CAUP + DAAD

MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DESIGN - 2ND YEAR BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE DESIGN

COLLAB
STUDIO
FALL
2018

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT OF ARCASIA

AND URBAN PLANNING, ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN, ARCHITECTS
TONGJI UNIVERSITY, COMSATS UNIVERSITY REGIONAL
SHANGHAI, CHINA LAHORE, PAKISTAN COUNCIL ASIA
Written and Curated by:

Muhammad Talha Muftee

Lecturer
Department of Architecture and Design
COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore
Pakistan

Cover Image Provided by:

Sana Haseeb Gilani

Student, 2nd Year B.Arch
Department of Architecture and Design
COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore
Pakistan

Special Thanks to:

Dr. Raheel Qamar

Rector COMSATS University Islamabad

Dr. Qaisar Abbas

Director COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

Dr. Samra Khan

Dean Architecture and Design COMSATS University Islamabad

Waqar Aziz
Head of Department, Department of Architecture and Design CUI, Lahore Campus

Jahangir Khan Sherpao

President ARCASIA - Architects Regional Council Asia

Dr. Cai Yongjie

Director of Architecture Department, CAUP, Tongji University

Dr. Zhang Jianlong

Director of Fundamental Architecture Program, CAUP, Tongji University

Dr. Zhuo Minghao

Deputy Director of International Cooperation Office, CAUP, Tongji University

Tian Weijia
Director Assistant of Fundamental Architecture Program, CAUP, Tongji University
 STUDIO FACULTY

CAUP, TONGJI UNIVERSITY

Tian Weijia
Associate Professor

Dr. Iris Belle

Assistant Professor

Talha Muftee
Visiting Lecturer

DAAD, COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD , LAHORE CAMPUS

Waqar Aziz
Associate Professor

Asim Munir
Lecturer

Yasmin Cheema
Advisor
FEATURED WORKS

CAUP, TONGJI UNIVERSITY

“Converging Drops” by Supatcha Ninratsuwan

1756028 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

“Fawlty Towers” by Jordan Thompson

1756030 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

“The Plaza” by Joyce Chen

1756025 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

“The Common” by Pearce Cohen

TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

DAAD, COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD , LAHORE CAMPUS

“Biophilia“ by Owais Akhtar

FA17-BAR-058 CUI Lahore B.Arch

“Synergy” by Orooba Tanvir

FA17-BAR-003 CUI Lahore B.Arch

“Opacity and Transparency” by Dania Ahmed

FA17-BAR-012 CUI Lahore B.Arch

“Voids” by Adnan Sultan

FA17-BAR-013 CUI Lahore B.Arch

“Defying Gravity“ by Sana Haseeb Gilani

FA17-BAR-037 CUI Lahore B.Arch

The collaborative project titled “Multi-
Dimensional Design (Student Activity
Centre)” was initiated as a result of the faculty
exchange program started by ARCASIA to
promote cross-border learning and research
between architectural institutions of Asian
countries in October 2018. The participating
institutions for the pilot program including
College of Architecture and Urban Planning,
Tongji University (Shanghai, China) and
Department of Architecture and Design,
COMSATS University Islamabad (Lahore
Campus, Pakistan).
As per faculty exchange Professor Zhang
Jianlong (directing the first two years
of Bachelors program at CAUP) visited
COMSATS University Islamabad to conduct
a design workshop while Talha Muftee
(lecturer teaching 2nd year architecture
studio at DAAD) visited CAUP for the Fall
2018 semester to teach in the 2nd year
architecture design studio and deliver
lectures related to architecture of Pakistan.
During the exchange it was realized that
while both CAUP and DAAD shared similar
visions and objectives, both studios could
benefit from a more active exchange of
ideas in case of pedagogy and student
development. For this purpose the design
project, while a part of the existing curriculum
of CAUP was appropriated by DAAD for a
Figure 1: CAUP students sharing design process with students at DAAD during one of the online interactive sessions.
INTRODUCTION
parallel project with similar constraints to be
conducted in Lahore. The primary reason for
appropriating a project by CAUP was the fact
CAUP semester time line preceded DAAD
semester by almost 3 weeks. Thus, by the
time DAAD students finished their second
design project (“The Stop - Transitory Space”),
CAUP students were underway their design
development stages of their third and final
semester design project “Multi-Dimensional
Design (Student Activity Centre)”. This
difference in time line also meant that live
collaboration or cross-studio crit were not
feasible logistically.
To tackle this shift in time lines, it was
decided that students from both DAAD and
CAUP would engage with their peers via
online video conferencing and get feedback
on their design stages as both studios
progressed with their respective schedule.
This compilation is thus a curation of
some of the works produced by 2nd year
Architecture design students of both CAUP
in Shanghai, China and DAAD in Lahore,
Pakistan under the exchange by ARCASIA.
Along with studio curation this compilation
also aims to highlight some of the objectives,
challenges and possible modifications for
future iterations in hope that CAUP and DAAD
engage in further cross-border exchange,
architectural and pedagogical discourse.
OBJECTIVES

