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Yarmouk University Civil Engineering Department Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Laboratory CE 354
Yarmouk University Civil Engineering Department Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Laboratory CE 354
Yarmouk University Civil Engineering Department Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics Laboratory CE 354
0.18
f(x) = − 0 x + 0.26
0.17 R² = 0.86
fparc.
0.16
0.15
0.14
0.13
11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 17000
Re
fparc.vs.fth
0.19
0.18
f(x) = 13.21 x − 0.22
0.17 R² = 0.89
0.16
fprc
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
fth
Sudden Expansion
D1 = 8mm A1= 0.0000503
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Trail Vol t Q V1 V2 h1 h2 (h2-h1) (h2-h1)
L sec (m3/sec) Practical Theoretical
Sudden Expansion
7
6
f(x) = − 417.02 x + 24.81
5 R² = 1
(h2-h1)Theoretical
0
0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06
(h2-h1)partical
Sudden Contraction
D1 = 17mm A1 = 0.0002271
D2 =8 mm A2 = 0.0000503
A2
= 0.22145
A1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
3
Trail Vol t Q(m /sec) V1 V2 h1 h2 (h2-h1) (h2-h1) OR
L cm cm Practical Theoretical kc
1 10 96 0.000104 0.458 2.0676 99.8 46.8 0.53 0.20224 0.3212
2 10 112 0.0000893 0.393 1.775 61.0 22.4 0.386 0.13506 0.234
3 10 130 0.0000769 0.3386 1.53 38.2 9.5 0.287 0.072975 0.17403
v 22−v 12 v 22 v 12−v 22 2g
(h1 – h2)Theoretical = +K K = {( ) + (h1-h2) Practical} * ( 2 ¿
2g 2g 2g v2
Draw a graph between (h2 – h1)Theoretical vs (h2-h1) Practical
A2
(h1-h2) Practical 0 –col(7)0.1
= col(8) 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0
A1
Kc 0.50 0.46 0.41 0.36 0.30 0.18 0.06 0
Sudden Contraction
0.25
0.2
f(x) = 0.53 x − 0.07
(h2-h1)m Theoretical
R² = 0.99
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55
(h2-h1)m Practical
Valve Type K
Globe Valve, fully open 10.0
3 10
Bends
90˚Bend
bend Radius 10 cm
Pipe Diameter = 17mm
2g
KB = {(h1-h2)-(z2-z1)}*
v2
(KB) vs R/D
7
6
f(x) = 5.88
5 R² = 0
4
R/D
0
1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
KB
Sample of calculation: