Ganaane Kafaalo Academy Academic Year: 2018/2019

Somali Federal Ministry of Education, Culture and Higher Education

Form Four National Standardized Examination

May/June 2018

Geography Examination

Name:______________________________________________

Solved Examination

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Ganaane Kafaalo Academy Academic Year: 2018/2019

Part one: Multiple Choice Questions. Circle the correct answer

1. The capital city of Galmudug is:
a) Hobyo
b) Galkayo
c) Dhusamareb
d) Elbour
2. The Juba River enter the Indian Ocean at:
a) Bulogadud
b) Gobweyn
c) Jamame
d) Kismayo
3. Agriculture is an important sector in Somalia it accounts for
about_________ of GDP:
a) 70%
b) 40%
c) 50%
d) 65%
4. Where was Cocoa first grown:
a) East Africa
b) Central America
c) South America
d) North America
5. Trawling is a fishing method used to catch------------ fish:
a) Pilchard
b) Demersel
c) Pelagic
d) Anadromous
6. Plankton thrives in area where water is less than:
a) 1400m deep
b) 100m deep
c) 280m deep
d) 180m deep

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7. Which of the following countries are among the leading shipbuilders in the
world? ----------------------?!!!
a) Britain and Norway
b) Germany and Denmark
c) USA and Russia
d) Nigeria and Senegal
8. Which of the following is a non-renewable of sources of energy?
a) Solar
b) Wind
c) Petroleum
d) Animal traction
9. Before the invention of steam engine, sea vessels were driven by:
a) Petroleum
b) Nuclear power
c) Hydraulic power
d) Wind power
10. Which of the following is a negative effect of industrialization?
a) Sources of income
b) Improved infra-structure
c) Pollution
d) Employment opportunity
11. An activity directly concerned with the collection or utilization of
resources provided by nature is referred to as:
a) Primary industry
b) Secondary industry
c) Tertiary industry
d) Manufactured industry
12. When was Panama Canal opened?
a) 1920
b) 1914
c) 1869
d) 1856
13. Which one of the following sources of population data is not a secondary
source of data?

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Ganaane Kafaalo Academy Academic Year: 2018/2019

a) Unpublished report
b) Abstract statistics
c) Publishers report
d) Registration of persons
14. Quinnennial census is carried out every:
a) 5 years
b) 8 years
c) 9 years
d) 10 years
15. Which is the rarest type of migration?
a) Rural-rural
b) Urban-urban
c) Rural-urban
d) Urban-rural
16. The modern meaning of the word ‘urban’ is:
a) Countryside
b) City
c) Village
d) Town
17. The two element of climate which influence where people settle are:
a) Temperature and wind
b) Rainfall and temperature
c) Rainfall and wind
d) Wind and humidity
18. Which one of the following regions of Somalia does not touch the Indian
Ocean?
a) Middle Shabelle
b) Mudug
c) Bay
d) Lower Shabelle
19. The main rain season of Gu’ in Somalia lasts from:
a) September-November
b) April-June
c) December-March

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d) January-March
20. In Somalia, livestock contributes about:
a) 40% of GDP
b) 50% of GDP
c) 15% of GDP
d) 45% of GDP

Part two: Answer the following questions

1. Name three Somalia terrains.
a) Plateaus
b) Highland
c) Plains
2. State three types of farming.
a) Subsistence farming
b) Commercial farming
c) Mixed farming
3. Write down the two main groups of rice.
a) Indica
b) Japonica
4. Describe the following fish community:
a) Pelagic fish: are those communities that live near the surface or at
shallow depths of seas. They live and move in shoals
b) Demersel live at or close to the bottom of seas
5. Name any two fishing method.
a) Harpooning: This is the use of spears, arrows or sticks to strike the fish
in water. This is common in clear, shallow water where the fish is visible.
b) Baskets: Some communities place baskets in shallow waters and ponds
to attract fish. Baits are kept in the baskets to entice the fish.
6. Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable source of energy.
a) Renewable Sources of Energy has the natural ability to reappear after
being in use, through quick recycling. Examples of renewable sources of
energy are solar, wind, water and animal traction.
b) Non-renewable sources of energy lack the natural capacity of recycling
themselves after exhaustion. These energy sources include fossil fuels
such as petroleum, coal, peat, natural gas and nuclear energy.

