SOLARES, FIEL ERICSON R.

BSCE 4 – MECHANICS OF FLUIDS: ACTIVITY NO. 2

1. A vertical rectangular gate as shown is 5 m wide, 9 m high is hinged at the top, has oil (sp.gr. = 0.84)
standing 10 m deep on one side, the liquid surface being under a pressure of -16.48 kPa.
a. Compute the hydrostatic force acting on the gate.
b. How far is the force acting below the hinged?
c. How much horizontal force applied at the bottom of is needed to open the gate?

SOLUTION:
a. Force acting on the gate:

ρoil
SGoil=
ρw
ρ oil
0.84=
1 kg/ m3
kg
ρoil =0.84
m3
P= ρoil g h1

kg m
16.48 kPa= 0.84
( m 3 )( )
9.81 2 ( h1 )
s
h1 =2m

h2 =10−h 1−4.5=3.5 m

F P=γhA

F P=(ρ¿¿ oil g)hA ¿

kN m
F P= 0.84
( m3 )( 9.81
s2 )
(3.5 m)(5 m)(9 m)

F P=1297.863 kN

b. Location of the force below the hinged:

Ic
e=
Sc A

(5)(9)3

e=
[ 12 ]
( 3.5 ) ( 5 ) (9)
e=1 . 9 29 m
Location of the force below thehinged =1.9 2 9+4.5
Location of the force below thehinged =6.429 m

c. Horizontal force needed to open the gate:

Σ M o =0
F ( 9 )=1297.863(6.429)
F=927.107 kN

2. A gate 3m high, 1.5m wide is hinged at point B and rests against a smooth wall at A. Point A is 1.8m
vertically above B. If the total depth of sea water is 4.6m
a. Compute the total hydrostatic force acting on the gate.
b. Compute the location of the center of pressure from B
c. Compute the horizontal force exerted by the wall at A.

SOLUTION:
a. Total hydrostatic force acting on the gate:
1.8
h1 =4.6− =3.7 m
2
P=γ sw h1 A
kN
( )
P= 10.06 3 (3.7 m)(1.5 m)(3 m)
m
P=167.50 kN

b. Location of the center of pressure from B:

1.8
tanθ=
2.4
θ=36.87 °
3.7
sin 36.87 °=
y
y=6.17 m

Ic
e=
yA
e=¿ ¿
e=0.122 m
Location of the center of pressure ¿ B=1.5−0.122
Location of the center of pressure ¿ B=1.38 m

c. Horizontal force exerted by the wall at A:

Σ M o =0
F¿
F=128.42 kN
 3. Assuming the unit weight of water = 9.79 kN/m3
a. Compute the horizontal component of the hydrostatic force on the quarter of circle face of the tank
shown.
b. Compute the vertical component of the hydrostatic force on the quarter of circle face of the tank
shown.
c. Compute the resultant force.

SOLUTIONS:

a. Horizontal component of the hydrostatic force:

Ph=γ w h́ A
kN
P=9.79 3 ( 4.5 m ) (1 m ) (7 m)
m
P=308.385 kN
b. Vertical component of the hydrostatic force:
Pv =weight of water onthe shaded area
π ( 1 )2
[
Pv = ( 5 m) ( 7 m )( 1 m )−
4 ]( kN
( 7 ) 9.79 3
m )
Pv =288.827 kN

c. Resultant force
2 2
R=√ ( 288.827 ) + ( 308.385 )
R=422.519 kN