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ floorﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻫﻮﺍﻱ ﻓﺸﺮﺩﻩ
Accumulator : 1
ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۴
ACCUMULATIVE UNIT
ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ) .Accumulatorﺷﮑﻞ (۱
A-FRAME
ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﭼﻮﺑﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ Aﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻲ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﻳﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ Traveling blockﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ
ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲
AIR TONG
A-Frame: 2
AGITATOR
ﻫﻤﺰن
ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻫﻤﺰﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﭘﺮﻩ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻳﺎﺗﻴﻐﻪ ﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ
ﻫﻤﺰﺩﻥ ﻣﺎﻳﻌﺎﺕ ﻭ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﺪ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۳
Air Tong : 5
AUXILIARIES
ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻤﻜﻲ
ﺁﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻓﺮﺁﻳﻨﺪ
ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺣﻔﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ.
AUXILIARY BRAKE
Annular Blowout Preventer : 6 ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ
ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ) (Draw
ANNULAR SPACE
،worksﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺍﻳﻤﻦ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ
ﻓﻀﺎي داﻟﻴﺰي
ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ
ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ،ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰﻱ
ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﺎﻫﺪ.
ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺳﻨﮕﻲ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻫﻢ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ:
BEARING
Annulus
ﻳﺎﺗﺎﻗﺎن
ﻳﻚ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻪ
BLIND RAM
ﻳﻚ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ ﻭ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮ ) (BOPﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ BLOWOUT PREVENTER CONTROL : 10
UNIT
ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۹
BOMB
ﻳﻚ ﻇﺮﻑ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ،ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ،ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ
ﻧﻔﺖ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ.
BOTTOMHOLE CHOKE
)BLOWOUT PREVENTER (BOP ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﻪ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ
ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺮ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ
ﻫﺮﻳﻚ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﻮ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺳﻴﺎﻻﺕ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻪ ) (Tubingﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﻨﺪ.
ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ،
ﻣﺜﻞ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ،ﺑﺴﺖ. BOTTOMHOLE PRESSURE BOMB
ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ: ﺑﻤﺐ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺗﻪ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ
Annular blow out preventer, inside blow out ﻇﺮﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺿﺨﻴﻢ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﮕﺎﺷﺘﻦ ﻭ ﺛﺒﺖ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ
preventer, Ram blow out preventer ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ.
BOX
BLOWOUT PREVENTER CONTROL
ﻣﺎدﻳﻨﻪ
UNIT
واﺣﺪ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺰ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭ ،ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ )ﻧﺮﻳﻨﻪ( ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ،
ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻓﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ Cumulative unitﺑﻪ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻱ ﺁﻥ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۱۰ ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ:
Tool joint, pin
CASINGHEAD
ﺳﺮﺟﺪاره
ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻓﻠﻨﺠﺪﺍﺭ ،ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻭ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ
ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻌﺪﻱ
Breakout Cathead : 11
ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ.
BULK MUD COMPONENTS IN ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂSpool :
STORAGE
اﻧﺒﺎر ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت ﮔﻞ
ﺗﺎﻧﮏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻗﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. CASING STRING
رﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪاري
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ
BUNKHOUSE ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ،ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ .ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ،ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ٣٠ﻓﻮﺕ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ
ﺧﻮاﺑﮕﺎه ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ،ﺍﻳﻦ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ،ﺩﺭ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ
ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺍﺏ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۱۲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﻧﺪ.
ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂCamp :
CATHEAD SPOOL
ﻣﺎﺳﻮره ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ
ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺷﻔﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ Draw worksﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻩ ،ﺳﻮﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺍﺯ ﺍﺳﭙﻮﻝ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ
ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ.
CEMENTING
ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎري
ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﭘﺸﺖ Casingﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎﻡ
ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻤﭙﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺗﺮﻳﻠﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ
Cementing Truckﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۱۳
CHECK VALVE
ﺷﻴﺮ ﻳﻚ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ
ﺷﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩ ﻋﺒﻮﺭ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ.
CHOKE
ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه ،ﭼﻮك
ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﺍﻭﺭﻳﻔﻴﺲ ) ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ( ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ
ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻛﻨﺪ.
