Institute of Technology of Cambodia Calculus I

Name: Bunthach Buntharo

ID: e20190046
Group: I1-02

Assignment #6
Calculus 1

1. Use any test, find out which of the following series converges absolutely, which
converges conditionally, and which diverges.

𝑛2 +2𝑛+1
(a). ∑∞
𝑛=1 𝑛4 +2𝑛−1

2
𝑛 +2𝑛+1 1
Let |𝑎𝑛 | = |𝑛4+2𝑛−1| ~ 𝑛2

1
Since, ∑∞
𝑛=1 converges, by P-series
𝑛2

𝑛2 +2𝑛+1
Thus, the series ∑∞
𝑛=1 converges absolutely
𝑛4 +2𝑛−1

(−1)𝑛
(b). ∑∞
𝑛=0 5𝑛+1

𝑛
(−1)
Let 𝑎𝑛 = 5𝑛+1

(−1)𝑛 1 1
⟺|𝑎𝑛 | = | |= ≤
5𝑛+1 5𝑛+1 5𝑛

1
⟺ ∑∞ ∞
𝑛=0 𝑎𝑛 ≤ ∑𝑛=0 5𝑛

1
Since, ∑∞
𝑛=0 diverges by P-series
5𝑛

⟹ ∑∞
𝑛=0 𝑎𝑛 diverges by comparison test

1
But, let 𝑎𝑛 = 5𝑛+1 , clearly (𝑎𝑛 ) is decreasing, and lim 𝑎𝑛 = 0
𝑛→∞

⟺ ∑∞ 𝑛
𝑛=0(−1) 𝑎𝑛 converges by Alternative series

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(−1)𝑛
Thus, the series ∑∞
𝑛=0 converges conditionally.
5𝑛+1

1 √𝑛
(c). ∑∞
𝑛=1 (1 + )
2𝑛

1 √𝑛
Let 𝑎𝑛 = (1 + )
2𝑛
√𝑛
1 √𝑛 1 2𝑛×
2𝑛 lim
√𝑛
Then, lim 𝑎𝑛 = lim (1 + ) = lim (1 + ) = 𝑒 𝑛→∞ 2𝑛 = 1
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 2𝑛 𝑛→∞ 2𝑛

Since, lim 𝑎𝑛 = 1 ≠ 0
𝑛→∞

1 √𝑛
Thus, the series ∑∞
𝑛=1 (1 + ) diverges.
2𝑛

1 1 1∙3 1 1∙3∙5 1
(d). 1 + ∙ + ∙ + ∙ +⋯
2 3 2∙4 5 2∙4∙6 7

(2𝑛−1)!!
The series can be written as ∑∞
𝑛=0 (2𝑛+1)(2𝑛)!!
(2𝑛−1)!!
Let 𝑎𝑛 = (2𝑛+1)(2𝑛)!!

By Raabe’s test, we have

|𝑎𝑛+1 | (2𝑛+1)!! (2𝑛+1)(2𝑛)!!

lim 𝑛 ( |𝑎𝑛 |
− 1) = lim 𝑛 ( × (2𝑛−1)!!
− 1)
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ (2𝑛+3)(2𝑛+2)!!

(2𝑛+1)2
= lim 𝑛 ( − 1)
𝑛→∞ (2𝑛+3)(2𝑛+2)

6𝑛 + 5 3
= lim 𝑛 (− ) = − < −1
𝑛→∞ 4𝑛2 + 10𝑛 + 6 2
1 1 1∙3 1 1∙3∙5 1
Thus, the series 1 + ∙ + ∙ + ∙ + ⋯ converges absolutely.
2 3 2∙4 5 2∙4∙6 7

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𝑛 𝑛
2. Study the nature of the series ∑∞
𝑛=1 ( √ − 1)
𝑛+1

1
𝑛 𝑛 1 𝑛
Let 𝑎𝑛 = ( √
𝑛+1
− 1) = [(1 − 𝑛+1) − 1]

1
1 (𝑛+1)×
𝑛(𝑛+1)
⟺ lim 𝑎𝑛 = lim [(1 − ) − 1]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 𝑛+1

1
lim
1 𝑛→∞ 1 0
𝑛(𝑛+1)
⟺ lim 𝑎𝑛 = ( ) −1=( ) −1=0
𝑛→∞ 𝑒 𝑒

𝑛 𝑛
Thus, the series ∑∞
𝑛=1 ( √ − 1) is convergent.
𝑛+1

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