San Beda University

College of Law
Mendiola, Manila

SYLLABUS
Constitutional Law 2
Atty. GALLANT D. SORIANO, MNSA

PART 2

CHAPTER 6 - BILL OF RIGHTS

SECTION 1 - DUE PROCESS OF LAW

A. Evolution of Due Process

B. Meaning of Due Process

169. Dartmouth College vs. Woodward, 17 U.S. 518, Feb. 2, 1819

170. Ermita-Malate HMOA vs. City of Manila, G.R. No. L-24693, July 31, 1967

C. Aspects of Due Process

1. Substantive Due Process

171. Kwong Sing vs. City of Manila, G.R. No. L-15972, October 11, 1920
172. Yu Cong Eng vs. Trinidad, 271 US 500, June 7, 1926

2. Procedural Due Process

173. Galman vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 72670, September 12, 1986
174. Javier vs. Comelec, G.R. Nos. L-68379-81, September 22, 1986

D. Requisites of Substantive Due Process

1. LAWFUL SUBJECT

a. Who are Protected

175. Smith, Bell & Co. vs. Natividad, G.R. No. 15574, Sept. 17, 1919
176. Villegas vs. Hiu Chiong, G.R. No. L-29646, Nov. 10, 1978

b. Meaning of Life

177. Buck vs. Bell, 274 US 200, May 2, 1927

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c. Meaning of Liberty

178. Rubi vs. Prov. Board of Mindoro, G.R. No. L-14078, March 7, 1919

d. Meaning of Property

179. Pedro vs. Prov. Board of Rizal, G.R. No. 34163, September 18, 1931
180. Crespo vs. Prov. Board, G.R. No. L-33237, Apr. 15, 1988
181. Libanan vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 112386, June 14, 1994
182. GSIS vs. Montesclaros, G.R. No. 146494, July 14, 2004

2. LAWFUL MEANS

A. Procedural Due Process in Judicial Proceedings

183. Lorenzana vs. Cayetano, G.R. No. L-37051, Aug. 3l, 1977
184. Zambales Chromite vs. CA, G.R. No. L-49711, Nov. 7, 1979
185. David vs. Aquilizan, G.R. No. L-49360, Dec. 14, 1979
186. Anzaldo vs. Clave, G.R. No. L-54597, Dec. 15, 1982
187. Galman vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 72670, Sept. 12, 1986
188. Javier vs. Comelec, G.R. Nos. L-68379, Sept. 22, 1986
189. Lim vs. CA, G.R. No. 111397, Aug. 12, 2002
190. Mariveles Shipyard vs. CA, G.R. No. 144134, Nov. 11, 2003

SECTION 1 - EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAWS

1. General Rule
2. Exception
3. Aspects of Equal Protection

A. Substantive Equality

191. Yick Wo vs. Hopkins, 118 US 356, May 10, 1886

B. Enforcement Equality

192. People vs.Vera, G.R. No. L-45685, Nov. 16, 1937

4. Scope of Equality

193. Ichong vs. Hernandez, G.R. No. L-7995, May 31, 1957
194. Villegas vs. Hiu Chiong, G.R. No. L-29646, Nov. 10, 1978
195. Ceniza vs. Comelec, G.R. No. L-52304, Jan, 28, 1980
196. Nunez vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. L-50581, Jan. 30, 1982
197. PASEI vs. Drilon, G.R. No. 81958, June 30, 1988
198. Tatad vs. Secretary of Energy, G.R. No. 124360, Nov. 5, 1997
199. ISAE vs. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000

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SECTION 2 - SEARCHES AND SEIZURES

1. Three Rights under Article III, Section 2, 1987 Constitution

2. Scope of Protection

200. Stonehill vs. Diokno, G.R. No. L-19550, June 19, 1967
201. People vs. Damaso, G.R. No. 93516, Aug. 12, 1992
202. Waterous Drug vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 113271, Oct. 16, 1997
203. People vs. Bongcarawan, G.R. No. 143944, July 11, 2002