CHOKE LINE
ﺧﻂ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه ﻓﻮراﻧﮕﻴﺮ
ﻳﻚ ﺧﻂ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻧﺸﻌﺎﺑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ،ﻛﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻻﺕ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ
Cementing Truck : 13 ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﺍﻫﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۱۵
CHAIN TONG
آﭼﺎر زﻧﺠﻴﺮ
ﺍﺑﺰﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪﻥ
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ .ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ
ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻭ ﺳﻔﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ،ﺩﺳﺘﻪ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺁﻥ
ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
)ﺷﮑﻞ (۱۴
CONDUCTOR PIPE
ﻗﻄﻮﺭ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ casingﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
COMPANY REPRESENTATIVE
ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪه ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻧﻔﺖ
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﻓﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﻣﻘﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ
Choke Manifold : 16 ﺳﺮﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻛﻪ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺵ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﻓﻨﻲ ﺳﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ
CREW
ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن ،ﮔﺮوه ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ.
CROWN BLOCK
Christ Mass Tree : 17
ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮه ﺗﺎج دﻛﻞ
CIRCULATE ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻛﻞ ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ
ﮔﺮدش ﻛﺮدن ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎل ﺍﺯﺭﻭﻱ ﺷﻴﺎﺭ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺭﺩ.
ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻦ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ
ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺭﺍ Circulateﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ. DEADLINE
ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ Traveling blockﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ
CIRCULATING COMPONENTS Crown blockﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ dead line
اﺟﺰا ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺮدﺷﻲ anchorﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺳﺎﻣﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ :ﭘﻤﭗ ﮔﻞ,Stand ،
pipeﺧﺮﻃﻮﻣﻲ ﮔﻞ ،ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ،ﻛﻠﻲ ،ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ،ﻣﺘﻪ ،ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ
ﺧﻂ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﮔﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ.
DEGASSER
ﮔﺎز زدا
ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﮔﺎﺯ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ
ﺷﻮﺩ).ﺷﮑﻞ (۱۹ Desander : 20
DESILTER
ﻻي زدا
ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻳﺰﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺯﺩﻭﺩﻥ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺯﺍﺋﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺭﻳﺰ ،ﻛﻪ
ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﻻﻱ ) ( SIITﻣﺤﺴﻮﺏ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ) ،ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺰﺭﮔﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ 2
ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻥ ﻭ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ 74ﻣﻴﻜﺮﻭﻥ( ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺗﺎ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺫﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﺎ
ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۱
degasser : 19
DERRIK FLOOR
ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ derrick floorﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ Rig Floor :
DERRICK MAN
دﻛﻠﺒﺎن
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ
Desilter : 21
ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻭﻱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻭ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ
ﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
DOG HOUSE
اﻃﺎق ﺣﻔﺎر
ﺍﻃﺎﻗﻚ ﺳﺮ ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ
Draw Works : 23
ﺣﻔﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ،
ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ. DRILLER
ﺣﻔﺎر
DOUBLE ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺠﺮﻱ
ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﻭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺑﻪ
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﻭ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﻭﻇﻴﻔﻪ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺮ ﻭ
ﻫﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻃﻼﻕ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ .ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻭﻱ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ،
DOUBLE BORD ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻫﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺎﻧﻜﻲ ﺑﻮﺭﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺩﻛﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ
ﺩﻛﻞ ،ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺑﺎ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ ،ﻧﺼﺐ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۲ DRILLERS CONSOLE
ﻣﻴﺰ ﻳﺎ ﺗﺨﺘﻪ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﮑﻮﻱ ﺩﮐﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ.ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺁﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﺭ
DRAW WORKS
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ.
ﮔﺮدوﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎري
ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰﻡ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻧﺪﻩ ﺩﺭﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ
DRILLERS POSITION
ﻳﻚ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﭘﻴﭽﺪ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ DOGHOUSE ,Draw
ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۳ works, Drillers consoleﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
DRILLING CONTRACTOR
ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻧﻜﺎر ﺣﻔﺎر
ﻓﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺟﻬﺖ
ﺍﺟﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﻨﺪﺩ.
DRILLING FLUID
ﺳﻴﺎل ﺣﻔﺎري
ﺳﻴﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻭﻇﺎﻳﻔﻲ
ﻫﻤﭽﻮﻥ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ،ﺧﻨﻚ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻣﺘﻪ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻳﺰﺵ ﺩﻳﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ.