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7. Name any two advantages of water transport.

a) Resistance
b) Infra-structure
c) economical
8. Define transport.
 Transport is the act of moving, carrying and conveying items and people
from one place to another.
9. State two waterways of Africa.
a) The Nile River
b) The Congo river
10. Write down three roles of transport and communication in
development.
a) Movement: Raw materials, finished products and people have to be
mobile so as to facilitate development activities.raw materials have to be
moved from where they are found to other locations for processing.
b) Market Size: The area within which products can be acquired is often
restricted by available transport and communication facilities. Modern
transport and communications facilities have enabled the creation of
world market.
c) Service: Transport and communication are in themselves distinct
economic activities. They provide employment and income-generating
opportunities to individuals.
11. Compare industry and industrialization.
 An industry is an enterprise which enables man to produce goods and
services for consumption and to earn an income, while Industrialization
is the process and pace at which a country or community sets to establish
industries.
12. Write down the capital cities of the following regions:
a) Bakol region = Hudur
b) Middle Juba region = Bu’ale
c) Sanag region = Ericavo
d) Lower Shabelle region = Marco

13. List down three effects of migration.

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a) In the case of the movement away from the rural areas, there is some
relief of rural population pressure. This may create more room for
agriculture thereby boosting food production
b) Migration also affects the composition of the population because it
affects the young productive population. Majority of those left behind
are children and the old.
c) Although the standard of living is high in towns, many of the immigrants
do not live comfortably due to lack of sufficient affordable housing. This
leads of the establishment of slum dwellings.
14. Define trade.
 Trade refers to the buying and selling of goods and services. In other
words, trade is the exchange of goods and services for other goods and
services or for money.
15. State three factors influencing trade.
a) Demand and Supply: For any transaction to be carried out there must
be adequate demand for the goods and a good source of supply.
b) Transport and Communication: The supply of items is facilitated by
adequate means of transport and communication.
c) Capital: The most important item of trade is money which is used in the
exchange of goods and services.
16. State three causes of migration.
a) Pressure on Land: Districts that are densely populated do not offer
enough farmland for the increasing population. This results in reduced
food supplies. To
b) Better Employment Opportunities: The school leavers usually move to
urban areas in search of jobs. People also move from one town to another
in search of better paying jobs.
c) Warfare: Whenever civil wars erupt in a country people are no longer
safe. They move to new areas, usually in neighboring countries to seek
refuge.
17. Name three settlements patterns.
a) Nucleated Settlement Patterns: consist of close-knit compacted
homesteads built together to form a nucleus or a cluster.
b) Dispersed Settlement Patterns: unlike the nucleated ones, are much
scattered and widely set and are randomly distributed in the countryside.

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c) Linear Settlement Patterns: are formed when people build homesteads

along a river, canal or along a line of transport like a road, railway or
along the path of piped water and electricity.
18. Differentiate between commercial fishing and subsistence fishing.
 Subsistence fishing refers to fishing that is carried out primarily to feed
the family and relatives of the person doing the fishing while
commercial fishing refers to the activity of catching fish and other
seafood for commercial profit.
19. Write down three negative effects of industrialization.
a) Pollution: Industrialization can lead to the pollution of the environment.
The emission of toxic gases leads to a degradation of the environment.
They affect both man and the other inhabitants of such an environment.
b) Neglecting Agriculture: In some countries where either heavy
manufacturing or extractive industry is dominant," there is a tendency to
neglect agriculture.
c) Creation of Unemployment: Industrialization leads to new innovations.
Some of these technological innovations lead to the replacement of
manpower. For instance, computers have replaced thousands of potential
employees.
20. State three conditions necessary for fishing.
a) Presence of Plankton: Fish, like all other organisms require food for
their sustenance. Fish feed on small marine organisms and small
vegetable substances the availability or scarcity of fish depends upon the
availability of food.
b) Nature of the Coastline: The nature of a coastline also determines the
availability of fish. Un indented coastlines discourage deep sea fishing
and the development of fishing ports.
c) Level of Technology: The ability to exploit fish resources from their
natural habitat usually has a bearing on the equipment being used.

The End

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