Reading guidelines

 40 questions
 60 minutes
 About 13 questions in each passage
test
 Always start from the questions to
the text
 Grammar and spelling both are
important
 The passages are organized
according to the level of difficulty
 There are 3 passages
 Each questions has the same score of
1
Listening guidelines
 4 sections
 Each section consists of 10 questions
 Each section is organized according to the
level of difficulty
 Questions are listed in order
 Only 1 chance of listening
  I minute to read the questions carefully

Extreme sports
Extreme skiing
Windsurfing
Hang-gliding
Mountain biking
Skydiving
Paragliding
Snow/skateboarding
White-water rafting
Waterfall jumping
Car racing
Rough mountain/ river

why do some people like to play extreme sport?

Pushes them to the limit

It tends to be in=it is suitable for adrenalin
rush
It gets their adrenalin going
Risk avoider#risk taker

Although children are provided tremendously in

nuclear family, parents aren’t able to spend quality
love time with them due to being occupied with
work.

What is the difference between urban and

extreme sports?
People will be confronted with law if they don't
get permission from the government since they
may endanger the health of inhabitants.
It is played in……., while …. is experienced in…..

Rural areas:
Rural inhabitants=people possess=have a
Healthy and active lifestyle, enjoy being
close to strikingly=very beautiful and clean
nature, breathe fresh air and eat organic
food and the area is excellent for getting
away from stress and preoccupation.

Urban areas
There are lots of=ample facilities like well-
equipped gyms, 3dimensional cinemas,
smart schools, amusement parks,
computerized libraries, fast and affordable
public transport and it provides a chance
for higher education and also there are lots
of/overwhelming job opportunities relevant to
their education.
It provides an opportunity to
It allows me to
IT gives me the chance to

pronunciation:
/t/

/ʃ/= washed, finished, pushed

/tʃ/= watched, matched,

/k/= liked, walked, talked

/p/= stopped, dropped

s/ missed, crossed, practiced

f/ laughed

/id/

t/ wanted, completed, accepted

d/needed, decided, added

/d/

carry……….carried

played
occurred

planned, occurred, preferred

To be verbs{am , is , are}

It is very small. I find it very small. I consider it small/It is

considered to be very small.

I find my mother hard-working and really cheerful but

sometimes she has butterflies in her stomach=she
becomes worried when there is a problem.

He is sometimes strict but fair. I also find him well-

tempered. He is really busy at work=he is really occupied
with work but he makes time for the family. He sets a good
example by working hard. I should say he is considered to
be my best=close=intimate friend.
Friendly
Sociable
Kind
Intelligent
Supportive
Friend in need
Active and cheerful
Loyal and trusted
Reliable
Studious
Avid book reader=reads a lot of books
Quiet
serious

Adding ideas in speaking:

Also, additionally, besides, plus, on top of that

How to talk about your favorites and interests:

I am keen on/interested in playing basketball.

I m passionate/crazy/freak about watching action movies.
I have great passion for…….
I’m fond of reading self-help book.
I adore watching romantic movies.
Romantic movies really appeal to me.
I enjoy visiting my relatives. Close relatives#distant
relatives
What I really like is………..

General ideas about why you like something:

Develops my critical faculty.
I use my time productively.
I improve my communication skill.
It aids relaxation.
It is really refreshing.
I can get away from my stress and preoccupation.
It puts me in a good mood.

How to talk about something you don’t like:

I really hate/dislike studying history/literature.
It’s disgusting/boring/creeping/unpleasant
I can’t stand/tolerate/bear living in urban areas.
I’m not keen on/interested in….
What annoys me about ….is

In my opinion
it seems to me that= I strongly feel that = as far as I’m
concerned

why?
Since/as It allows me to= it provides an opportunity to= it gives
me the chance to
it provides an opportunity to have higher education.
it allows me to use my time productively
it gives me the chance to develop my interpersonal/imagination
skill.
IELTS speaking part 1

1.What sports or physical activities do you regularly do?

physical education
on regular basis

since I love to be fit and healthy, I go to the gym every other

day and go for a walk every day.