3. Requisites of a Valid Warrant

a. Probable Cause

204. Burgos vs. Chief of Staff, G.R. No. L-64261, Dec. 26, 1984

b. Determined Personally by the Judge

205. Morano vs.Vivo, G.R. No. L-22196, June 30, 1967

206. Soliven vs. Makasiar, G.R. No. 82585, Nov. 14, 1988
207. Salazar vs. Achacoso, G.R. No. 81510, March 14, 1990
208. People vs. Inting, G.R. No. 88919, July 25, 1990

c. After Examination under Oath or Affirmation

209. Mata vs. Bayona, G.R. No. 50720, March 26, 1984

d. Particularity

210. Pangandaman vs. Casar, G.R. No. 71782, April 14, 1988
211. People vs. Salanguit, G.R. No. 133254, Apr. 19, 2001
212. People vs. Tee, G.R. No. 140546, Jan. 20, 2003

4. Warrantless Arrest

a. in flagrante delicto

213. People vs. Hindoy, G.R. No. 132662, May 10 2001

214. People vs. Sy Chua, G.R. No. 136066, Feb. 4, 2003
215. People vs. Bohol, G.R. No. 171729, July 28, 2008
216. People vs. Pavia, G.R. No. 202687, Jan. 14, 2015

b. hot pursuit

217. People vs. Sucro, G.R. No. 93239, March 18, 1991
218. Rolito Go vs. CA, G.R. No. 101837, February 11, 1992
219. People vs. Gerente, G.R. No. 95847, March 10, 1993
220. People vs. Recepcion, G.R. No. 141943, Nov. 13, 2002

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5. Warrantless Searches

a. Search of vessels and aircraft (customs searches).

221. Roldan vs. Arca, G.R. No. L-25434, July 25, 1975

b. Search of moving vehicles

222. Valmonte vs. De Villa, G.R. No. 83988, Sept. 29, 1989
223. Caballes vs. CA, G.R. No. 136292, Jan. 15, 2002
224. People vs. Libnao, G.R. No. 136860, Jan. 20, 2003

c. Search is incident to a lawful arrest

225. Pita vs. CA, G.R. No. 80806, Oct. 5, 1989

226. People vs. Malmstedt, G.R. No. 91107, June 19, 1991
227. Espano vs. CA, G.R. No. 120431, April 1, 1998
228. People vs. Chua Ho San, G.R. No. 128222, June 17, 1999

d. Right is waived or consented searches

229. People vs. Omaweng, G.R. No. 99050, Sept. 2, 1992

230. People vs. Canton, G.R. No. 202687, Jan. 14, 2015

e. Evidence in plain view

231. People vs. Musa, G.R. No. 96177, January 27, 1993
232. People vs. Figueroa, G.R. No. 97143, October 2, 1995

f. Valid stop and frisk

233. Manalili vs. CA, G.R. No. 113447, Oct. 7, 1997

234. People vs. Sy Chua, G.R. No. 136066, Feb. 4, 2003

g. Inspection of buildings for the enforcement of regulations

235. Camara vs. Mun. Court, 387 US 523, June 5, 1967

h. Search and seizure under exigent and emergency circumstances

236. People vs. De Gracia, G. R. Nos. 102009, July 6, 1994

SECTION 3(1) - PRIVACY OF COMMUNICATION & CORRESPONDENCE

237. Gaanan vs. IAC, G.R. No. L-69809, October 16, 1986
238. Ramirez vs. CA, G.R. No. 93833, Sept. 28, 1995
239. Zulueta vs. CA, G.R. No. 107383, February 20, 1996
240. Disini vs. Sec. of Justice, G.R. No. 203335, Feb. 11, 2014
241. Vivares vs. St. Theresa’s College, G.R. No. 202666, Sept. 29, 2014

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SECTION 3(2) - EXCLUSIONARY RULE (Fruit of the Poisonous Tree)

242. Alih vs. Castro, G.R. No. L-69401, June 23, 1987
243. People vs. Salazar, G.R. No. 99355, Aug. 11, 1997

SECTION 4 - FREEDOM OF SPEECH

A. ASPECTS OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

1. Freedom from Prior Restraint

2. Freedom from Subsequent Punishment

3. Types of Prior Restraint on Freedom of Speech

244. Chavez vs. Gonzales, G.R. No. 168338, Feb, 15, 2008
245. Diocese of Bacolod vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 205728, Jan. 21, 2015