DRILLING PARAMETERS
DRILL PIPE
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎري
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻲ ﺩﺭﺯ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﻣﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ .ﻃﻮﻝ ﻫﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ۳۰
ﻓﻮﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۴۱
ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂdrill collar : Screen : 25
DRILL STEM
DRILL SHIP ﺳﺎق ﺣﻔﺎري
ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺣﻔﺎري ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ
ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ. ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻠﻲ ،ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ
ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ،ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ JAR ،ﻭ ﺍﺟﺰﺍ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
DRILL STRING
رﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎري
ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﻭ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ
ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻠﻲ
ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ.
DRIVE BUSHING
ﺑﻮﺷﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ Kellyﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ
Rotary tableﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ Kellyﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۶
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂKELLY BUSHING :
DRUM
درام
ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍﻧﻪ ﺷﻜﻠﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺁﻥ ﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ
ﭼﺮﺥ ﺩﻧﺪﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ Draw worksﻣﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﺪ.
ELEVATOR
ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﮑﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ tubingﻳﺎ
Casingﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﮑﻢ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﮓ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺒﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ Electric Generator : 29
ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺑﻔﺮﺳﺘﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۷
ELECTRICIAN
ﺑﺮق ﻛﺎر
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻋﻀﺎ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ
ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻭ ﻣﺼﺮﻑ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ
ﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ.
FIXED CHOKE
ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪه
Elevator : 27 ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﺁﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﻭ
ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ.
ELECTRIC HOUSE
ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ،ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ ﻭ ﮊﻧﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ
FLOAT VALVE
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻳﻚ ﭘﻨﻞ ﻭ ﻳﺎ
ﻛﺎﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ﻗﻄﻌﺎﺕ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ
(۲۸
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ
SCR Unit
ELECTRIC GENERATOR
Float Valve : 30
ژﻧﺮاﺗﻮر ﺑﺮق
ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱ FLOORMAN
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۲۹ ﻛﺎرﮔﺮ ﺳﻜﻮ
ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ
ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،Kelly ،ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀﺁﻥ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ:
Rotary Helper ROGHNECK
FOURBLE BOARD
ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺩﻛﻠﺒﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ
ﺩﻛﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﺗﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ،ﻳﻌﻨﻲ
ﻃﻮﻟﻬﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﻬﻢ ،ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻛﻞ ﭼﻴﺪ.
FUEL TANK
ﺗﺎﻧﮏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺳﻮﺧﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
Hook : 31
GUY LINE
ﺧﻂ ﻣﻬﺎر HOPPER
آﺧﻮرك ﮔﻞ
ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻂ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ ﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ،ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﻴﻒ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﺸﻚ )
HARD HAT ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﻮﺩﺭ ﺭﺱ ﻳﺎ ﺳﻴﻤﺎﻥ ( ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻳﻜﻨﻮﺍﺧﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﻣﺎﻳﻊ
ﻛﻼه اﻳﻤﻨﻲ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۳۲
ﻳﻚ ﻛﻼﻩ ﺍﻳﻤﻨﻲ ،ﺍﺯ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻓﻠﺰﻳﺎ ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺳﺨﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﮔﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻔﺘﻲ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﺮ
ﺳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﮔﺬﺭﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻘﻮﻁ ﺍﺟﺴﺎﻡ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ،
ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
HOISTING COMPONENTS
اﺟﺰاء ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺗﺎﺝ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ
ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ.ﺍﺯ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮﻱ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺗﻨﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ ،ﺍﺳﭙﻮﻝ ﻛﺖ
Hopper : 32
ﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﻫﻮﺍﻳﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﻧﻤﻮﺩ.
