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Analysis of the performance of a novel dust collector combining cyclone

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DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.07.103

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 Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Powder Technology

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/powtec

Analysis of the performance of a novel dust collector combining cyclone

separator and cartridge filter
Biao Xie a,b, Shihang Li a,b, Hao Jin a,b, Shuda Hu a,b, Fei Wang a,b, Fubao Zhou a,b,c,⁎
a
Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
b
School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
c
State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history: The cyclone separator has a simple structure but cannot effectively separate respirable dust of smaller particle
Received 7 February 2018 sizes. The cartridge filter has a high separation efficiency, but its pressure drop increases too rapidly, requiring
Received in revised form 30 July 2018 frequent cleaning operations. To make up for these defects, a novel cartridge-filtering cyclone combining both cy-
Accepted 31 July 2018
clone separator and cartridge filter is presented. Its performance parameters, including pressure drop, overall
Available online 01 August 2018
separation efficiency, grading efficiency, and cleaning interval, were studied experimentally and compared
Keywords:
with those of the common cyclone and cartridge filter. The cartridge-filtering cyclone first pre-separates the
Filter cartridge larger particles by swirling airflow, and then filters out the fine particles through the filter cartridges, thus
Pulse-jet cleaning slowing down the increasing rate of the pressure drop and forming denser dust layers attached to the surface
Swirling airflow of the filter cartridges. The experimental results show that the cartridge-filtering cyclone has a better dust re-
Pre-separation moval effect. At an inlet flow rate of 50 m3/h, the separation efficiency of the cartridge-filtering is 99.86%,
Dust layer which is 15.32% and 0.05% higher than that of the common cyclone and cartridge filter, respectively. In particular,
the cartridge-filtering cyclone has a preferable separation effect on fine particles, with a separation efficiency for
2.5 μm particles of 99.11%, which is 70.80% and 0.08% higher than that of the common cyclone and cartridge filter,
respectively. Compared with the cartridge filter, the cleaning interval of the cartridge-filtering cyclone is ex-
tended and the total dust emission is reduced. Over the whole experimental period, the average cleaning interval
and dust emission concentration of the cartridge-filtering cyclone are 1290.05 seconds and 12.06 mg/m3 respec-
tively, while that of the cartridge filter are 805.32 seconds and 14.59 mg/m3, respectively.
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

1. Introduction
The cyclone separator, one of the most common dust collectors, has
been widely used in industrial production due to advantages such as the
simple structure, easy operation, and low cost of operation and mainte-
nance [1–3]. The dust particles can be separated from the airflow and
trapped on the wall by the centrifugal force and then fall into the dust
hopper by gravity. Larger-sized particles can be separated by this ap-
proach [4]. However, the separation capacity is weaker for respirable
dust of smaller particle sizes. In contrast, the cartridge filter can make
up for this defect. The dusty air passes through the filter cartridge and
particles are trapped on its outer surface under the effect of diffusion, in-
ertial impaction, and interception screening [5]. The clean air will then
pass through the filter cartridge and outflow. Relying on the high filtra-
tion efficiency of the cartridge filter, fine dust particles can be effectively
separated. However, the pressure drop of the cartridge filter will
⁎ Corresponding author at: School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and
Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
E-mail address: f.zhou@cumt.edu.cn (F. Zhou).
increase rapidly due to the dust that is deposited on the surface of the
filter cartridge, which not only leads to additional energy consumption
but also weakens the separation effect [6, 7]. Therefore, it is necessary to
clean up the dust attached to the filter in time. Pulse-jet cleaning, one of
the common ways of filter regeneration, has been widely applied in in-
dustry [8, 9]. However, the frequent cleaning operation will reduce the
service life of the filter cartridge and increase the quantity of dust emis-
sions, leading to a lower separation efficiency [10].
