Title: Binomial Theorem Chapter: Binomial Theorem Approximate Time to Complete (to be filled by student) ‘Worksheet Compiled By: Prashant Jain (PJ Sir) Attempt the worksheet in one go. See answers in one go at the end. All questions carry 4 marks for positive and -1 if you leave and -2 if you attempt incorrectly All proving or show questions (if done correctly) are of 4 marks. There is no negative marking. If you cheat in worksheet then you are only cheating and such sinners do not get selection in JEE + Maintain the solutions of this worksheet and share the link of solution pdf in the tracker if you want to be monitored. so for your own sake refrain from cheating. 1 BINOMIAL EXPRESSION : Any algebraic expression which contains two dissimilar terms is called binomial expression, For 1 example: x—y, xy + 4. Sete, bee 2. BINOMIAL THEOREM : The formula by which any positive integral power of a binomial expression can be expanded in the form of a series is known as BINOMIAL THEOREM. Ifx,y Rand neN, then Cot YRS BCX HEC y +O a yO MY E . This theorem can be proved by induction. Observations (@) The number of terms in the expansion is ( n+1) ie. one more than the index. (b) The sum of the indices of x & y in each term is n. (©) The binomial coefficients of the terms (*Co, "Ci.....) equidistant from the beginning and the end are equal. ie. "C= "Ce h n (a) Symbol "Cican also be denoted by | } Cin, or AP r Some important expansions GL xP =8Co BC Pax? a Ca, (i) (=x) "Co "CK + Cox? + vrrceeee DD ‘Cxde that in (Ix) = CD" Note : The coefficient of x" in (I +x)" Illustration\ : Expand : (y + 2)°. Solution “Coy” + §Ciy5.2 + Cyy*.2? + °Cyy?.25 + PCyy®, 2° + Cay! 25 + °C, 2° =y®+ 12y5 + 60y* + 160y* + 240y? + 192y + 64. (ay) Illustration2 : Write first 4 terms ofl -2r). 2\ 44 aya aye Solution: "Cy «(-2) Co, (2 ve,{_2%°) ( sy OS Mlustration3 : Mf in the expansion of (1 + x)" (1 - x)°, the coefficients of x and x? are 3 and — 6respectivelythen m is - [JEE 99] (Ayo (B)9 (C) 12 (D) 24 ‘Solution (+x)™(1-x)"= | Lm TED =| tans MED | Coefficient of x=m—n=3 “a Coefficient of x? =—mn + M+), mo) = (ii) Solving (i) and (ii), we get m= 2andn=9. Pascal's triangle : (x+y)! 1 ! («+y) xty (w+y? x? + xy + (x+y) x'+3x’y + 3xy? ty? we late awy 6x2 eaxytey? |! 1 fry | xe aely toxiy! stay +9" | pa cate langle (i) Pascal's triangle - A triangular arrangement of numbers as shown. The numbers give the binomial coefficients for the expansion of (x + y)”. The first row is for n = 0, the second for n = 1, etc. Each row has | as its first and last number. Other numbers are generated by adding the two numbers immediately to the left and right in the row above. (ii) Pascal triangle is formed by binomial coefficient. (iii) The number of terms in the expansion of (x+y)" is (n + 1) ic. one more than the index. (iv) The sum of the indices of x & y in each term is n. (v) Power of first variable (x) decreases while of second variable (y) increases. (vi) Binomial coefficients are also called combinatorial coefficients. (vii) Binomial coefficients of the terms equidistant from the beginning and end are equal. (viii) 1 term from the beginning in the expansion of (x + y)" is same as r term from end in the expansion of (y + x)". (ix) term from the end in (x ~ y)" is (nr + 2)! term from the beginning. 