HYDRODYNAMIC BRAKE
HOOK ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﻫﻴﺪرو دﻧﻴﺎﻣﻴﻚ
ﻗﻼب ﺣﻔﺎري ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺷﻔﺖ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ
ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ ﻳﺎ swivelﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻛﻤﻜﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺮﻣﺰ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ )ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ( ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻤﻞ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻴﻦ 100ﺗﺎ 650ﺗﻦ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ،ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۳۳
ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻭﻱ bearingﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪﻩ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﭼﺮﺧﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۳۱
JACKNIFE MAST
دﻛﻞ ﺧﻮد ﻓﺮاز ﭼﺎﻗﻮﻳﻲ
ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ،ﺩﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻴﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ
Jet Bit : 35
ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻭ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻳﻨﺪ .ﺳﭙﺲ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ
ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻭ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ )JOINT (SINGLE
ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ. اﺗﺼﺎل ﺷﺎﺧﻪ
ﻳﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺗﻘﻮﻳﺒﻲ ﺁﻥ 30ftﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮ
JACKUP RIG ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ) ﺩﺍﻳﺲ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري ﺟﻚ آپ
ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺩﺭﻳﺎ ﻭ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻳﻬﺎﻱ KELLY
ﻛﻨﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺎﻳﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻠﻲ
ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺟﻚ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺟﺰﺀ ،ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺑﺎ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺷﺶ
ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻜﺸﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﺵ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ
ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۳۴ ﻟﻮ ﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﺩ .ﻣﻘﻄﻊ
ﻣﺠﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺍﻳﺮﻩ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﮔﺬﺭ ﮔﻞ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺍﺳﺖ.
KELLY BUSHING
ﺑﻮش ﻛﻠﻲ
ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻮﺵ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ (master bushing
)ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ ،ﮔﺸﺘﺎﻭﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ
ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ:
Jack Up Rig : 34 DRIVE BUSHING
MAKE A TRIP
ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ،
ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻌﻮﻳﺾ ﻣﺘﻪ ،ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻐﺰﻩ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ،ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺮ ﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
ﺑﺪﻭﺭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ Tripﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ.
MAST
دﻛﻞ ﺧﻮد ﻓﺮاز
ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ
ﺩﺭ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ ،ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻛﻞ
Kelly Spinner : 36 ﺍﺯ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ
ﺟﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰﺀ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺍﺗﺼﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻓﺮﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ
LOAD GUY LINE ﺑﻪ ﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﺑﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻧﻘﻞ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ
ﺧﻂ ﻣﻬﺎر ﺑﺎر ﺟﺎﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻜﻨﺪ.
ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻂ ﺳﻴﻤﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﮔﺎﻩ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ
ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﻨﺪ. MASTER BUSHING
ﺑﻮش اﺻﻠﻲ
LOCATION ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ) (Rotary tableﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ
ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ،
ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ Kelly bushingﻋﻤﻞ ﻟﻐﺰﺵ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ Kellyﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ
ﺗﺎﻧﻜﻬﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ ،ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ ،ﻛﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﻬﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ
ﻣﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ Kellyﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺳﺎﻕ
ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ .ﺍﻳﻦ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﺑﻌﺎﺩ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 700*1400ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻗﺒﻞ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﺷﻮﺩ.
ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺩﻛﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻧﺠﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۳۷
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ MECHANIC
Well Site ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﻇﻒ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﮔﻲ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ
ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
MOTORMAN
ﻣﻮﺗﻮر ﻣﻦ – ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ
ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﻣﻲ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .
MOUSE HOLE
ﺗﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﻘﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱfloor
ﻭﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻱ cat walkﺗﻮﺳﻂ air hoistﺑﺎﻻ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻩ Mud Tanks : 39
ﻣﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ،ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﺭﺥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ
MUD RETURN LINE
ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ .ﺑﺮ ﻋﻜﺲ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺎﻻﻱ BOPﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ shale shakerﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ
ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ mouse holeﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.
ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ air hoistﺑﻪ catwalkﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
MUD DENSITY RECORDER
MUD BOX ﻳﻚ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﭼﮕﺎﻟﻲ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ
ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.