1. Freedom from Prior Restraint

246. Grosjean vs. American Press, 297 US 233, February 10, 1936
247. Primicias vs. Fugoso, G.R. No. L-1800, Jan. 27, 1948
248. Gonzales vs. Comelec G.R. No. L-27833, April 18, 1969
249. Mutuc vs. Comelec, G.R. No. L-32717, Nov. 26, 1970
250. Sanidad vs. Comelec, G.R. No. L-44640, Oct. 12, 1976
251. Burgos vs. Chief of Staff, G.R. No. L-64261, Dec. 26, 1984
252. Adiong vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 103956, March 31, 1992
253. Chavez vs. Gonzales, G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008
254. Disini vs. Sec. of Justice, G.R. No. 203335, February 18, 2014
255. GMA Network vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 205357, September 2, 2014
256. Diocese of Bacolod vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 205728, Jan. 21, 2015

B. Movie Censorship

257. Lagunzad vs. Sotto Vda. de Gonzales, G.R. No. L-32066, Aug. 6, 1979
258. Gonzales vs. Katigbak, G.R. No. L-69500, July 22, 1985
259. Ayer Productions vs. Judge Capulong, G.R. No. L-82380, April 29, 1988
260. Viva Productions vs. CA and Hubert Webb, G.R. No. 123881, Mar. 13, 1997
261. ABS CBN vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 133486, Jan. 28, 2000
262. SWS vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 147571, May 5, 2001

2. Freedom from Subsequent Punishment

263. Baguio Midland Courier vs. CA, G.R. No. 107566, Nov. 25, 2004
264. Miriam College vs. CA, G.R. No. 127930, Dec. 15, 2000

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C. Three Tests of Valid Governmental Interference

1. Clear and Present Danger Rule

265. Primicias vs. Fugoso, G.R. No. L-1800, Jan. 27, 1948
266. Navarro vs.Villegas, G.R. No. L-31687, Feb. 26, 1970
267. JBL Reyes vs. Bagatsing, G.R. No. L-65366, Nov. 9, 1983

2. Dangerous Tendency Rule

268. People vs. Perez, G.R. No. 21049, Dec. 22, 1923
269. Cabansag vs. Fernandez, G.R. No. L-8974, Oct. 18, 1957
270. Bayan Muna vs. Executive Sec. Ermita, G.R. No. 169838, April 25, 2006

3. Balancing of Interest Rule

271. American Communications Association vs. Douds, 339 US 282, May 8, 1950
272. Zaldivar vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 79690, Oct. 7, 1988

D. Criticism of Official Conduct

273. US vs. Bustos, G.R. No. L-12592, March 8, 1918

274. People vs. Alarcon, G.R. No. 46551, December 12, 1939
275. In re Laureta, G.R. No. 68635, Mar. 12, 1987
276. In re column of Ramon Tulfo, A. M. 92-7-360-0, April 17, 1990
277. Estrada and PMP vs. Evardone, G.R. No. 159751, December 6, 2007
278. Cagas vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 209185, February 25, 2014

SECTION 4 - FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY AND PETITION

279. Navarro vs.Villegas, G.R. No. L-31687, Feb. 26, 1970

280. JBL Reyes vs. Bagatsing, G.R. No. L-65366, Nov. 9, 1983
281. Malabanan vs. Ramento, G.R. No. L-62270, May 21, 1984
282. Villar vs. TIP, G.R. No. L-69198, April 17, 1985
283. Dela Cruz vs. CA, G.R. No. 126183, Mar. 25, 1999
284. Bayan vs. Ermita, G.R. No. 169838, Apr. 23, 2006
285. Bayan Muna vs. Executive Sec. Ermita, G.R. No. 169838, April 25, 2006
286. GSIS vs. Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawa, G.R. No. 170132, Dec. 6, 2006

SECTION 5 - FREEDOM OF RELIGION

A. Components of Freedom of Religion

1. Non-Establishment Clause

287. Aglipay vs. Ruiz, G.R. No. L-45459,  March 13, 1937
288. Everson vs. Board of Education, 30 US 1, Feb. 10, 1947

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289. Tudor vs. Board of Education, 14 NJ 3, Dec. 7, 1953
290. Engel vs.Vitale, 370 US 421, June 25, 1962
291. Abington School vs. Schempp, 374 US 203, June 17, 1963
292. Garces vs. Estenzo, G.R. No. L-53487, May 25, 1981
293. Islamic Da’ wah Council vs. Exec. Secretary, G.R. No. 153888, July 9, 2003