Various improvements of the cyclone separator and cartridge filter
have been made. Hsiao et al. [11] proposed to change the configuration
to optimize the cyclone performance. Huang et al. [12] installed a lami-
nator at the cyclone inlet to change the gas flow rate and particle num-
ber distribution at the entrance, which reduces the 50% cut size of the
cyclone. Kepa [13] verified that a counter-cone placed in the appropri-
ate position can facilitate the separation efficiency of the cyclone. Al-
though these studies improved the overall separation efficiency of the
cyclone to a certain extent, fine dust particles cannot be effectively sep-
arated. Correspondingly, the improvement of the cartridge filter mainly
focuses on enhancing the cleaning effect and extending the cleaning in-
terval. Li et al. [10] discovered that the extension of the cleaning interval

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.07.103
0032-5910/© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
696 B. Xie et al. / Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701
and reduction of dust emission can be achieved by placing a cylindrical
cone inside the filter cartridge. Through experiments and numerical
simulation, Chen et al. [14] concluded that significant improvement of
the cleaning efficiency and quality can be obtained by using filter car-
tridges with convergent trapezoidal pleats. In practical engineering ap-
plications, the cyclone separator, serving as pre-separation equipment,
is usually used in series with the cartridge filter separating fine particles
as secondary dust removal equipment, achieving a preferable separa-
tion effect and extension of the cleaning interval [15], but the consider-
ably large volume and high pressure drop of the whole dust removal
system are drawbacks.
In this research, a novel cartridge-filtering cyclone equipped with
small pleated filter cartridges and a pulse-jet cleaning system based
on the common cyclone is presented. Most of larger particles which
size is larger than 2.5 μm are pre-separated by the swirling airflow in
its interior. Subsequently, the fine particles which size is not N2.5 μm
are filtered out by the filter cartridge. The performance parameters of
the cartridge-filtering cyclone, including pressure drop, overall separa-
tion efficiency, grading efficiency, and cleaning interval, were studied
through experiments. The results show that it has special advantages
over the conventional cyclone separator and cartridge filter, effectively
enhancing the effect of separation and capture of particles.
2. Experimental
2.1. Cartridge-filtering cyclone
The shell of the cartridge-filtering cyclone shown in Fig. 1a is made
of plexiglass. It contains four pleated filter cartridges that are connected
to the outlet. Four nozzles with a diameter of 5 mm connected to the in-
jection pipe are placed above the filter cartridges. The pipe inlet is fitted
with an electromagnetic pulse valve; its opening and duration can be
controlled by the pulse controller. The cleaning pressure is 0.4 MPa.
The pulse duration is 0.15 ms. The maximum pressure drop before
cleaning is 2400 pa. The pleated filter cartridges with fine flame
retardancy are able and durable to filter high-temperature flue gas
which temperature is N500 degrees Celsius. The filter media is woven
stainless steel mesh which is made for filter cartridge. The filtration
area of a filter cartridge is 0.108 m2. The material thickness is 0.8 mm.
The gap between the metal fibers is approximately 5–10 μm based on
SEM (scanning electron microscope) observations.
Fig. 1. Schematic view of the cartridge-filtering cyclone (a. structure diagram, b. geometry parameters).
Fig. 1b presents the geometry and dimensions of the cartridge-filter-
ing cyclone and pleated filter cartridge. The body diameter of the car-
tridge-filtering cyclone is 100 mm and the inlet is tangential and
rectangular with a size of 40 × 30 mm. The length and outer and inner
diameter of the filter cartridge are 150 mm, 25 mm, and 16 mm, respec-
tively, and the pleat number is 40.
2.2. Dust
In this experiment, the dust is silicon dioxide particles that were
gathered after grinding. The proportion of PM2.5 and PM10 is 4.51%
and 69.82%, respectively. The medium diameter of the particles is 8.24
μm. The particle size distribution is shown in Fig. 2.
2.3. Experimental equipment and procedure
The schematic diagram of the experimental setup is shown in Fig. 3.