PIN
ﻧﺮﻳﻨﻪ
ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ
ﺩﺭﻣﺎﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻩ ،ﭘﻴﭻ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ
(۴۲
MUD LOG
ﻧﻤﻮدار ﮔﻞ
ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻣﺪﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ
ﻣﻴﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ) .ﺷﮑﻞ
(۴۱ Pin : 42
PIPE RACK
ﺧﺮك ﻟﻮﻟﻪ
ﻳﻚ ﺗﻜﻴﻪ ﺍﻓﻘﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭼﻴﺪﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﮐﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ:
Casing Rack
NIPPLE
ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺳﺮﺭﺯﻭﻩ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺁﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ 12
inchﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
OFFSURE RIG
دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري درﻳﺎﻳﻲ
ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ،ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻗﻴﺎﻧﻮﺳﻬﺎ ،ﺩﺭ ﻳﺎﻫﺎ ،ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻧﺪ .ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﺎﻱ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻚ ﺁﭖ ،ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
ﻧﻴﻤﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭ ،ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻏﺮﻕ ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻩ ،ﻛﺸﺘﻲ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮﻩ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻫﺎﻱ
RIG FLOOR
ﺳﻜﻮي ﺣﻔﺎري
ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﭘﻴﺮﺍﻣﻮﻥ ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ (Rotary
) tableﻛﻪ ﺗﺎ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﮔﻮﺷﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ،ﻭ ﮔﺮﺩﻭﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﻭ
ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺎﻣﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
Plug Tester : 43
PREFAB
ﺑﺎدﮔﻴﺮ –ﺑﺎدﺷﻜﻦ
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺨﺼﻮﺹ ﺩﻭﺭﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﻫﺎ ،ﺯﻳﺮ ﺳﺎﺯﻩ
ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ
ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺮﺩ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻋﻮﺍﻣﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ
ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.
RATHOLE
ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻛﻪ ۳۰ﺗﺎ ۳۵ﻓﻮﺕ ﻋﻤﻖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚ
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺮ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﺗﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺳﻜﻮﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ
ﻣﺤﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻫﺮ ﺯﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻛﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ) (Tripﺍﺳﺖ.
Rig : 44
RESSERVE TANK
ﻣﺨﺰن ذﺧﻴﺮه RIG UP
ﺑﻪ ﻣﺨﺰﻥ ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﮔﻞ ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ و ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎ ﻛﺮدن دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري
ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻧﺼﺐ ﻭ ﺑﺮﭘﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ
Rig upﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ.
RAM BLOWOUT PREVENTER
ﻓﻮرا اﻧﮕﻴﺮ ﻛﻮﺑﻪ اي ROTARY HOSE
ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻧﮕﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﻮﺑﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺷﻴﻠﻨﮕﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺩﮐﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ Stand
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺯﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ. pipeﺑﻪ Swivelﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﮐﻨﺪ .ﺿﻤﻨﺎ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ Mud hoseﻳﺎ Kelly
Hoseﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺪ.
RIG
دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﺣﻔﺎري
ﺑﻪ ﺩﻛﻞ ،ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﻱ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ROLLER CONE BIT
ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﺮ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻔﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﺟﻲ – ﻣﺘﻪ ﻛﺎج ﻏﻠﺘﺎن
(۴۴ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺟﻲ ﻳﺎ Rock Bitﻧﻮﻉ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ
ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺩﻭ ،ﺳﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻬﺎﺭ ﻛﺎﺝ ) ﺟﺰﺀ ﺑﺮﻧﺪﻩ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ
ROTARY TABLE
ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ دوار –ﻣﻴﺰدوار
ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻨﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ
ﻣﻲ ﺩﻫﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ Kellyﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻧﮕﻪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.
SHALLE SHAKER
اﻟﻚ ﻟﺮزان
ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻣﺘﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﺳﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﺮﺯﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﻮﺭﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺪﺍ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ
ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﻴﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﺩﺷﻲ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻪ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ
ﺷﺪﻩ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺭﻱ ﻫﺎ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺍﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺯﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. Slips : 46
)ﺷﮑﻞ (۴۵
SPINNING CHAIN
زﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﭼﺮﺧĤور
ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ Yﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻴﭽﺎﻧﺪﻥ ) ﻭﺳﻔﺖ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ ( ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺩﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻴﺮﻭﺩ .ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺁﭼﺎﺭ ﻭ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺖ ﻫﺪ
ﭼﺮﺥ ﺁﻭﺭ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ،
ﺳﺮ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﺯﻧﺠﻴﺮ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﭘﻴﻮﻧﺪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﻴﭽﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ،ﺳﭙﺲ
STAIRWAYS
ﭘﻠﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺘﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺮﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ
ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ.
