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Skoog Chapter 22 Jawaban
Skoog Chapter 22 Jawaban
NIM : 1806021
Kelas : A
Skoog Chapter 22
Jawaban :
22.3 For each the following half-cells, compare the electrode potentials calculated from (1)
concentration and (2) activity data.
a. HCl(0.0200 M),NaCl(0.0300M)|H2(1.00 atm)|Pt
b. Fe(ClO4)2(0.0111 M),Fe(ClO4)3(0.0111M)|Pt
Jawab :
a) 2H+ + 2e- ↔ H2 E0 = 0.000 V
0.0592 1
(1) E = 0.000 – log [ ] = -0.101 V
2 (0.020)²
(2) Kekuatan ion : μ = ⅟₂ [0.02 x 1² + 0.03 x 1² + 0.05 x 1²] = 0.050
Dari tabel a2-1, ϒH+ = 0.86 dan αH+ = 0.86 x 0.02 = 0.0172
0.0592
E = 0.000 – log ¿] = 0.104 V
2
b) Fe3+ + e- ↔ Fe2+ E0 = 0.771 V
0.0111
(1) E = 0.771 – 0.0592 log = 0.771 V
0.0111
(2) μ = ⅟₂[0.0111 x 2² + 0.0111 x 3² + 2 x 0.0111 x 1² + 3 x 0.0111 x 1²]
μ = 0.100
dari tabel a2-1
ϒFe2+ = 0.40 dan αFe2+ = 0.04 x 0.0111 = 0.00444
ϒFe3+ = 0.18 dan αFe3+ = 0.18 x 0.0111 = 0.00200
0.00444
E = 0.771 – 0.0592 log = 0.750 V
0.00200
22.4 For each the following half-cells, compare the electrode potentials calculated from (1)
concentration and (2) activity data.
a. Sn(ClO4)2(3.00 x 10-5 M), Sn(ClO4)4 (6.00 x 10-5 M)|Pt
b. SN(ClO4)2(3.00 x 10-5 M), Sn(ClO4)4 (6.00 x 10-5 M), NaClO4 (0.0800 M)|Pt
Jawab :
a) Sn2+ + 2e- ↔ Sn2+ E0 = 0.154 V
0.0592 ¿
(1) E = 0.154 – log [3.00 x 10 ⁻⁵ ¿ −5 ]= 0.163 V
2 (6.00 x 10 )
(2) μ = ⅟₂ [3.00 x 10⁻⁵ x 2² + 6.00 x 10⁻⁵ x 4² + 6.00 x 10⁻⁵ x 1² + 24 x 10⁻⁵ x
1²] = 6.9 x 10⁻⁴
Dari persamaan a2-3
0.509(2)² √ 6.9 x 10 ⁻ ⁴
-log ϒSn2+ = = 0.05085
1+ 3.28 x 0.6 √ 6.9 x 10⁻ ⁴
ϒSn2+ = 0.890 dan αSn2+ = 0.890 x 3.00 x 10⁻⁵ = 2.67 x 10⁻⁵
0.509(4 )² √6.9 x 10 ⁻ ⁴
-log ϒSn4+ = = 0.195
1+ 3.28 x 1.1 √ 6.9 x 10 ⁻ ⁴
ϒSn4+ = 0.638 dan αSn4+ = 0.638 x 6.00 x 10⁻⁵ = 3.83 x 10⁻⁵
0.0592 (2.67 x 10−5)
E = 0.154 - log [ ]= 0.159 V
2 (3.83 x 10 ⁻⁵)
b) (1) dari jawaban no 4a, E = 0.163 V
(2) disini kontribusi spesi timah untuk μ diabaikan dan μ = 0.0800
0.509 (2)² √ 0.080
-log ϒSn2+ = = 0.3699
1+ 3.28 x 0.6 √ 0.080
ϒSn2+ = 0.427 dan αSn2+ = 0.427x 3.00 x 10⁻⁵ = 1.28 x 10⁻⁵
0.509(4 )² √ 0.080
-log ϒSn4+ = = 1.140
1+ 3.28 x 1.1 √ 0.080
ϒSn4+ = 0.072 dan αSn4+ = 0.072 x 6.00 x 10⁻⁵ = 4.35 x 10⁻⁶
0.0592 (1.28 x 10−5 )
E = 0.154 - log [ ] = 0.140 V
2 (4.35 x 10⁻ ⁶)
22.5 Calculate the potential of a silver electrode in contact with the following:
a. a solution that is 0.0150 M in I2 and saturated with AgI.
b. a solution that is 0.0040M in CN- and 0.0600M in Ag(CN)2-.
