BY: Zaibasig

EPISTAXIS

(nosebleed)

 extremely common in children

 usually occurs from trauma, such as:
 picking at the nose
 from falling
 from being hit on the nose by another
child
 tends to occur during respiratory illnesses
 may occur after strenuous exercise
 it is associated with several systemic
diseases, such as:
 rheumatic fever
 scarlet fever
 measles
 varicella infection (chickenpox)
 occur with nasal polyps, sinusitis, or
allergic rhinitis.
 Some families show a familial
predisposition
 frightening because of the visible bleeding
and a choking sensation if blood should
run down the back of the nasopharynx
 Every child has an occasional nosebleed.
 Chronic nasal bleeding should be
investigated to rule out a systemic disease
or blood disorder.

THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT

 Keep children in an upright position with

their head tilted slightly forward to
minimize the amount of blood pressure in
nasal vessels and to keep blood moving
forward, not back into the nasopharynx.
 Apply pressure to the sides of the nose
with your fingers.
 Make every effort to quiet the child and to
help stop crying, because crying increases
pressure in the blood vessels of the head
and prolongs bleeding.
 epinephrine (1:1000) may be applied to
the bleeding site to constrict blood vessels
 nasal pack may be necessary to provide
continued pressure

BY: Zaibasig