STANDPIPE
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ -ﻟﻮﻟﻪ اﻳﺴﺘﺎ
ﻳﻚ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻜﻄﺮﻑ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﺍﺕ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺭﻭﺩ
ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﭘﻤﭗ ﮔﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﮔﻞ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ
ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﭼﺎﻩ ﭘﻤﭗ ﺷﻮﺩStand pipe .ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻳﻚ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ
ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .ﺗﺎ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺧﺮﻃﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺜﻞ
Kill line , Cellarﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۴۷
Stabilizer : 48
STRING
رﺷﺘﻪ
ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻝ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﻩ ﺭﺍﻧﺪﻩ
ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ Stingﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ.
SUBSTRUCTURE
زﻳﺮ ﺳﺎزه
ﺍﺳﻜﻠﺖ ﻓﻮﻻﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺁﻥ ﺩﻛﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﮔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻲ
Stand Pipe : 47
ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻓﻀﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻛﻨﺘﺮﻝ
STAND ﭼﺎﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۴۹
اﺳﺘﻨﺪ
ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻳﺎ ) Tripﻟﻮﻟﻪ SUCTION TANK
ﻣﺨﺰن ﻣﻜﺶ
ﺑﺎﻻ( ﺑﻄﻮﺭ ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻛﻞ ﭼﻴﺪﻩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ .ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﻫﺮ
ﻣﺨﺰﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻂ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﭘﻤﭗ ﻫﺎﻱ ﮔﻞ ،ﮔﻞ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ.
ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ۹۰ﻓﻮﺕ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ
ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ.
SWITCH AND CONTROL GEAR
ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﺮق
ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻚ ،ﺑﻪ ﺗﺠﻬﺰﺍﺕ ﺑﻜﺎﺭ ﺭﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ ﻭ
ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﮊﻧﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻳﺰﻟﻲ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
TOP DRIVE
ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﻱ ﻓﻮﻗﺎﻧﻲ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﺼﺐ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ
Top ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ Kellyﻭ rotary tableﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
driveﺑﺎ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻴﺰ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺭﻭﻱ ﮐﻒ ﺩﮐﻞ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ
ﺷﻮﺩ .ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ connectionﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﺪﺍ ﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎ
Substructure : 49
ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺗﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
SWIVEL
ﻫﺮز ﮔﺮد TOROUE INDICATOR
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺟﻌﺒﻪ ﻗﺮﻗﺮﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺭ ﮔﺸﺘﺎور ﻧﻤﺎ
) (Traveling blockﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﻭﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﮔﺸﺘﺎﻭﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺛﺮ ﭼﺮﺧﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺷﺘﻪ
ﻣﻴﺰﺩﻭﺍﺭ ) (Rotary tableﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﺟﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ.
TRIP
ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﺸﻴﺪﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎﻩ ﻣﻲ
ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
WASHOVER PIPE
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻭﺳﺎﻳﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ ،ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻴﻜﻪ ﻛﻨﺪﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ
ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ،ﮔﻞ ﻭ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻐﺰﻱ ﮔﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ
ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ،ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﭘﺎﺋﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺩﻩ
ﺷﺴﺘﺸﻮ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻟﻴﺰﻱ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﮔﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻤﻴﺰ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺁﻧﺮﺍ
Tong : 50 ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﭘﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺳﺎﺯﺩ.
WEIGHT INDICATOR
وزن ﻧﻤﺎ
ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﻜﺮ
ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﺣﻔﺎﺭ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ.ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﻥ ﺳﺎﻕ ﺣﻔﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﻗﻼﺏ ﺩﻛﻞ
ﺁﻭﻳﺰﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ)ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﺎﺭ ﻗﻼﺏ (HOOK LOADﻭ ﻭﺯﻧﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ
ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻭﺯﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﺩ )ﻭﺯﻥ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺘﻪ WEIGHT ON BIT
،ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺪﻫﺪ) .ﺷﮑﻞ (۵۱