Because of being occupied with work on weekdays, I usually go

mountain climbing on weekends to gain=get enough energy for
the new week.
I am fit……..being fit
She is busy……………being busy
I have a pen…………having a pen
They play football………playing football

In order to be fit, I occasionally go for a walk in the evening

with a circle of my friends in the quite small park in the vicinity
of=near my home.
Actually, To get rid of traffic congestion in rush hour , I usually
walk home.

2. Which sport or game would you like to be good at?

I have always wanted to be a professional swimmer.
I’ m keen on learning football exceptionally well/am
interested in being a professional swimmer./ what I really like
most to be good=skilful at is…./I love to be good at/I enjoy
learning how to play basketball skilfully.

This class is small. I find it small. My mother is kind. It is

considered to be small. She is considered to be kind.
It aids=helps relaxation.it is really
refreshing/relaxing/calming/therapeutic
It helps me stay in shape/to keep fit/stay healthy=I’m in good
health
Improve the strength in my muscles.
Strong
Strength
strengthen
It aids me to burn some calories and reduce fat.
It is affordable since it doesn’t cost a lot of money to buy the
requisite equipment.
It also makes me feel fantastic/it is such a lot of fun.
Develop my critical=mental faculty=ability
It leads to not only mental but also physical relaxation.

I strongly have the opinion that=I strongly believe that

4. Do you think children should be encouraged=persuaded to

do more sport?
Learning= acquire social behavior
Learn how to collaborate/cooperate with others to
achieve=get the same target/goal,stay in shape/having
fun/sharpen their memory../improve=broaden
communication=interpersonal skill/boosts their competitive
sense.

5 .What are the most popular sports in the world today?

6.Why are some sports more popular(appealing/famous
/commonplace) than other sports? spectacular/very
exciting/thrilling
Spectators,fans
Reputed, well-known, renowned
Some renowned athletes play this sport.
It is mainly because of Media coverage. I mean, most
football matches are shown live on TV/government’s
financial support, you know,the government allocates
budget to provide equipment / not require expensive
equipment
7 .Is it a good=useful or bad=not helpful thing to use
=utilize=apply= take advantage of technology in judging
sports events?
It gives the referees the chance to judge the sport
fairly/correctly.
Increase accuracy and decrease the error percentage
reduce the excitement of the game and spoil the motivation of
players.
Do you think sports stars earn too much money?

Well, I don’t think so. I strongly believe that they deserve such
amount of money. since they set their heart on winning the
games. They spend money and energy to become successful
and to gain/achieve international fame.

Causes( noun)=reasons
It causes relaxation. (verb)…..effects
Cutting trees down- it causes excessive air pollution.
The cause of excessive air pollution is cutting trees down.
Traffic causes driving rage. The cause of driving rage is traffic.
overpopulation causes unplanned city development.
Cause(verb)=lead to=result in

Using fossil fuels for driving cars leads to excessive air pollution.

Unit2: nature
To make the adjective stronger or weaker:
Gradable adjectives
Very,extremely, really, terribly ( I felt terribly upset when I heard the
news.)
Quite, pretty, fairly, rather ( he drives fairly fast.)
A bit ( I think the story is a bit silly.)

Nongradable adjectives
For adjectives like amazing, boiling, fantastic, freezing, wonderful,
marvelous, spectacular, unique, magnificent, thrilling and so on use
adverbs like really, absolutely, truly and utterly. It is an absolutely
amazing movie/ book. You look really fantastic.

Natural scenery
What is the most beautiful= the truly magnificent •
natural scenery=beauty you have ever seen?
Where did you see it? •
Who did you go with? I was accompanied by •
what can travelers do there? •
Why is it the best one? •
There is a lake in ………………..Surrounded by an
abundance of lush green vegetation with towering mountains
, and unspoiled forests

the lake hasn’t been destroyed by any pollution yet.

Travelers can row a boat on the lake or stroll on the shores

to enjoy its special quiet beauty

Due to tourist facilities, visitors are able to pitch a tent and

enjoy an overnight trip.

It's a breathtaking place.

