Shah Jahan (5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666) was the fifth Mughal emperor, reigning from

1628 to 1658. Under his rule, the Mughal Empire reached the peak of its cultural glory. He
commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, in which his
favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal, is entombed. This rosette, or shamsa (sunburst), executed in ink,
opaque watercolor, and gold on paper, forms the frontispiece to the Kevorkian Album, a muraqqa
compiled by Shah Jahan, and bears his names and titles. The Arabic tughra inscription in the
center translates to: "His Majesty Shihab ud-Din Muhammad Shah Jahan, the King, Warrior of
the Faith, may God perpetuate his dominion and sovereignty".