Page 33 Mastering Questions Types A1

W Professor: Now that we've examined the structure of the human body's cells, I want to move on
and examine the body actually . The key is small ...
uh, extremely small organs ... in each cell called mitochondria. They're so tiny that hundreds, even
thousands, of mitochondria may exist in one human cell. Different parts of the body contain different
mitochondria. For example, have more mitochondria per
cell since they need more energy ... and need it more quickly ... to do heavy work.
M Student: Professor Mitchell, I'm sorry, but what are mitochondria?
W: Oh, sorry. I got a bit . Mitochondria form something like, um,
an in a cell. They have two membranes: the outer membrane and the inner
membrane. The outer membrane is like a . Interestingly, the inner membrane
is much larger, but it's many times inside the outer membrane. This
folding gives it a large surface area, so it the inner membrane to perform its task better.
Now, before you ask, let me tell you that its task is to energy
for the cell and, thus, be utilized by the body.

Imagine that mitochondria are like a, um, a cell's . What happens is that
oxygen the nutrients in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, and then
energy for the body is created in the form of an called the ATP molecule.
ATP is an abbreviation for a longer scientific name. Look it up if you’re interested in knowing it. The
term for this process is . Yes, respiration, as in breathing.

Every cell in your body has mitochondria. However, some cells have more than others since they do
more work and therefore require more energy. Fat cells also have lots of mitochondria because they
energy for the body. In other cells, mitochondria do very or might even be
. For example, hair has mitochondria since it produces no energy for the
body. Some skin have few mitochondria, too.