Many artists have been inspired by such truly amazing
beauty
I was fascinated by the spectacular landscape.
I have never seen such a combination of colours in one
place.
It's dreamy and makes me feel fantastic.
I found it excellent for relaxing the stress and tension
it’s a wonderful place to get away from your stress and
preoccupation
.
The thick vegetation.
The beauty was inimitable.
I ve had the time of my life.

Speaking page:30

It seems to me that protecting areas of natural beauty

is quite essential that Even economic prosperity should
be curtailed when it comes to the price of the
environment
preserve it for the next generation to have the same
chance of enjoying these precious gifts from God.
attract tourists and media attention to the area so it
provides revenue for flourishing the city.
basic needs of human are fulfilled/met by nature.
.

Writing page31
Tourism industry has flourished dramatically in recent
years. However, it is believed tourist activities can lead
to detrimental effects not only=either on local inhabitants
but also=or on the natural areas.

Advantage

• creates new jobs in tourism industry

• attracts media attention to the resort
• ensures good level of infrastructure
• it also gives you the opportunity to broaden
your horizons by visiting new
places and experiencing a different way of life.
• improve services for local residents/inhabitants
• provides/generates revenue to protect /maintain
local heritage

Disadvantage
• can cause overcrowding/overpopulation
• tourists may not respect local customs/traditions
• can cause excess of litter=garbage/rubbish /
noise
• may cause damage to local environment
• area becomes too built-up due to the increase
of hotels/shops etc(encroach upon)
• may cause increase in prices of local services
and goods

Increase in population=
overpopulation=overcrowding
Producing large amounts of = excess of
waste and pollution
The unspoiled spectacular landscape
could be at the risk of population.
Causing severe environmental damage like
scaring animals away from their feeding and
nesting site and smashing down delicate flowers
and grass.

We use this tense for unfinished and

finished actions:

Unfinished Actions
We use this tense when we want to talk about unfinished
actions that started in the past and continue to the
present. Usually we use it to say 'how long' an action or
state has continued with 'since' and 'for'. Often, we
use stative verbs in this situation:

• I've known Karen since 1994.

• She's lived in London for three years.

'Since' and 'For'

We use 'since' with a fixed time in the past (2004,

April 23rd, last year, two hours ago). The fixed time can
be another action, indicated with the past simple (since
I was at school, since I arrived):

• I've known Sam since 1992.

• I've liked chocolate since I was a child.

• She's been here since 2pm.

We use 'for' with a period of time (2 hours, three years,

six months):

• I've known Julie for ten years.

• I've been hungry for hours.

• She's had a cold for a week.

Finished Actions

1: Life experience
(we don't say when the experience happened, just
sometime in the past)

• I have been to Tokyo.

• She has lived in Germany.

• They have visited Paris three times.

• We have never seen that film.

• I have always dreamed of being a teacher.

• I have always wished/wanted to live in a warmer

climate.

• I have read numerous books .

• I ve never read a fictional book.

• I have always wanted to entertain myself with the

fantasy book of J.K.Rowling masterpiece called
Harry Potter.

• I have cooked chineese and Malaysian cuisines so far.

• Have you ever read 'War and Peace'?

2: A finished action with a result in the

present (focus on result)

• I've lost my keys (so I can't get into my house).

• She's hurt her leg (so she can't play tennis today).

• They've missed the bus (so they will be late).

• I've cooked dinner (so you should come and eat).

3: With an unfinished time word (this month, this

week, today, in the last year)

• I haven't seen her this month.

• She's drunk three cups of coffee today.

 • This week they've been shopping four times.

Note: We can't use the present perfect with a finished time

word:

• I've seen him yesterday.

'Been' and 'Gone'

In this tense, we use both 'been' and 'gone' as the past

participle of 'go', but in slightly different circumstances.

Been

We use 'been' (often when we talk about 'life

experience') to mean that the person being talked about
has visited the place, and come back. Notice the
preposition 'to':

• I've been to Paris (in my life, but now I'm in London,

where I live).

• She has been to school today (but now she's back at

home).

• They have never been to California.

Gone
 We use 'gone' (often when we are talking about an
action with a result in the present) to mean that the
person is at the place now:

• 'Where's John?' 'He's gone to the shops' (he's at the

shops now).