Dust particles are quantitatively supplied to the cartridge-filtering cy-
clone by the dust feeder (LSC-6 type) at a certain rate, which is precisely
controlled in the range of 0–50 g/min. A small frequency conversion fan
(TF-A750 type) connected to the outlet provides negative pressure for
the entire experimental system. A high-precision filter is installed in
front of the fan inlet to capture the unseparated dust. A pressure tank
is used to store high-pressure gas. The filter cartridges will be cleaned
after the high-pressure gas is ejected through the nozzle. An electro-
magnetic pulse valve (DMF-Z-20 type) is used to control the opening
and closing of the pressure tank. A pressure gauge is used to monitor
the gas pressure inside the pressure tank. A main valve is used to regu-
late the inlet flow rate of the dust collector. A flow meter (LUG-DN32
type) is used to measure the value of the inlet flow rate. The pressure
drop is measured using a U-tube manometer. The dust monitor detector
(DFM/ZY type) installed at the outlet of the cartridge-filtering cyclone
displays the dust emission concentration.
Based on the feeding rate and time of the dust feeder, the mass of the
dust into the experimental system mi can be calculated. Most of the dust
was separated by the cartridge-filtering cyclone. A small unseparated
amount was finally concentrated in the high-precision filter. After the
experiment was completed, the mass of the dust escaping from the car-
tridge-filtering cyclone mo (i.e., the increased mass of the high-precision
filter) can be obtained. The overall separation efficiency E can then be
 B. Xie et al. / Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701 697

Fig. 2. Particle size distribution of the dust.

calculated using Eq. (1). common cyclone. Dusty air enters the cyclone from the tangential en-
trance, with particles settling into the hopper under the effect of
mi −mo swirling airflow and clean air flowing out from the outlet. Fig. 4b refers
E¼  100% ð1Þ
mi to the cartridge-filtering cyclone. The difference between the cartridge
filter shown in Fig. 4c and the cartridge-filtering cyclone is that the for-
The particle size distribution of the dust collected on the high-preci- mer cannot produce swirling airflow due to the dusty air entering
sion filter was measured with a laser particle size analyzer. A certain straight from the lower inlet; thus, it relies only on the filter cartridges
dust particle diameter is represented by di. The mass fraction of the to separate the dust particles.
dust particle with size di to the dust collected on the high-precision filter
is fo(di) and that to the dust entering the cartridge-filtering cyclone is fi 3. Results and discussion
(di). The grade efficiency G(di) can then be calculated using Eq. (2).
3.1. Pressure drop
mi f i ðdi Þ−mo f o ðdi Þ
Gðdi Þ ¼  100% ð2Þ
mi f i ðdi Þ If the pressure drop, one of the important indexes to evaluate the
performance of the dust collector, is too large, more energy needs to
The experimental system is used to test the performance parameters be consumed [16]. In this experiment, the U-tube manometer was
of the three different dust collectors shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 4a refers to the used to measure the pressure drop under different flow rates. It was
found that the pressure drop of the three dust collectors increased
with increasing inlet flow rate and the difference of the pressure drop
between them increased gradually, as shown in Fig. 5a. At the same
inlet flow rate, the common cyclone had the least pressure drop,

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup (1. U-tube manometer; 2. dust feeder;
3. flow meter; 4. cartridge-filtering cyclone; 5. pressure tank; 6. pressure meter; 7. dust Fig. 4. Three different types of dust collectors (a. common cyclone; b. cartridge-filtering
detector; 8. main valve; 9. high-precision filter; 10. air blower). cyclone; c. cartridge filter).
698 B. Xie et al. / Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701
Fig. 5. Evolution of the pressure drop of different dust collectors (a. depending on the inlet flow rate, b. depending on the time).
which is mainly due to the kinetic energy loss caused by the viscosity
and friction of the swirling airflow. The pressure drop of the cartridge
filter was higher, which is mainly produced as the airflow passes
through the filter cartridges. The maximum pressure drop occurred in
the cartridge-filtering cyclone because it includes the kinetic energy
loss caused by the swirling airflow and passing through the filter car-
tridges. In addition, it is worth noting that the pressure drop of the car-
tridge-filtering cyclone was smaller than that caused by the series
connection of the common cyclone and cartridge filter, although ex-
ceeding each of them.