3. IMPORTANT TERMS IN THE BINOMIAL EXPANSION (a) General term: The general term or the ( r +1)" term in the expansion of (x + y)" is given byT.a = "Cx" y! bx 1 ax-—> bx Also, find the relation between a and b, so that these coefficients are equal (, 1¥ Solution :(a) In the expansion of x te | . the general term is x) 1y XG, o{ x, ] putting 22 -3r =7 ay ‘Illustration4 : Find : (a) The coefficient of x’ in the expansion of =] (b) The coefficient of x” in the expansion T(b) Illustrations Solution f Hence the coefficient of x” info Ans. Note that binomial coefficient of sixth term is |'C,, fo o1y In the expansion of| ax |, general term is x -1y = Negan"| pe) <0", putting 11 —3r 3r=18>r=6 T=)", Ay Cos Ans. Hence the coefficient of x” inl Also given : 1)' att bx) a’b* 'cs="eg which is the required relation between a and b. Ans. Coefficient of x” in ( 4 1 | = coefficient of x” in(ox ae) Ss Nea S AI Find the number of rational terms in the expansion of (9! + 8")! ‘The general term in the expansion of (9! + 8")! is 7 aimee fa)! tor ot) (8 ]=0%0,3 2 J Ud The above term will be rational if exponents of 3 and 2 are integers 1000-1 It means and ; must be integers The possible set of values of ris {0, 2, 4, , 1000} Hence, number of rational terms is 501 Ans (b) Middle term : ‘The middle term(s) in the expansion of (x + y)" is (are) (i) If nis even, there is only one middle term which is given by Tyy.2y2" (ii) Hfn is odd, there are two middle terms which are Ty. 08 Tyne Sy x.y Important Note Middle term has greatest binomial coefficient and if there are 2 middle terms their coefficients will be equal. => When r= Fifniseven °C, will be maximum n-1 Whenr or tit nisoddIllustration6 The term containing greatest binomial coefficient will be middle term in the expansion of +x)" ay Find the middle term in the expansion ot( aa | 1» Solution: ‘The number of terms in the expansion ofa-= | is 10(even). so there are two middle J terms 941)" 943)" ie. 2) and { “**} are two middle terms. They are given by T, and T, 2) 2) 55 EP 987.6 3 ay _ 189 e aoe 8 andT,=Ts.5 =°Cs0)"{ ©] =Pe,axt, = P8726 Fy 21 ye 6 @® 1234 P3 16 Ans. (Term independent of x Illustration? Solution @ Term independent of x does not contain x ; Hence find the value of r for which the exponent of x is zero. The term independent of x in Ext [=] (A) > @"c, (D) none of these General term in the expansion is For constant tem, = sor 2 which is not an integer. Therefore, there will be no constant term. Ans. (D) Numerically greatest term Let numerically greatest term in the expansion of (a +b)" be Ty. IT. PAT, 1G gE > esp, Mhere Te "Ca oo nel nel Solving above inequalities we get —-]- 1 SS 4 1 b n+l Case: When is an integer equal to m, then T,, and T,,,, will be numerically 14 Bs greatest term. n+l Case IT: When —J is not an integer and its integral part is m, then T,,,, will be the 14 | numerically greatest term.Illustration ‘Solution Illustration9 Solution Find numerically greatest term in the expansion of (3— 5x)!" when x -t n+l n4l Using -1x € 1. BCs = "Crs then value of ris 3 (B)4 os (8 2. Cy : °C) = 44 :3 then value of °C; is (A) 20 (B)35 (C) 56 (D) 10 3. The value of “Cx + "Cj3 is. (A) "Cs (B) "Cie © "Cio (D) "Cis 4. In the expansion of (3x + 4y)"”, 7 term from begining is (A) "CxGx" yy"? (B) "CBX" (Ay) (C)"Cio(3x)"° (4y)”__ (D) "CsGx* Gy)? 5. Imtho expansion of (2a +2)" the 6 rm from th endis (2a BCs CINE’ (DYE Maat"14. 16. 17 18, 20. 21 jent of x” is In the expansion of (3x +2)" 6 (A) BCs (C)* (B) PC, 3° (C) BCs 3!" (D) "Ci 3° The coefficient of x° in the expansion of (2 + 3x)'? is- (A) 2025.97 (B) °C:28.3° (©) P2736 (D) None of these ‘The term containing x in the expansion of (x? +2) is— (A) 24 (B)3" («4 (D) s* ae ‘The term independent of xin the expansion of (E+ 52) is (A) 3/2 (B) 5/4, (C) 5/2 (D) None of these + 1th term of (242) "is The (m= 1th term of (+2) (A) independent of x (B) a constant (C) dependent on the ratio x/y and m (D) none of these ‘The total number of terms in the expansion of, (x + a)!" + (x — a)! after simplification is (A) 50 (B) 202 @s1 (D) none of these ‘ IF the term inthe expansion of the binomial [+ x logao xis $600, then x= (a) 10 Bs ou (ws Inthe expansion of(3- Z43V2) the 11% termis a: (A) positive integer (B) positive irrational number (©) negative integer (D) negative irrational number. Ifthe second term of the expansion [a/#? + 7." is 14a*, then the value of is : ws (B)3 O12 (D6 In the expansion of (7 + 11)", the number of terms free from radicals is (A) 730 (B) 729 (©) 725 (D) 750 ‘The middle term in the expansion of (1 ~ 3x + 3x?—x°)%is- (A) "Cox? (B) 8Ca(-x)” © "Cx? (D)="Croxi0 8 Ifk © Rand the middle term of (£4 2) is 1120, then value of k is: (3 (B)2 ©-3 (D)-4 The term with coefficient °C: in the expansion of (1 + x)*is- (A) Tr and Ts (B) Tz and Ts (©) Ts and Ts (D) None of these ‘The co-efficient of x in the expansion of (1— 2x7 + 3.x5)(144)'is (a) 56 (B65 (©) 154 (D) 62 Given that the term of the expansion (x! — x-!2)'S which does not contain x is 5 m, where me Nythen m= (A) 1100 (B) 1010 (©) 1001 (D) none ‘The term independent of x in the expansion of (x +2)" (x+ (A)-3 (B)o ol (D322, 23, 24, 25, 26. 21, 28, 29, 30. 32. p+oys Lette co-efficiens of xin (1 +3) & (1+ x)! be P & Q respectively then (€2)* = (Ayo (B) 27 (C) 81 (D) none of these IE(1 + by)? = (14 By +24 y? (4.2 (B)2, .) where néN then the value of b and n are respectively- 4 24 (D)-2,4 aehi724aa87.28 The value of sy eaazzyaseraraoa7erisaiereaaaved ® (yl (B)2 ©3 (D) none The coefficient of x in the expansion D322, Cy, (x — 3)10°-™ «2 is (A) Cx (B) Cas (Cs (D)-°Ci0 The co-efficient of x‘ in the expansion of (I +x)" + (1 +x) tun. + (1 +x)" is (A) Cs (B)°Cs (OCs —7Cs (D) "C=C: The term independent of x in (1 +x)" (1+2)" is wre, BP", Or! (DPC (x) txt x) ext 2 tx ext H.. + x!) when written in the ascending power of x then the highest exponent of x is (A) 5000 (B) 5030 (©) 5050 (py 5040 1 x If the coefficients of x’& x* in the expansion of [24 } are equal, then the value of n is (ays (B45 ss (D) 56 41 If the constant term of the binomial expansion { 2x x) is — 160, then n is equal to = x (a4 (B)6 8 (p) 10 a (,_1)(,_1) 1 The coefficient of x"” in the expansion of (x - 1) | x ae = X——z [is equal to - 2 BP 2 ( [1-35] (B) +ve coefficient of x / (C)-ve coefficient of x )) ae Number of rational terms in the expansion of ( ¥2 +48! is (A) 25 (B) 26 (©)27 (D) 28 ste \(x*)_ 8 =tis- ‘The largest real value for x such that x Lao (at) (ay 2v2-5 (B)2V2+5 (©)-2V2-5 (D)-2V2 +5 ‘The expression [x + (x? - 1)'7}° + [x- (x? - 1)" is a polynomial of degree (A)5 (B)6 (C)7 (D)8 Given (1 =2x + 5x7— 10x°) (1+ x)= 1+ a,x + ayx7ba ne and that a? =2aythen the value of n is- (A)6 B)2 Os @)3 The sum of the coefficients of all the even powers of x in the expansion of (2x* — 3x + 1)'' is -31. 38. 39. (A) 2.6" (B) 3.6" (ce! (D) none xy 2 (ii) Expand (y +x)" (i) Expand [x (i) Find the 7th term off -4) as (ii) Find the term independent of x in the expansion (2 - ,) x (iii) Find the middle term in the expansion of (a) (2-3) &) (2 x (i) Find the numerically greatest term in the expansion of (3 — 2x)’, when x = 1. + it is known that 3" terms is the greatest term. Find the possible integral values of n. 1 i New 100M Course PJ Sir Batches on Unacademy Eee Phoenix re Ty see CI Pinnacle TE tnvetcrsccon | Tse toytconnsesser | Premium | syrtcomvPasorounosTion oo | Pi deo x = eAnswer Key 2. (A) 3.(A) 4.(B) 5. (B) 6.(C) 7.(C) 9. (B) 10. (C) 11.(C) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (A) 16. (B) 17. (B) 18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (C) 21. (B) 23. (C) 24. (A) 25. (B) 27.(B) 28. (C) 30. (B) 31. (A) 32. (B) 34. (C) 35. (A) 5 SS (_x) 2 37. (i) SCyx(3x?) 5 + cxax''{-F (xy + ‘cen -F | +$c,ax) } i) Cay" + Cy xt Cy? 2 ii) 251 ps5, Gi) (a) -20; (0) 5608, 2808" a @ Bey iy EER" Gi) G)-20; ) 86085, 280 39.) 4th & Sth ie. 489888 (i) = 4,5,6