REMOTE LEARNING parts of the world, the DAAD version of

the project followed the original CAUP
To use online platforms for students and project in terms of site and situation. The
studios to connect for a remote learning resulting projects at both CAUP and DAAD
experience. Despite a difference in time line hence had similar constraints physically
due to limited time for planning at time of as well as in terms of project deliverables
exchange, two interactive sessions via online and learning outcomes. This would
video conferencing application Skype were allow students of 2nd year architecture
held in which students from DAAD and CAUP design to engage in the discourse on how
shared their respective design concepts and often subtle and non-physical aspects
progress. of context can have vast influences on
perception and design logic, resulting
INSIGHT AND FEEDBACK in a diverse outcome of projects when a
site along with its physical characteristics
Constructive feedback and critique is is shifted between Shanghai and Lahore.
a vital part of an evolutionary design
process for both DAAD and CAUP. For COLLABORATION FRAMEWORK
students it shall provide opportunities
of critical thinking and introspection As this was the first round of faculty
regarding their own design process exchange by ARCASIA, the nature of the
as they provide feedback on works of exchange was refined as the exchange
their peers. The peer review would also progressed through Fall 2018 semester
allow students to gain an insight on how at DAAD and CAUP. Since both schools
different studios approach the same expressed interest in extending this
project and its challenges through design exchange regularly and seeking venues for
logic stemming from unique perspectives collaborative research this collaborative
of culture and regional understanding of studio project would be a key experiment
architecture. to test for viable regular exchanges of this
nature. By conducting and compiling the
CONTEXT AND DESIGN LOGIC body of work produced, both schools will
have necessary data to define a cross-
To allow for a comparative analysis of studio collaboration framework and
design evolution in studios from different refine future iterations of this project.

Figure 2: DAAD participants of the collaborative studio presenting their projects to reviewers in CUI Lahore, Pakistan.
 CHALLENGES

As this collaborative endeavour was in and conceptual understanding of both

essence a prototype, there were various
challenges faced which could be addressed
in future iterations with better planning and
scheduling of collaborative studio between
CAUP and DAAD.
LOGISTICS
Considering the different time zones and
studio timings, opportunities for online
interactive sessions were limited. Coupled
with technical limitations, live feedback
was not possible. One way to mitigate was
by compiling feedback separately and
sharing with opposite studios after online
presentations.
SEMESTER STRUCTURE
students in relation to architectural design
varied. The primary difference being the
differing curriculum of first year. CAUP as
a department has three major streams
i.e. Architecture, Urban Planning and
Landscape. Hence their first year curriculum
is oriented towards spatial understanding
and language of architecture. While the
major academic streams of DAAD comprise
of Architecture Design, Design and Interior
Design, the first year curriculum at the time
was not specifically focused on architecture
but on a broader understanding of design
principles and processes. This results in
DAAD students experiencing architecture
design projects in 3rd semester, meanwhile
CAUP students start working on such
projects from 1st semester.