In the running state, the pressure drop is not a fixed value but rather
dynamically changing over time. By setting the inlet flow rate to 50 m3/
h (the inlet airflow velocity is 11.57 m/s) and inlet dust concentration to
8000 mg/m3, the evolution of the pressure drop of the three dust collec-
tors was recorded in the time range of 1000 s, as shown in Fig. 5b. The
pressure drop of the common cyclone did not show significant pressure
changes compared with the start of experiment. In contrast, the pres-
sure drop of the cartridge filter increased rapidly with a rate signifi-
cantly higher than that of the cartridge-filtering cyclone, which was
exceeded by the cartridge filter after reaching the same value of 732
Pa at a time of 223 s. Overall, the pressure drop changes of the cartridge
Fig. 6. SEM photograph of dust particles at different positions of the cartridge-filtering
cyclone: (a) inlet, (b) dust hopper, and (c) surface of the filter cartridge.
filter can be divided into three stages, namely, accelerating increase, de-
celerating increase, and constant increase [17]. In the final stage, it
tended to be smooth, closing to 2400 Pa. At this time, the cartridge-fil-
tering cyclone was still undergoing a period of accelerating increase.
Therefore, it can be inferred that the cartridge-filtering cyclone can
slow down the rise rate of the pressure drop compared with the car-
tridge filter.
The separation mechanism of the cartridge-filtering cyclone can be
divided into two processes: larger particles settle to the dust hopper
by the centrifugal force and gravity; and the smaller particles are
intercepted on the surface of the filter cartridges. The retardation of
the pressure drop rise of the cartridge-filtering cyclone attributes to
the effect of pre-separation caused by the swirling airflow. Using the
laser particle size analyzer to measure the particle size at different loca-
tions, it was found that the dust taken from the dust hopper has a larger
particle size, with an average size of 13.62 μm, and the dust taken from
the surface of the filter cartridge is smaller, with an average size of 1.82
μm. The SEM photographs are shown in Fig. 6. Due to the absence of
swirling airflow and the pre-separation effect in the cartridge filter, a
large number of dust particles of different sizes were directly
intercepted on the surface of the filter cartridges, which caused a faster
accumulation of dust cakes and resulted in the rapid increase of the
overall pressure drop. Correspondingly, the dust accumulation rate on
the surface of the filter cartridges inside the cartridge-filtering cyclone
is slower, representing the slower rise of the pressure drop.
3.2. Overall separation efficiency
By setting the inlet dust concentration to 2500 mg/m3 at different
inlet flow rates, the overall separation efficiency of the dust collectors
was calculated with Eq. (1). The results are shown in Fig. 7a. The sepa-
ration efficiency of the common cyclone greatly changed in the range
of 75% to 85% at different inlet flow rates. It was increasing before the
inlet flow rate reached 40 m3/h because the centrifugal force on the par-
ticles increases with increasing inlet flow rate in a certain range, which
contributes to the separation of particles in the dusty air. After the inlet
flow rate reached 50 m3/h, the separation efficiency gradually de-
creased due to shortening of actuation duration of the swirling airflow
on particles and increase of the short-circuit flow and turbulence inten-
sity caused by excessive inlet flow. Compared with the common cy-
clone, the separation efficiency of the cartridge filter and cartridge-
filtering cyclone (N 98%) had significantly improved. With the changing
inlet flow rate, the separation efficiency presented the same trend; it
began to decrease after increasing to the maximum. The difference
 B. Xie et al. / Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701
Fig. 7. Separation efficiency (a) and dust emission concentration (b) of the dust collectors under different inlet flow rates.
was that the cartridge filter achieved the maximum of 99.87% at an inlet
flow rate of 40 m3/h and the cartridge-filtering cyclone achieved the
maximum of 99.89% at 60 m3/h. The separation effect on fine particles
of the filter cartridge mainly depends on the dust layer formed on the
surface of the filter material, rather than merely relying on direct cap-
ture of the filter fiber layer. The existence of the dust layer can enhance
the sieve effect in the filtration process, greatly improving the separa-
tion efficiency [18]. Therefore, the dust layer can be formed in a shorter
time as the inlet flow rate increases appropriately, which is beneficial to
the reduction of the dust emission and improves the separation effect.
