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 ABOUT ME
➢ Graduated from Rajasthan Technical University,
Kota (GECJ)
➢ Currently Pursuing M.tech from IIT Delhi
➢ GATE 2020, AIR 29 (ME)
➢ GATE 2019, AIR 478 (ME)
➢ ISRO and Coal India written qualified
➢ Ex - Deewane IES and GATE faculty
KULDEEP SINGH
➢ Ex - Ascent GATE Academy faculty
➢ 2 Years online teaching experience
➢ United Nations representative of India
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MARUTLIVE
DATA INTERPRETATION
Data Interpretation or DI refers to the implementation of
procedures through which data is reviewed for the
purpose of arriving at an inference. Data can be obtained
from multiple sources e.g. data from running of
industries, census population data etc. Interpreting data
requires analyzing data to infer information from it in
order to answer questions. Data can be provided in a
number of formats viz: Bars, tables, line graphs, pie
graphs.

Let us study more about them-

Bar Graphs:
A bar graph or bar chart represents explicit data with
rectangular bars. The heights and lengths of these bar
graphs are proportional to the values of data they
represent. There are two types of bar graph, one is called
horizontal bar graph and other is called vertical bar graph.
The important thing to remember is that the longer the
bar, the greater its value. Bar graphs made up of two axis,
one is called x- axis and other is called y- axis. In a
horizontal bar graph, y-axis shows the data categories
and x- axis shows the scale. In vertical bar graph, x-axis
shows the data categories and y-axis shows the scale. In
a nutshell, we can compare easily different sets of data
between different groups with the help of bar graph.
Tables:
In tables, data is described in the form of rows and
columns. In DI table's questions, we are required to read
data from table/tables analyze the data and answer the
questions asked on the basis of the given data.
What is represented in a Data Interpretation Table?
DI Questions based on Tables are very common in
competitive exams. Rows and Columns of tables consist
of various types of data like income of company,
expenditure on various items, and marks of Applicants
and so on. First column and row of tables represent the
titles. Level of Questions in Tables may be lower or higher
in comparison of other graphs form, depending on given
data in the table and the way,questions are framed.
Line Graphs:
A line graph basically is used to visualize values over a
certain time period. It is basically used to change over
time as various points of data connected by straight line
on two axes. It helps to determine the relationship
between two sets of values; and also one data set is
always dependent on the other set. In many competitive
exams, you will see various questions based on line chart
problems, in which you are supposed to analyze the data
and then answer them.
Pie Charts:
Pie charts are circular shaped graphs which are divided
into sectors to represent numerical proportions. In a pie
chart, the central angle of a particular sector is
proportional to the quantity it represents. In other words,
we can say a Pie Chart resembles a Pie in which a circle
is cut in various sized sectors from center to the
boundary. In simple words, the bigger the sector, the
higher the proportion.
DIRECTIONS for questions 1-4: Go through the following pie chart
and answer the questions given below that.
Example 1: Approximately how many degrees should be
there in the central angle of the sector for agriculture
expenditure?
1. 220
2. 213
3. 210
4. 208
Example 2: Approximately what is the ratio of
expenditure on agriculture to that on dairy?
1. 8:3
2. 9:2
3. 70:1
4. 10:1
(3.) In Haryana, in 2000, a total expenditure of Rs.
120mn was incurred. Approximately how many million
did the Haryana government spend on roads?
1. 15.4
2. 20
3. 10.8
4. 12
Example 4: If Rs. 9mn were spent in 2000 on Dairy, what
would have been the total expenses in that year in
million?
1. 150
2. 140
3. 160
4. 130
DIRECTIONS for questions 1-4: Analyze the following
pie chart and answer the questions given below. Given is
the distribution of the monthly family budget of a person
X. The total earnings of person X are Rs. 3,600 per
month basic, plus 10% as transport and meals allowance
on the monthly salary.
Example 1: Calculate the amount of expenditure on
Education and Maintenance per month,if a person X
pays 23% of its total earnings as Education and
Maintenance of children?
1. Rs. 910.8
2. Rs. 900
3. Rs. 920
4. Rs. 915
Example 2: What is the medical and miscellaneous
expenditure per annum (in Rs)?
1. 4,854
2. 5,330.16
3. 6177.6
4. 4,485.6
Example 3: What is the approximate earning left of person X
(in Rupees) per month after deducting payment of education
and maintenance?
1. 3049.2 p.m.
2. 2,591p.m
3. 2,355 p.m.
4. 2,350 p.m
Example 4: What is the total amount per month the family
spends on house rent and statutory deductions towards PPF
expenses?
tissnet
1. Rs. 1,100
2. Rs. 1,259
3. Rs. 1,188
4. Rs. 1,140
DIRECTIONS for questions 1 to 5: Study the following graph
carefully and answer the questions given below:
Example 1: What is the ratio of exports in years 1990-91 &
1992-93 together to the imports in the same year?

A. 1.41
B. 1.17
C. 1.55
D. 1.71
Example 2: In which of the following years was the gap in the
exports and imports the maximum?
A. 1994-95
B. 1992-93
C. 1993-94
D. 1990-91
Example 3: What is the ratio of years having above average
imports to those having below average imports in the given
period?
A. 3:2
B. 4:1
C. 2:3
D. 1:4
Example 4: Which of the following statements is true about
the graph?
A. There is a continuous rise in exports.
B. From 1992-93, exports are below average.
C. Till 1992-93, imports are below average.
D. Total imports in the given period are more than the total
exports.
Example 5: The exports in 1993-94 are approximately how
many percent more than the imports of 1991-92?
A. 49%
B. 51.6%
C. 201%
D. None of these
Study the following table and answer the questions.
Number of Candidates Appeared and Qualified in a Competitive
Examination from Different States Over the Years.
Example 1: Total number of candidates qualified from all the
states together in 1997 is approximately what percentage of
the total number of candidates qualified from all the states
together in 1998?

A. 72%
B. 77%
C. 80%
D. 83%
Example 2: What is the average candidates who appeared
from State Q during the given years?

A. 8700
B. 8760
C. 8990
D. 8920
Example 3: In which of the given years the number of
candidates appeared from State P has maximum percentage
of qualified candidates?

A. 1997
B. 1998
C. 1999
D. 2001
Example 4: The percentage of total number of qualified
candidates to the total number of appeared candidates
among all the five states in 1999 is?

A. 11.49%
B. 11.84%
C. 12.21%
D. 12.57%
 KULDEEP1

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