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Sheet 11 (Introduction To Parasitology)
Sheet 11 (Introduction To Parasitology)
ogy
Selected by
D .Anas M .Elnazeer
Introduction to Parasitology
2) Parazoonosis
= if man is an infrequent /
accidental host.
Ex. B. coli
3) Anthropozoonosis / Anthroponosis
= infection acquired by man from
other vertebrates.
Ex. T. canis / T. cati
4) Amphixenosis
= if disease is common to man &
other vertebrates.
5) Zooanthroponosis
= a human disease w/c is
transmitted to animals.
Infection = terms applied to invasion
of the body by pathogenic
organism and the reaction of
the body to their presence
and to the toxins generated
by them.
Types:
1) Autoinfection
= infection acquired by an individual
resulting from their own direct
source of exposure.
2) Reinfection
= when a person is infected w/ a
parasite after months of cure
again gets reinfected with the
same specie of parasite.
3) Superinfection
= when a host is harboring more
than one parasite at a time.
Source of exposure to parasitic infection
( transmission )
1) Contaminated water and soil
= most common
= utilized by most parasite
Ex:A) Contaminated H2O
Protozoa = Giardia
= Chilomastix
Nematodes = Ascaris
= Trichiuris
= Enterobius
B.Contaminated Soil (Ex: Hookworm,)
S. stercoralis
= if walk barefoot infective stage
larva of parasite penetrate skin
goes to venous circulation
heart lungs alveoli
( air sac ) rupture bronchioles
bronchi trachea esophagus
swallowed stomach lower
portion of the intestine
( most grow in S. I. ) becomes
adult worm start production
damage to the body.
2) Food contg. immature infective
stage of the parasite.
1) X – ray
2) Serology
3) Biopsy
4) Animal Pathogenicity test
Treatment:
= easy & simple if you have an
accurate & specific laboratory
diagnosis
= in treating parasitic infection
consider the ff:
A) Severity of infection
B) Duration of infection
C) Intensity & probability of
reinfection
D) Efficacy of the tx
E) Availability of the drug
F) Toxicity of the drug
Prevention & Control against parasitic
infection:
1) Treat infection in order to reduce
source of exposure
2) Teaching and training individual
about personal hygiene
3) Proper waste disposal
4) Comprehensive control on vehicles
of infection
5) Complete destruction of vectors and
control of reservoir hosts