2. Aspects of Religious Profession and Worship

a. Freedom to Believe
b. Freedom to Act on One’s Belief (Free Exercise Clause)

294. Reynolds vs. United States, 98 U.S. 145, January 6, 1879

295. American Bible Society vs. City of Manila, G.R. No. L-9637, April 30, 1957
296. Gerona vs. Sec. of Education, G.R. No. L-13954, Aug. 12, 1959
297. German vs. Barangan, G.R. No. L-68828, March 27, 1985
298. Ebralinag vs. Division Superintendent, G.R. No. 95770, March 1, 1993
299. Iglesia ni Cristo vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 119673, July 26, 1996
300. Soriano vs. La Guardia, G.R. No. 164765, March 15, 2010
301. Imbong vs. Ochoa, G.R. No. 204829, Apr. 8, 2014
302. Diocese of Bacolod vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 205728,  Jan. 21, 2015

B. Religious Tests

303. People vs. Lagman & Zosa, G.R. No. L-45892, July 13, 1938
304. In Re Summers, 325 US 561, June 11, 1945
305. Victoriano vs. Elizalde Ropes, G.R. No. L-25246, Sept. 12, 1974
306. Pamil vs. Teleron, G.R. No. L-34854, Nov. 20, 1978
307. Taruc vs. Bishop Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 044801, March 10, 2005
308. Estrada vs. Escritor, A.M. P-02-1651, June 22, 2006

SECTION 6 - LIBERTY OF ABODE AND TRAVEL

A. Scope of Liberty

B. Exceptions

309. Rubi vs. Provincial Board of Mindoro, G.R. No. L-14078, March 7, 1919
310. Villavicencio vs. Lukban, G.R. No. L-14639, March 25, 1919
311. Lorenzo vs. Director of Health, G.R. No. 27484, September 1, 1927
312. Caunca vs. Salazar, G.R. No. .L-2690, 1 January 1949
313. Salonga vs. Hermoso, G.R. No. L-53622, April 25, 1980
314. Manotoc vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-62100, May 30, 1986
315. PASEI vs. Drilon, G.R. No. 81958, June 30, 1988
316. Marcos vs. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211, October 27, 1989
317. Silverio vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 94284, April 8, 1991

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SECTION 7 - RIGHT TO INFORMATION

318. Legaspi vs. CSC, G.R. No. L-72119, May 29, 1987
319. Valmonte vs. Belmonte, G.R. No. 74930, February 13, 1989
320. Aquino-Sarmiento vs. Morato, G.R. No. 92541, November 13, 1991

SECTION 8 - FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION

A. Scope of the Freedom

1. Right to Form or Join

2. Right to Strike

321. In Re Edillon, A.M. No. 1928, August 3, 1978

322. Volkschel vs. Bureau of Labor Relations, G.R. No. L-45824, June 19, 1985
323. Central Negros Elec. vs. Sec. of Labor, G.R. No. 94045, September 13, 1991
324. United Pepsi Cola vs. Laguesma, G.R. No. 122226, March 25, 1998
325. GSIS vs. Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawa, G.R. No. 170132, Dec. 6, 2006

SECTION 9 - PAYMENT OF JUST COMPENSATION

SECTION 10 - NON-IMPAIRMENT CLAUSE

A. Basic Concepts

1. Meaning of Contract
2. Meaning of Law
3. Meaning of Impairment

326. Clemons vs. Nolting, G.R. No. L-17959, January 24, 1922
327. PHILRECA vs. Sec. of Energy, G.R. No. 143076, June 10, 2003

B. Limitations on Non-Impairment Clause

1. Police Power

328. Ilusorio vs. CAR, G.R. No. L-20344 May 16, 1966
329. Ortigas vs. Feati Bank, G.R. No. L-24670, Dec. 14, 1979
330. Ganzon vs. Inserto, G.R. No. L-56450, July 25, 1983
331. Tiro vs. Hontanosas, G.R. No. L-32312, Nov. 25, 1983
332. Caleon vs. Agus Dev. Corp. , G.R. No. 77365, April 7, 1992
333. PNB vs. Remigio, G.R. No. 78508, Mar. 21, 1994