• Julie has gone to Mexico (now she's in Mexico).

• They've gone to Japan for three weeks (now they're

in Japan).

I have just/already finished my homework.

I have not written the letter yet.

I still haven’t written the letter.
In recent years,….
…………………………………………………recently.

Have I ever met you?

(Answer: Yes, you have.)
I
Have you lived in the
United States long?
(Answer: No, I haven't.) you

Has he had any coffee

yet this morning?
(Answer: No, he hasn't.)

Has she ridden a bike

before?
(Answer: Yes, she has.)

Has the goat eaten

anything yet today?
(Answer: No, it hasn't.)

Have we known each

other for a long time?
(Answer: No, we haven't.
We've known each other
for a short time.)
I + you = we
Have you ever traveled
to China?
(Answer: No, we
haven't.)

Have they marched in

this parade before?
(Answer: No, they
haven't, but they have
marched in other
parades.)

1) ………… you ……………. the kitchen door?paint

2) ………… your brother…………. the shopping?do
3) …………. Julian ever……….. a spider?touch
4) ………… your father ever……………. on an
elephant?ride
5)…………. Lee …………his parents yet?ask
6) What ………… you ……………. in your text?write
7) …………..Bill ……………… the radio?turn off
8) …………….you ever……………….. in a helicopter?flow
9) Who ……………. the window?break
10) …………… you ever ……………..for your
friends?cook

I haven’t seen u for ages.

Clean up the beach
It was rewarding.

Connecting Contrasting Ideas

Contrasting ideas

Monthly salaries are around $2,000. However, unemployment is

quite high.

This is a very cheap city. However, it is not safe to live.

The drop in sales is mainly due to bad weather condition. However,

there are some other factors.

In order to conserve endangered cheetah, nature reserve is

established. However, = on the other hand, poachers still hunt them
without being confronted with law.

Hasn’t taken any drastic measures to deal with this issue yet .

You can fly via Italy. On the other hand, it's not the only way.

This city is safe. On the other hand, it is polluted.

Even though the streets are safe, you'll prefer to spend evenings at
home.

Even though I've exercised a lot , I haven't lost any weight.

Although I studied a lot, I didn't get a good mark.

In spite of having 2 cars, she can't drive.

In spite of her success, she is very depressed.
In spite of high number of police officers in the street, the crime rate
is high.

In spite of possessing academic qualifications, most young people

aren’t able to find a decent well-paid job.

In spite of economic growth in countries with vastly great wealth,

some inhabitants aren’t mentally and emotionally healthy.

In spite of generating revenue which boosts the economic landscape

of the country, tourism industry results in severe damage to the
environment.

In my opinion, people should balance between their responsibilities

at work and at home.

In my view, unemployment is the most concerning issue in this

country.

The way I see it, children should not spend too much in watching TV.

From my point of view, it's better to explore this city on foot.

Many countries, for example, Mexico and Japan have a lot of

earthquakes.

Animals such as rabbits and parrots are destructive.

Animals like mountain gorillas and panda are on the verge of
extinction.

In order to be healthy, some rules are extremely important. For

instance, you have to exercise at least 15 minutes.

sequence

First of all, we should do our homework.-

The first and the foremost is solving the air pollution.

next,then, later on

after that

In the end,finally, at last, the last but not the least

Unit3: family, life event

How large or small is your family?

come from an average-size family, I was born and

raised in a large family, there are five of us in my family,

What do you do together as a family?

Due to being really occupied with work on week days,

my family and I usually catch up on weekends which
give us the chance to exchange life stories. If my brother
who has a good sense of humour comes over, he will
amuse us by some funny jokes. We are entertained by
my mother’s mouth-watering Iranian traditional foods.
From time to time we play some board games

Catch up with my family on holidays and weekends and

we exchange daily STORIES

Who are you closest to in your family?

Close-knit family, deep intimacy, tell my secret, lend

ears, turn to her for advice, she/he is a model of
behavior for me. he sets a good example/model by
working hard. She accepts me as ==I am. in adversity
and prosperity she is with me.