c. The solution that results from mixing 25.0mL of 0.0500 KBr with 20.0mL of
0.100 M Ag+
d. The solution that results from mixing 25.0mL of 0.0500 Ag +with 20.0mL of
0.100 M KBr
Jawab :
a) E = -0.151 – 0.0592 log (0.0150) = -0.043 V
(0.0040) ²
b) E = -0.31 – 0.0592 log = -0.10 V
0.0600
c) mmol Br⁻ = 25.0 x 0.0500 = 1.25
mmol Ag+ = 20.0 x 0.100 = 2.00
Kelebihan Br⁻ = 2.00 – 1.25 = 0.75 mmol dalam total volume 45.0 mL
0.75
[Br⁻] = = 0.0167 M
45.0
E = 0.073 – 0.0592 log (0.0167) = 0.178 V
Jawab :
0.0592 (2.00 x 10−2 )²
a) E = 1.33 - log [ ]= 1.20 V
6 (4.00 x 10⁻ ³)(0.100) ¹⁴
0.0592 0.100
b) E = 0.334 - log =0.307 V
2 0.200 x (0.600) ⁴
22.7 Calculate the theoretical potential of each of the following cells. Is the cell reaction
spontaneous as written or spontaneous in the opposite direction?
a. Pt|Cr3+ (1.00 x 10-4 M), Cr2+ (2.00 x 10 -3 M) || Pb2+ (5.60 x 10 -2 M)|Pb
b. Hg|Hg22+ +(2.00 x 10 -2M) || H+ (1.00 x 10 -2M), V3+ (3.00 x 10 -2M), VO (2.00
x 10 -3 M)|Pt
c. Pt|Fe3+ (4.00 x 10 -2 M), Fe2+ (3.00 x 10-5 M) || Sn2+ (5.50 x 10 -2 M), Sn4+ (3.50
x 10 -4 M)|Pt
Jawab :
0.0592
a) Ekanan = -0.126 - log ¿-0.159 V
2
2 x 10 ⁻ ³
Ekiri = -0.408 – 0.0592 log = -0.485 V
1 x 10⁻ ⁴
Esel = -0.159 – (-0.485)= 0.326 V
Sel spontan, reaksi oksidasi tertulis di kiri, reduksi di kanan
b) disebelah kanan kita memiliki VO2+ + 2H+ + e- ↔ V3+ + H2O
3.00 x 10⁻ ²
Ekanan = 0.359 – 0.0592 log = 0.053 V
(2.00 x 10−3)(1.00 x 10−2) ²
0.0592 1
Ekiri = 0.788 - log = 0.738 V
2 2 x 10⁻ ²
Esel = 0.053 – 0.738 = -0.685 V
Sel tidak spontan dalam arah yang dipertimbangkan (oksidasi di kiri, reduksi
di kanan), tetapi spontan dalam arah yang berlawanan
0.0592 5.50 x 10 ⁻ ²
c) Ekanan = 0.154 - log = 0.089 V
2 ( 3.50 x 10− 4 )
3.00 x 10 ⁻ ⁵
Ekiri = 0.771 – 0.0592 log = 0.956 V
(4.00 x 10−2 )
Esel = 0.089 – 0.956 = -0.867 V
Sel tidak spontan dalam arah yang dipertimbangkan, melainkan spontan pada
arah yang berlawanan (reduksi di kiri, oksidasi di kanan)
22.8 Calculate the theoretical potential of each of the following cells. Is the cell reaction
spontaneous as written or spontaneous in the opposite direction?
a. Bi|BiO+ (0.0400 M), H+ (0.200 M) || I- (0.100 M), AgI (sat'd)|Ag
b. Zn|Zn2+(7.50 X 10-4M)||Fe(CN)64- (4.50 x 10-2M),Fe(CN)63- (7.00 x10-2M)| Pt
c. Pt2H2 (0.200 atm)|HCI (7.50 X 10-4M), AgCI (sat'd)|Ag
Jawab :
1. a) Ekanan = -0.151 – 0.0592 log 0.100 = -0.092
0.0592 1
Ekiri = 0.320 - log = 0.265 V
3 ( 0.0400 ) (0.200) ²
Esel = -0.092 – 0.265 = -0.357 V tidak spontan seperti yang tertulis
4.50 x 10 ⁻²
b) Ekanan = 0.36 – 0.0592 log −2 = 0.37 V
(7.00 x 10 )
0.0592 1
Ekiri = -0.763 -
2
log = 0.265 V
(7.00 x 10−⁴ )
Esel = 0.37 – (-0.86) = 1.23 V spontan seperti yang tertulis
(oksidasi di kiri)
c) Ekanan = 0.222 – 0.0592 log (7.50 x 10⁻⁴) = 0.407 V
0.0592 0.200
Ekiri = 0.000 -
2
log −⁴ = -0.164 V
(7.50 x 10 )²
Esel = 0.407 – (-0.164) = 0.571 V spontan seperti yang tertulis
(oksidasi di kiri)
Given that the formation constant for the complex is 1.0 x 1022.
Jawab :
Ni2+ + 2e– ⇌ Ni(s) E0 = – 0.250 V
Ni(CN)42– + 2e– ⇌ Ni(s) + 4CN– E0 = ?