However, if the inlet flow rate is too large, the filtration velocity will rap-
idly rise and the differential pressure between the inside and outside of
the filter cartridge will increase significantly, which forces parts of the
fine particles to escape through the gaps among the filter fibers, leading
to the decrease of the separation efficiency. Because the swirling airflow
in the cartridge-filtering cyclone pre-separates larger particles and re-
duces the dust attached to the filter cartridge, a larger inlet flow rate is
required at the same period to form an effective dust layer for achieving
a maximum separation efficiency.
The average dust emission concentration of the three dust collectors
is shown in Fig. 7b. The common cyclone had the highest emission con-
centration, with a minimum of 386.5 mg/m3, far exceeding the environ-
mental standard. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the requirements of
dust separation only by means of the common cyclone. In contrast,
the cartridge filter and cartridge-filtering cyclone had much lower
Fig. 8. Grading efficiency curves of the different dust collectors.
699
emission concentrations, with minimums of 3.25 mg/m3 and 2.75 mg/
m3, respectively. At an inlet flow rate of b40 m3/h, the emission concen-
tration of the cartridge filter was lower than that of the cartridge-filter-
ing cyclone. The opposite was true when the inlet flow rate exceeded
50 m3/h. Therefore, the dusty airflow in need of separation is larger
and the separation performance of the cartridge-filtering cyclone is
better.
3.3. Grading efficiency
To accurately evaluate the ability of separation of dust particles of
different sizes, the grading efficiency of the three dust collectors was ex-
perimentally measured. Based on the previous results of this work, it is
known that the dust layer on the surface of the filter cartridge will
greatly affect the separation effect. Therefore, the measurement was
started after the formation of the dust layer. The inlet dust concentra-
tion and inlet flow rate were set to 2500 mg/m3 and 50 m3/h, respec-
tively. The grading efficiency calculated with Eq. (2) is shown in Fig. 8.
The common cyclone was less efficient in separating smaller particles,
with a separation efficiency for 2.5 μm particles of 28.31% and 50% cut
sizes of 3.79 μm. The cartridge filter and cartridge-filtering cyclone had
a preferable separation effect on fine particles, with a separation effi-
ciency for 2.5 μm particles of 99.03% and 99.11%, respectively. The grad-
ing efficiency of the cartridge-filtering cyclone was slightly higher than
that of the cartridge filter as the dust layer composed of fine particles is
denser, with lower porosity and higher filtration accuracy, after larger
particles were separated by the swirling airflow in the cartridge-filter-
ing cyclone.
Fig. 9 shows the dust emission concentration of different size grades.
The emission concentrations of the cartridge filter and cartridge-filter-
ing cyclone were b5% of that of the common cyclone in each size
grade; that of the common cyclone of the grade with a size b5 μm
reached up to 290.92 mg/m3. The emission concentration of the car-
tridge-filtering cyclone was slightly lower than that of the cartridge fil-
ter, with a difference of 0.89 mg/m3 when separating particles with
sizes below 2.5 μm. The concentration difference decreased with in-
creasing size grade, that is, the cartridge-filtering cyclone is of advan-
tage when separating smaller dust particles.
3.4. Cleaning interval
The previously mentioned experimental results indicate that the
common cyclone has a weaker separation effect on fine dust particles,
which hardly meets the needs of industrial dust removal. Therefore,
the research emphasis is placed on comparing the application effects
of the cartridge-filtering cyclone and cartridge filter, with differences
700 B. Xie et al. / Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701
Fig. 9. Dust emission concentration of different size grades.
mainly reflecting the dust emission concentration and cleaning interval.