As mentioned earlier, the semester time lines MEDIA

of DAAD and CAUP varied by approximately
3 weeks. Hence students of both studios As mentioned above the structure of both
were not in the same stages of design schools vary in terms of when students
throughout the project which limited the are introduced to tools and methodologies
comparative analytical aspect of peer review
of architecture design. Due to which the
and feedback based learning. For example, tools employed by both groups of students
the CAUP students completed the project was different. While CAUP students by
on 3rd of January 2019 while DAAD students3rd semester are more comfortable with
completed their work on 21st of January digital tools of architectural representation,
2019. DAAD students are encouraged to explore
design through analog mediums for a more
CURRICULUM intimate understanding of architectural
design. While this difference was not a
While both DAAD and CAUP share similar highly restrictive one for DAAD students,
visions and learning outcomes for 2nd the difference was more apparent in how
year of bachelors in architecture, the much time is required for both studios to
overall curriculum meant that theoretical produce iterations and designs.

Figure 3: Visiting lecturer Talha Muftee presenting works of DAAD students for a feedback session to CAUP students at Tongji University,
Shanghai, China.
PROJECT BRIEF

Collaborative Project – Department of Architecture and Design, COMSATS

University Islamabad, Lahore Campus & College of Architecture and Urban
Planning, Tongji University, China
Multi-dimensional Design – University Activity Centre
2nd year architectural design studio – Semester 3
Project Duration: 6 weeks

Preamble

The practice of architecture is bound to context specific issues such as location, socio-
cultural environment and economics. globalization necessitates an investigation into
traditional definition of geo-centric contextuality. A shift from geo-centric definition of
context to issues of global connectivity, aligns architectural production to prevalent cultural
scenarios and emerging issues in build environment design.

The collaborative project is an attempt to investigate architectural design in the current

milieu of global culture. It is an opportunity for exchange of ideas between young designers
of diverse cultures, promoting inter-cultural learning.

Furthermore, the collaborative project allows for experimentation in studio pedagogy and
an opportunity for inter-departmental learning.

Collaboration Objectives

1. To expand the understanding of multi- culturalism and global/ local identity

through dialogue and exchange of ideas
2. An attempt to experiment in studio pedagogy, though collaborative learning
3. Establish a venue for future collaboration and academic learning

Project Learning Objectives

College of Architecture and Urban Planning

The result of an architectural design process is influenced by a number of integral factors.

The creation of architectural shape is the result of combining logic and function. The
architectural design process considers particularly the logics of creation of space and shape,
integration of functions and functionality, structure and material, site and environs.
Upon completion of the project, the student will have combined those logics and presented
them in plan and model.

Department of Architecture and Design

Architectural form finding is a multi-layered process. Program, functionality, context,

construction methods are among few of the important factors driving the final form. In
addition to a logical resolution of these factors, architectural form allows the creation of
emotive experiences through aesthetics, scale/ proportion and hapticity.
The project shall impart an understanding of form finding processes, combining functionality
and experiential design.

 
Site Location and Selection Criterion

College of Architecture and Urban Planning

Location
The site is located on the Siping Road Campus of Tongji University to the east of the cafeteria
and south of the main library. To one side is a water body and to the other a landscaped
grass slope. The site area measures 750 m2 (see map/ dwg).

Site
The red line limits the area for construction. The height of the building is limited to 24m. The
landscaped slope on the east and the water body to the west need to be considered in the
design but can be adapted. (I.e. the slope can be altered to accommodate an entrance area,
the shape of the shoreline of the river can be changed, etc.). Three of the larger existing
trees on site must be preserved.

Department of Architecture and Design

Location
The Project site is located within the campus of COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore
campus adjacent to Students Cafeteria. The site is without any contours or slopes, accessible
from east side.

Site
The red line defines the build-able area. The maximum allowable height is 72 feet. Existing
trees on site are to be maintained.