Are there many different types of family in your

country?single-parent family, extended family, bicultural
family, nuclear family, blended family

How would you describe your father?having sympathetic ear, a big

role model, turn to him for advice, devoted his life to family

Which one do you resemble more? in appearance/personality

I look more like my father in personality/ I take after my mother/ I’ve

inherited some of my father’s personality traits. I’m the spitting
image of my mother. I bear a close resemblance to my……., my ….and
I are like two peas in a pod.
What would you like best about living in an extended family?

you will never feel bored and lonely. There is always someone who
takes care of or protect you. You can share backbreaking household
chores and are able to get assistance of other members in adversity.

you don’t have your privacy, you have to share your stuff or food, it’s
noisy so it will be difficult to concentrate on what you study. Parents
due to being so occupied with work can’t devote enough attention to
children. Financial problems are really noticeable in ……….

Have you ever had a big family reunion?on what occasions does your
family get together?since Iranians are renowned for having a stable
and firmly established family, it’s our custom to catch up in special
occasions like birthdays, wedding ceremonies and in public holidays.

Some special life events:

First child’s birthday
First haircut/losing your first tooth
First day of school
First job/high school graduation
Marriage/becoming parents
First cutting of a tooth

How to emphasise ideas:

What attracts/fascinates me most best about reading
romantic books is it puts me in a good mood.
What I like most about car racing is the
independence/freedom it brings.
What attracts me most about living in urban areas is it
provides an opportunity for higher education.
What fascinates/impresses me most about living in urban
areas is its higher education opportunity for young people.
What I really like about this impressive natural beauty is its
inimitable landscape when you get to the summit of the
mountain.
What impresses me best about high-street fashion is the
wide range of products in affordable prices.

What I really can’t stand about living in Tehran is its high cost
of living.
What really bugs me living in urban areas is the detrimental
emissions of exhaust fumes.

I do think that broken home has more social problems in the

future.
she does like chocolate very much.
Far from easy/difficult
A truly/utterly/absolutely/ really fantastic feeling

An important life event in your country:University entrance

exam
being admitted at university entrance exam

You are required to plan a daily schedule to take advantage

of your time efficiently.
You need to study in a calm and quite comfortable place to
concentrate on what you study.
You should take frequent tests to be aware of the techniques
of answering the questions accurately and fast.
I also do think that it is really helpful to consult with an
educational expert.
Seek out a decent/well-paid/promising/well prospect job
It makes you feel absolutely fantastic once you are finally
able to enter a top=elite and well-known university.
It is considered a sign of success and independence.

Grammar about Passive(simple present)

Object: transitive verbs: the government has raised the oil price.

Intransitive verb: the oil price has risen. The government has risen
the price.

Simple present:

Am,is, are+p.p

Active Passive

They use the yen in Japan. The yen is used in Japan.

They speak both Spanish Both Spanish and

and Portuguese in Latin America. are spoken in latin America

They grow a lot of coffee in Brazil. A lot of coffee is grown in Brazil.

Both French and English ………………………….in Canada.(speak)

A lot of beef ……………………….in Argentina.(make up)

Kimonos…………..sometimes…………………..in Japan.(wear)

Both cars and computers ……………………..in South

korea.(manufacture)

Nima washes the dishes.

am/is/are+p.p

Deforestation causes air pollution.

Women will be confronted with morality police if the dressing code is

not observed.

Obesity

Amin washed the dishes last night.

was/were+p.p

Most rare species were endangered by damaging their natural

habitat.

If tap water were not provided in some areas, infectious diseases

would be spread.

ALIREZA is typing the letter.

am/is/are+being+p.p
Traffic congestion which is being deteriorated=worsen by
manufacturing more cars is a big concern worldwide.
Water resources which are being contaminated by dumping
raw sewage must be conserved by adopting efficient
strategies.
I have visited Sara twice. Sara has been
visited.Have/has+been+pp
In recent years, increasingly valuable natural resources have
been damaged.
An efficient plan hasn’t been adopted yet to reduce
hazardous pollutants in Tehran.

I should do my homework.
modals+be+pp
we must solve this problem.
people will use technology at work.