Junior Mathematical Olympiad - 2016

Solution:

Q1. The length of diameter AB is a two digit integer. Reversing the digits

gives the length of a perpendicular chord CD. The distance from their

intersection point H to the center O is a positive rational number. Determine

the length of AB.

Solution :

Let AB = 10x + y and CD = 10y + x. It follows that CO = = and CH = =

Applying the Pythagorean Theorem on CO and CH

OH = = =

Because OH is a positive rational number the quantity cannot

contain any square roots.

Either x – y or x + y must be 11. However, x – y cannot be 11, because both

must be digits. Therefore, x + y must equal eleven and x – y must be a

perfect square (since x + y > x - y).

The only pair ( x , y ) that satisfies this condition is (6.5), so our answer is 065.
Aliter:

Q. 1. Solution:
Let AB = (10x + y) units
CD = (10y + x) units
Now, AO = units
As AO is radius of the circle.
And CH = units

(The point of intersection of radius is perpendicular to a chord is the

mid-point of the chord)
So, CHO is right-angled triangle with right angled at H.
OH =

=
Now it is given that OH is a rational number,
So, must be rational number.
So, must be a squared rational number.
But, x and y are integers,
Therefore, must be a integer.
for that = 11
= 11
(x+ y) (x - y) = 11 x 1
As 11 is a prime number.
x + y = 11 & x – y = 1
So, x=6
y=5
Hence, AB = 65 units.