Definition Area Metric Area Imperial

GFA (gross floor area) (outdoor space and voids not included) 1,500 m 2
16145 sq.ft
总建筑面积（开放空间及架空层等不计入建筑面积）。
multi-function hall (level floor, suitable for dancing and lectures) 200 m2 2150 sq.ft
多功能厅（舞厅、报告厅兼用）
University science and art exhibition space 200 m2 2150 sq.ft
大学生科技与艺术展示空间
6 student union activity rooms 100 m2 (6x) 1080 sq.ft
大学生社团活动室：6间，每间100平方米，总面积600 平方米，；
Café or recreational space 100 m2 1080 sq.ft
咖啡及休息空间
Security and management 50 m2 540 sq.ft
保安及管理用房
Toilets 50 m2 540 sq.ft
卫生间
Lobby, stairs, corridors, etc. Depending on Depending on
门厅、楼梯等公共空间、交通空间自定
design design
Total 2200 m2 23685 sq.ft
Project Deliverables

• Analysis drawings: Volumetric or functional analysis

• Requirements for boards and plans: 2 boars A1 (portrait)
o Site plan (1/300) or 1” =1/8’
o Floor plans (1/150) or 1” =1/8”
o 2 Sections (1/150) or 1” =1/8”
o 2 Elevations (1/150) or 1” =1/8”
o Rendering of interior perspective and model photos
o Space generation diagram
o Method of plan representation chosen by student (hand drawn or computer
drawn, colored or black and white)
• Model (1/100) or 1” =1/8”
Proposed Studio Pedagogy
o Participating students have similar project concerns and conditions for comparison
o Instructors shall hold discussion to ensure uniformity in project focus and direction
o Selected work from each project milestone shall be exchanged for review and recom-
mendations
o Informal discussions between selected students shall be encouraged to hold brain-
storming sessions
o Lecture and case study contents shall be documented and available for exchange
Proposed Studio Timelines:
CAUP: 3rd December 2018 - 3rd January 2019
DAAD: 17th December 2018 - 21st January 2019
Site: Tongji University (Near Cafeteria), Siping Road, Shanghai, China

2
1 2

3
Site: CUI Lahore Campus (Near Cafeteria), Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan

N
1 2

3
FEATURED WORKS

“Converging Drops”

Supatcha Ninratsuwan

1756028 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

CAUP, Tongji University

Student union is a complex space that students will gather in together. The major features to
create a good circulation inside the building is the transection and connection between each
room. The design was using an organic shape to build outstanding from surrounding green
space and becoming one of the monumental and sculptural designs. With curving and circular
corridors that go along the glass facade not only create a nice panoramic view for the visitor
but also bringing a natural light into the whole space. The design also has a massive elliptical
core as a main structural system that contains the elevator and staircase to separate the used
space and staircase+elevator space more clearly. With small columns and glass wall, inside and
outside create nice layers from outside view.
“Fawlty Towers”

Jordan Thompson

1756030 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

CAUP, Tongji University

The concept was derived from creating a building with a purpose that focused on function
and productivity, and incorporating more leisure and recreational spaces. The spaces have
been divided per stories on either tower, with its on take on a comfortable and residential
atmosphere. The idea is to separate itself from the pre-existing studios and functional spaces
that already exist within the university campus.

Two towers are created to separate all working spaces on each story of the tower. The building
density is defused and opened up as seen with the central courtyard where the protected
trees are located. This is important as the first two floors are opened to the natural space as
much possible, and the balconies of the higher stories are all situated and directed towards the
centre. This is all in attempt to incorporate the natural aspects of the site as much as possible.
“The Plaza”

Joyce Chen

1756025 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

CAUP, Tongji University

The Plaza is a student hub which - while being a center for student activity - provides an
opportunity for on-campus open space. By utilising existing features of the site, the design
separates the university activity center into two masses, providing an open public space in the
void between. This semi-covered space is an interesting addition to Tongji University, as it can
be used as a venue for club activities, fund-raisers, university tours while simultaneously being
a place of recreation.

Below the extension of the existing slope is an underground space which looks out into the
canal, which houses most of the student union rooms and the cade, while the elevated body
consists of more open, free interior spaces of the exhibition gallery and multifunctional hall. At
night, light from within the building spills out, illuminating its surroundings and solidifying what
is sure to be an iconic feature of the university campus.
“The Common”

Pearce Cohen

1756029 TJU-UNSW Dual Degree B.Arch

CAUP, Tongji University

Student activity centres are defined by their diverse facilities and an ability to enable friendly
interaction between users. In this vein, this design connects a wide variety of functions through
common circulation, encouraging students and staff to mingle within a comfortable and familiar
environment.