0.0592 1
E¿ 2+¿/ ¿ = −250− log ¿
¿
2 ¿ ¿
K f =¿ ¿ ¿4
0.0592
E = −250− log Kf ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
2
reaksi kedua :
0.0592
E = −E0 − log Kf ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
2
0.0592
When [CN–]4/[Ni(CN)42–] = 1.00, E = −250− log Kf
2
0.0592
E0 = −250− L og 1 x 1022=−0.90V
2
22.10 The solubility product constant for PbI2 is 7.1 x 10-9 at 25oC. Calculate Eo for the process
PbI2 (s) + 2e- ↔ Pb(s) + 2I2
Jawab :
Pb2+ + 2e– ⇌ Pb(s) E0 = – 0.126 V
PbI2 (s) + 2e– ⇌ Pb(s) + 2I– E0 = ?
0.0592 1
E Pb 2+¿/ Pb = −0.126− log ¿
¿
2 ¿¿
0.0592
E PbI / Pb = E0 − log ¿ ¿¿ ¿
2
2
Ksp= ¿ ¿ = 7.1 x 10−9
E 0.0592
Pb 2+¿/ Pb=−0.126− log¿ ¿¿¿ ¿¿
2
Dimana :
¿¿
2
0.0592 [ 1.00 ]
E0 =−0.126− log =−0.367 V
2 7.1 x 10−9
Jawab :
BiO+ + 2H+ + 3e– ⇌ Bi(s) + H2O E0 = +0.320 V
BiOCl(s) + 2H+ + 3e– ⇌ Bi(s) + Cl– + H2O E0 = ?
0.0592 [ Bi ]
E BiO + ¿/Bi
¿ = +0.320− log ¿ ¿ ¿
3
0.0592
E BiO + ¿/Bi = E0 − log ¿ ¿¿
¿
3
Ksp= [BiO+¿ ¿ ¿ = 8.1 x 10−1 9
E 0.0592
BiO+ ¿/Bi =+ 0.320V − log¿ ¿¿¿ ¿
3
Dimana :
¿¿
2
0.0592 [ 1.00 ] M
E0 =+0.320− log
3 8 .1 x 10−19 M
E0 =−0.037 V
Jawab :
Al3+ + 3e– ⇌ Al(s) E0 = – 1.662 V
Al ¿ ¿ E0 = ?
0.0592 [ Al]
E Al 3+ ¿/ Al
¿ = – 1.662 V − log ¿ ¿ ¿
3
K f =¿ ¿ ¿
0.0592
E = −1.662 V − log Kf ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
3
0 0.0592
E=E − log ¿ ¿¿ ¿ ¿
3
Dimana :
¿¿¿¿
0.0592
E0 = −1.662 V − log Kf
3
0.0592
E0 = −1.662 V − log ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
3
0.0592
E0 = −1.662 V − log 1.3 x 1013
3
E0 =−1.92V
Jawab :
1
E = −0.336 V −0.592 log +¿ ¿
[Tl ]
[Cl ]−¿
E = −0.336 V −0.592 log ¿
Ksp
Dimana :
¿ ¿TlCl = - 0.557 V
1
−0.557 = −0.336 V −0.592 log
Ksp
Ksp= 1.85 x 10-4
Jawab :
Ag2SeO4(s) + 2e ⇌ 2Ag(s) + SeO42- E0 =+0.355 V
Ag+ (s) + 2e ⇌ 2Ag(s) E0 =+0.799 V
0 0.0592 [ Ag]
E =0.799 V − log ¿ ¿ ¿
1
0.0592
E0 =0.799 V − log ¿ ¿ ¿
2
Dimana :
¿ Ag2SeO4 = 0.355 V
0.0592
0.355 V =0.799 V − log ¿ ¿ ¿
2
0.0592 1.00
0.355 V =0.799 V − log
2 [ Ksp ]
1.00
0.355 V – 0.799 V = - 0.0296 log
[ Ksp ]
−0.444 1.00
=log
0.296 [ Ksp ]
15=log 1−log Ksp
Log Ksp = - 15
Ksp = 1 x 10-15
E = 0.337 – 0.0592log 1
right =0.242 V
2.5 x 10−2
E 3.42 x10 −2
¿=1.00−0.592log ¿¿
(2.67 x10 ¿¿−4 )¿¿¿
Jawab :
1
Eright = 0.337 – 0.0592 log = 0.242 V
2,50 x 10−2
3,42 x 10−2
Eleft = 1,00 – 0,0592 log 2 = 0,601 V
2,67 x 10−4 x ( 4,81 x 10−3 )
Eright – Eleft = 0.242 – 0.601 = –0.359 V
Ecell = Eright – Eleft – IR = –0.359 – 0.0750 × 3.81 = –0.644 V
Ecell = 0,24 V