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2. Eminent Domain

334. Long Island Water vs. City of Brooklyn, 166 US 685, April 16, 1897
335. La Insular vs. Machuca, G.R. No. L-13307, February 3, 1919

3. Power of Taxation

336. Alvarez vs. PICOP, G.R. No. 162243, November 29, 2006

SECTION 11 - FREE ACCESS TO COURTS

337. In Re: Query of Roger Prioreschi, A.M. No. 09-6-9-SC, Aug. 19, 2009

SECTION 12 - CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION

A. Elements of Custodial Investigation

338. Miranda vs. Arizona, 384 US 436, June 13, 1966

339. Gamboa vs. Cruz, G.R. No. L-56291, June 27, 1988
340. People vs. Bandula, G.R. No. 89223, May 27, 1994
341. People vs. Tan, G.R. No. 117321, Feb. 11, 1998
342. People vs. Galvez, G.R. No. 157221, March 30, 2007
343. Ho Wai Pang vs. People, G.R. No. 176229, Oct. 19, 2011

SECTION 13 - RIGHT TO BAIL

344. Manotoc vs. CA, G.R. No. L-62100, May 30, 1986
345. People vs. Judge Donato, G.R. No. 79269, June 5, 1991
346. Comendador vs. De Villa, G.R. No. 93177, Aug. 2, 1991
347. Baylon vs. Judge Sison, Adm. Matter No. 92-7-360-0, Apr. 6, 1995
348. Basco vs. Rapatalo, Adm. Matter No. RTJ-96-1335, Mar. 5, 1997
349. Govt. of the U.S. vs. Judge Puruganan, G.R. No. 148571, Sept. 24, 2002
350. Govt. of Hong Kong vs. Hon. Olalia, G.R. No. 153675, Apr. 19, 2007
351. Enrile vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 213847, Aug. 18, 2015

SECTION 14 - CRIMINAL DUE PROCESS

352. Galman vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 72670, Sept. 12, 1986
353. Tatad vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. L-72335, March 21, 1988
354. Alonte vs. Savellano, G.R. No. 131652, March 9, 1991

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Sec. 14 (2) - Presumption of Innocence

355. Dumlao vs. Comelec, G.R. No. L-52245, Jan. 22, 1980
356. People vs. Regulation, G.R. No. L-33489, Mar. 18, 1983
357. Feeder Int’l. vs. CA, G.R. No. 94262, May 31, 1991

Sec. 14 (2) - Right to be Heard by Himself and Counsel

358. People vs. Holgado, G.R. No. L-2809, Mar. 22, 1950
359. Flores vs. Ruiz, G.R. No. L-35707, May 31, 1979
360. People vs. Lumague, G.R. No. L-53586, Jan. 30, 1982

Sec. 14 (2) - Right to be Informed of the Nature and Cause of Accusation

361. People vs. Crisologo, G.R. No. 74145, June 17, 1987
362. Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 148560, Nov. 19, 2001
363. People vs. Bryan Dy, G.R. No. 115236-67, Jan. 29, 2002

Sec. 14 (2) - Right to be Speedy, Impartial, Public Trial

364. Aquino vs. Military Commission No. 2, G.R. No. L-37364, May 9, 1975
365. Martin vs.Ver, G.R. No. L-62810, July 25, 1983
366. Uy vs. Adriano, G.R. No. 159098, Oct. 27, 2006

367. People vs. Sanchez, G.R. Nos. 121039-45, Jan. 25, 1999
368. Live TV Coverage of the Trial of Estrada, A.M. No. 01-4-03-SC, June 29, 2001
369. Petition for Radio and Television Coverage of the Multiple Murder Cases vs.
Maguindanao Governor Zaldy Ampatuan, A.M. No. 10-11-5-SC, June 14, 2011

Sec. 14 (2) - Right of Confrontation

370. Talino vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. L-75511, March 16, 1987
371. People vs. Monje, G.R. No. 146689, Sept. 27, 2002