Here, shear walls frame the river-front view and two zones of circulation guide the user through
pockets of various massing and heights. A ground floor cafe spills onto the refurbished river-
front promenade which stretches the length of the site. Large public steps to the south invite
those passing by to ascend into the Centre or to merely sit and relax there or on the existing
grass slope.

As depicted by the facade, the building and its functions are clearly organized, making this an
appealing and easily understood space for students and staff to experience.
“Biophilia”

Owais Akhtar

FA17-BAR-058 Architecture Design B.Arch

DAAD, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

After site analysis it was apparent that there are some specific natural elements which are
existing on and around the site interacting with users of the cafeteria and nearby buildings.
Within which the student activity centre will be situated.

Thus it was decided to make a design which can promote the relationship between nature
and humans. Because as a designer we can bring awareness to people through our designs
regarding which they might have limited understanding. As humans cannot survive without
nature and nature cannot survive without humans. For example humans produce CO2 which is
much important for plants and plants produce Oxygen which is very important for any human
for live a life on this planet.

As we see people are harming nature and their focus is only on using nature as an aesthetic or
decorative element, they are ignoring how senses interact with nature.

The student activity centre then becomes a space which brings people closer to nature, making
it more noticeable and apparent.
“Synergy”

Orooba Tanvir

FA17-BAR-003 Architecture Design B.Arch

DAAD, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

The idea is to develop a space to unite the crowd into a mass. So that while experiencing
the architecture, people will feel integrated into one body. Hence the whole building is than
the sum of its parts. This is acquired by providing open spaces in the form of terraces which
provide visual access to all parts of the building.
DESIGN PROCESS
GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

 THIRD FLOOR PLAN

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN

SECTION
“Opacity and Transparency”

Dania Ahmed

FA17-BAR-012 Architecture Design B.Arch

DAAD, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

The idea was to arrange the six given functional units while playing with the views, lights,
shadows, blockages , opacity and transparency . It took its initial start from the idea of being
connected, as there are six student union rooms to arrange, the student connectivity and reach
appealed to me which led to not only circulatory connectivity but also visual and emotive. The
layers of glass, viewing one from another, creating different colours and textures, spreading
different emotions while creating a contrast with divisions of solid half walls with the rise and
fall of shadows. During the day, the form can put on a show on the inside while during the
evening it can itself be a show for the outside.
EXPERIENTIAL NARRATIVE AND
PROCESS
GROUND FLOOR PLAN

SECTION A-A’

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

 SECTION B-B’

SECOND FLOOR PLAN

“Voids”

Adnan Sultan

FA17-BAR-013 Architecture Design B.Arch

DAAD, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

The concept of this project is to explore the relationship of spaces through the addition and
subtraction of voids within a cube. Through conceptual diagrams and development of design
through a cube, the focus was to add layers of complexity within the interior of the cubical
volume.

In this manner the inside of the cube can be explored and force the audience to observe the
inside as well as the outside at the same time. When volumes are developed in this manner, it is
apparent that experiencing architecture is not simply about looking at the facade of a building
visually and in order to understand architecture, the spaces inside must be explored.
SITE ANALYSIS

IDEATION
ITERATIVE PROCESS
PLANS

SECTION
“Defying Gravity”

Sana Haseeb Gilani

FA17-BAR-037 Architecture Design B.Arch

DAAD, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus

In this project of designing a student activity center which considers creation of space and
shape, integration of program and functionality is vital. In our context, all the built structures
(academic blocks) of university existing, all have some traditional architectural building materials
with red bricks and they don’t have heightened volumes.

In order to create a contrasting building there would be more levels with unique spaces which
would give a feeling of experiencing a different atmosphere in the campus compared to other
academic buildings. Since the whole structure is for student, it would have to stand out in the
context. The concept initially starts from gravity defying structures which are not connected
with each other directly but hanging with levitated floors (providing views), altering visual weight
with materiality.

