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Learn English With Podcasts Learn English With Podcasts: Audio Transcript
Learn English With Podcasts Learn English With Podcasts: Audio Transcript
Audio Transcript
INTRODUCTION
enough.
Gina Do people shake hands in informal situations?
Gabriella They can do. It isn’t as common though.
Gina What might people do instead in informal situations?
I don’t remember much hugging and kissing
happening…
Gabriella No, that’s quite rare! Maybe a nod of the head or a
raised hand, almost like a little “hello” wave.
Gina This sounds a little complicated to judge. How do
you know if things are formal or informal, or whether
you should shake hands or not?
Gabriella If you’re unsure, then let the other person set the
tone. Let them introduce themselves first if you can
and follow their lead.
Gina But if you can’t let the other person go first?
Gabriella Then I would suggest being formal. If you’re too
formal then it may be seen as funny, but if you’re too
informal you run the risk of offending someone.
Gina How about using people’s names? Surnames or first
names?
Gabriella Sometimes people will introduce themselves and
then tell you what you can call them. The situation
2 dictates what name to use too. At a party you’ll
definitely use someone’s first name or nickname, but
at work it could be either the surname or first name.
Gina Yeah, some workplaces are informal enough that
even the most important bosses are happy to be called
by their first names. Others would want to be
addressed by their surname, as Mr. or Mrs.
Gabriella If in doubt, ask!
Gina I think that’s good advice for many things!
Gabriella Me too!
Gina Okay, let’s move onto the vocabulary.
Gina Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the
words and phrases from this lesson. Our first item of
vocabulary for this lesson is “to call”.
Gabriella This can mean many things, but in the context of the
dialogue it refers to how you say someone’s name.
“Please call me David” means “please use the name
David”.
Gina If you’re not sure, you could ask someone “what
should I call you?”
Gabriella That’s right. It’s not just used for people though –
you can also use it for places, buildings, sports
teams… anything.
Gina Ah, for example, Manchester United are called the
Red Devils, right?
Gabriella In this case it’s referring to a nickname that the team
are known as. So yeah, it can be used for anything.
Gina Next is “brother”.
Gabriella In simple terms, a brother is a male family member
that has the same parents as you. The female
equivalent is sister.
Gina “Brother” can also cover people who share only one
parent or someone adopted into the family too.
Gabriella If you have a male friend that you’re really close to
3 you can call him your brother too. It’s used in many
circumstances.
Gina Finally we have the verb “to know”.
Gabriella If you have some knowledge, then you know it. I
know how to speak English.
Gina That’s handy for these lessons!
Gabriella It is, isn’t it? You can also say that you know people.
Gina Ah, like I know you, because we work on these
lessons together.
Gabriella Yes, you have knowledge of who I am. Another
handy thing for recording together!
Gina (laughs) Yes, it is! Okay, let’s on to the grammar.
GRAMMAR POINT
Gina In this lesson, youll learn about the verb “to be”.
This is a very important verb in English, isn’t it?
Gabriella It is. It’s at the core of many sentences and is
especially handy when you’re introducing yourself.
Gina Okay, let’s run through the different forms it takes,
because although it’s a very common and important
verb, it’s also one of the most irregular.
Gabriella Of course it is!
Gina So when referring to yourself in the present tense, we
use…
Gabriella “Am”. As in, “I am David”.
Gina “I am speaking English”.
Gabriella When speaking of somebody else, it’s “are”. “You
are Donna.”
Gina “You are speaking English”. How about a third
person?
Gabriella “Is”. “He is David.” “She is Donna.”
Gina “He is speaking English.” “She is speaking
English”. And if it’s more than one person?
4 Gabriella It’s “are”. “They are David and Donna”.
Gina “They are speaking English”.
Gabriella That’s right!
Gina Let’s hear some more examples from the dialogue.
Gabriella “I am friends with your brother and he speaks very
highly of you.”
Gina That’s “am” as the speaker is talking about himself.
Like when Donna says “I’m glad to hear that.”
Gabriella Ah, did you notice something about the example you
just gave?
Gina Ah yes, it was ‘I apostrophe m’ “I’m” instead of “I
am”.
Gabriella It’s more common for the verb “to be” verb to be
contracted in speech so “I am” becomes “I’m”.
OUTRO
Gina Well, that’s all for this lesson. Don’t forget to check
the lesson notes and practise introducing yourself in
English.
Gabriella See you next time. Bye!
Gina Bye!