Sec. 14 (2) - Right to Compulsory Process

372. People vs. Bardaje, G.R. No. L-29271, Aug. 29, 1980
373. Roco vs. Contreras, G.R. No. 158275, June 28, 2005

Sec. 14 (2) - Trial in Absentia

374. Borja vs. Mendoza, G.R. No. L-45667, June 20, 1977
375. People vs.Valeriano, G.R. No. 103604, Sept. 23, 1993

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SECTION 15 - WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS

376. Lagman vs. Medialdea, G.R. No. 231658, July 4, 2017

377. Lagman vs. Pimentel, G.R. No. 235935, Feb. 6, 2018
378, Padilla vs. Congress, G.R. No. 231671, July 25, 2017

SECTION 16 - SPEEDY DISPOSITION OF CASES

379. Abadia vs. Court of Appeals, GR No. 105597, Sep 23, 1994
380. Cadalin vs. POEA Administrator, G.R. No. 143076, June 10, 2003
381. Tilendo vs. Ombudsman, G.R. No. 165975, September 13, 2007
382. Roquerol vs. Chancellor of U.P. Manila, G.R. No. 181851, March 9, 2010

SECTION 17 - RIGHT AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION

383. U.S. vs. Tan Teng, G.R. No. 7081, September 7, 1912
384. Villamor vs. Summers, G.R. No. 16444, September 8, 1920
385. Chavez vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-29169,  August 19, 1968
386. Pascual vs. Board of Examiners, G.R. No. L-25018, May 26, 1969
387. Alih vs. Castro, G.R. No. L-69401, June 23, 1987
388. People vs. Rondero, G.R. No. 125687, December 9, 1999
389. Peoplel vs. Gallarde, G.R. No. 133025, February 27, 2000
390. People vs.Vallejo, G.R. No. 144656, May 9, 2002

SECTION 18 (1) - NON-DETENTION BY REASON OF POLITICAL BELIEFS

SECTION 18 (2) - INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE

A. General Rule
B. Exceptions

391. People vs. Lagman and Zosa, G.R. No. L-45892, July 13, 1938
392. Robertson vs. Baldwin, 165 US 75, Jan. 25, 1897
393. US vs. Pompeya, G.R. No. L-10255, August 6, 1915
394. Kapisanan ng Manggagawa vs. Gotamco Sawmills, G.R. No. L-1573, Mar. 29, 1948

SECTION 19 - PROHIBITED PUNISHMENTS

395. Louisiana vs. Resweber, 329 U.S. 459, January 13, 1947
396. People vs. Estoista, G.R. No. L-5793, August 27, 1953
397. People vs. Dionisio, G.R. No. L-25513, March 27, 1968
398. Echegaray vs. Sec. of Justice, G.R. No. 117472. June 25, 1996

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SECTION 20 - NON-IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT

399. Sura vs. Martin, G.R. No. L-25091, November 29, 1968
400. Serafin vs. Lindayag, A.M. No. 297, September 30, 1975
401. Lozano vs. Martinez, G.R. No. L-63419, December 18, 1986
402. People vs. Nitafan, G.R. No. 75954, October 22, 1992

SECTION 21 - DOUBLE JEOPARDY

A. Requisites

403. US vs.Yam Tung Way, G.R. No. L-6217, December 18, 1911
404. People vs. Puno, G.R. Nos. 61864, May 8, 1992
405. People vs. Judge Pineda, G.R. No. 44205, Feb. 11, 1993
406. Flores vs. Joven, G.R. No. 129874, Dec. 17, 2002

B. Doctrine of Supervening Event

407. People vs. Adil, G.R. No. L-41863 Apri. 22, 1977

SECTION 22 - EX POST FACTO AND BILL OF ATTAINDER

A. Rationale
B. Kinds
C. Characteristics

408. People vs. Ferrer, G.R. No. L-8957, April 29, 1957
409. Bayot vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 61776 , March 23, 1984
410. Wright vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 113213, Aug. 15, 1994
411. Lacson vs. Exec. Sec., G.R. No. 128096, Jan. 20, 1999 
412. Fajardo vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 128508, Feb. 1, 1999
413. Salvador vs. Mapa, Jr., G.R. No. 135080, Nov. 28, 2007
414. Nasi-Villar vs. People, G.R. No. 176169, Nov. 14, 2008

-END-

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