The structure will have a central supporting component with hanging floors from it with several
floors made up of steel framed structures incorporating the trusses. Like giving a sense of
falling, it shows stability similar to a trunk of tree with branches connected to it. By maintaining
several functional areas within a particular site, enhancing all the surrounding available views,
vegetation and building its own existence.
DESIGN PROCESS
STRUCTURAL STUDY
BASEMENT PLAN GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIRST FLOOR PLAN SECOND FLOOR PLAN

THIRD FLOOR PLAN

SECTIONAL ELEVATION
 OBSERVATIONS

With the conclusion of the studio projects, of activity and circulation patterns around
differing site conditions and their influence site. Hence, DAAD students, more conscious
on perception and design logic was more of the cafeteria as a prominent part of the
apparent. Although there was a deliberate context were gravitating towards possibilities
effort to align the DAAD site with the CAUP of the student activity centre as a future
site in terms of prominent features and extension of the cafeteria. On the other
limitations. hand, CAUP students were more focused on
the student activity centre as an independent
ACCESS POSSIBILITIES and self-contained architecture. Some CAUP
students however did design access keeping
One major feature which was present at the the cafeteria traffic in mind.
Tongji University and could not be replicated
at CUI Lahore Campus was the presence of LOCAL CASE STUDIES
hard and soft landscape features. This led
the CAUP students to imagine their site as During the research stages, CAUP students
having an inherent orientation. Whereas the belonging to diverse cultures and regions
students at DAAD were given a site which had an innate understanding of the student
was equally accessible on all sides without activity centre as a typology drawing from
any obstructions. Hence, it was seen that examples they saw themselves or at Tongji
students were visualizing design possibilities University. DAAD students mostly belonging
in terms of access and orientation in a much to Pakistan, were not entirely familiar as
more diverse manner. campuses in Pakistan rarely comprise of a
student activity centre (social spaces in CUI
CAFETERIA IN CONTEXT Lahore for example, are situated individually
in various parts of the campus). This could be
Both sites have within close proximity a seen as both an advantage or a disadvantage
campus cafeteria. While the scale and visual for either groups. Innate familiarity with a
presence of both cafeterias is similar the key typology may result in a deeper understanding
difference lies in the fact that the CUI Lahore of functionality but a typology being alien
Cafeteria is a recent addition to the campus would help avoiding preconceived notions in
(completed in 2018). The recent introduction the design process, perhaps in some cases
of the cafeteria abruptly changed the levels even question the conventional typologies.

Figure 4: DAAD participants of the collaborative studio with faulty members Professors Iris and Tian along with visiting DAAD lecturer Talha.
FUTURE COLLABORATION
Considering all the limitations and challenges
of two studios working on similar problems
and learning from one another, the exercise
was productive in many ways as students
got to engage actively with studios beyond
reach and learn through feedback. This
document aims to be a guideline and record
so that future collaborations between
College of Architecture and Urban Planning,
Tongji University, Shanghai and Department
of Architecture and Design, COMSATS
University, Lahore of this nature can be even
more productive.
PRE PLANNING
Both studios can benefit if the difference
in timelines of respective semesters can
be mitigated by planning project timing
beforehand. This was not possible as this
was the first ever exchange of faculty
between the institutions.
BETTER TELECONFERENCING FACILITIES
By planning the collaborations between
DAAD and CAUP beforehand, studios can
plan out access to video conferencing
facilities present in respective universities to
avoid technical issues when students need
to interact with each other. Tools such as
Skype while easily available cannot offer
the same level of stability and fidelity as a
purpose-built teleconferencing platform.
REPLICATION OF SITE AND CONDITIONS
As highlighted in the observations and
challenges, the only manner this collaboration
can start becoming a comparative and
analytical exercise for the students is when
physical limitations and properties can
be replicated to highest degree possible
between Lahore and Shanghai. Only then will
the exercise for the students start to address
the question of non-physical contextual cues
influencing the design logic.
COMPREHENSIVE DOCUMENTATION
Both studios can mutually through such
collaborations, benefit by learning from
different perspective. As seen in the students’
works, each studio and nation provides a
different perspective to design problems
and offer new and innovative approach.
This cross-border exchange would cause
both studios to have the opportunities to
further refine curriculum. To achieve such
a productive exchange of ideas, it would be
vital for both studios to keep recording and
documenting work produced not only in
their own studio but also the counterpart to
have comparative analysis.