The evolution of the dust emission concentration and pressure drop in
clean-on-demand mode is shown in Fig. 10. The initial experimental
conditions were set as follows: inlet dust concentration of 8000 mg/
m3, inlet flow rate of 50 m3/h, maximum pressure drop before cleaning
of 2400 Pa. The pressure drop continuously increased from the begin-
ning of experiment, initially rapidly rising and subsequently becoming
Fig. 10. Evolution of the pressure drop and dust emission concentration.
steady. After the pressure drop reached 2400 Pa, the electromagnetic
pulse valve was opened and the filter cartridges were cleaned by
pulse-jet airflow. The dust cake attached to filter cartridges significantly
decreased by cleaning, which greatly reduced the pressure drop. Subse-
quently, the next round of filtration–cleaning process was performed. In
the monitoring time of 16,000 s, the cartridge filter and cartridge-filter-
ing cyclone went through 19 and 12 times of cleaning respectively. The
cleaning interval of them gradually decreased and finally stabilized. The
average cleaning intervals of the cartridge filter and cartridge-filtering
cyclone were 805.32 s and 1290.05 s respectively. The average residual
pressure drops of the first twelve times for the cartridge filter were
1138, 1210, 1294, 1416, 1434, 1493, 1527, 1532, 1562, 1554, 1567 and
1564 Pa, with an average of 1440.9 Pa, while the average residual pres-
sure drop of the first twelve times for the cartridge-filtering cyclone was
1371.7 Pa. Therefore, the cartridge-filtering cyclone slows down the
dust accumulation rate on the filter cartridges, thus extending the
cleaning intervals and reducing the residual pressure drop [19].
The dust emission concentration and pressure drop were measured
simultaneously. At the initial stage of the experiment, the dust emission
concentration was higher because the dust layer on the filter cartridges
had not yet completely formed. It subsequently gradually decreased and
finally reached a stable level. In the period of pulse-jet cleaning, the dust
emission concentration rose sharply in a short time and then recovered
to the normal level. When cleaning for the first twelve times, the dust
emission concentration of the cartridge filter reached the maximum of
66.52, 67.24, 66.12, 65.09, 65.30, 62.81, 59.24, 59.70, 56.05, 57.25,
56.88 and 53.18 mg/m3, respectively, with an average of 61.28 mg/m3,
while the average peak concentration of the cartridge-filtering cyclone
was 63.55 mg/m3. The average dust emission concentrations of the car-
tridge filter and cartridge-filtering cyclone over the whole experimental
period were 14.59 mg/m3 and 12.06 mg/m3, respectively. The experi-
mental results show that the cartridge-filtering cyclone enhances the
dust emission concentration relative to the cartridge filter at the instant
 B. Xie et al. / Powder Technology 339 (2018) 695–701
of cleaning but decreases the average dust emission concentration over
the whole experimental period.
Under the effect of pulse-jet airflow, dust attached to the filter car-
tridge will instantly fall off and diffuse inside the dust collector, forming
a local dust cloud. Larger dust particles or agglomerations will rapidly
fall into the dust hopper by gravity. Fine particles in suspension, most
of which will reattach to the surface of the filter cartridge, forming a
new dust layer, and a small part will escape with the airflow through
the gap between the filter fiber [20]. The smaller size of the particles
on the surface of the filter cartridges in the cartridge-filtering cyclone
results in a longer duration and higher concentration of the dust
cloud, which leads to more dust particles passing through the filter
fiber gaps and higher dust emission concentrations when cleaning. Al-
though the emission concentration is higher when cleaning, the number
of cleaning times is greatly reduced and the dust layer on the filter car-
tridge surface is denser, resulting in a higher filtration accuracy, which
could effectively reduce the total dust emission of the cartridge-filtering
cyclone throughout the whole experimental period.
4. Conclusions
The performance of the cartridge-filtering cyclone, in terms of four
parameters (pressure drop, overall separation efficiency, grading effi-
ciency, and cleaning interval) was studied experimentally and com-
pared with that of the common cyclone and cartridge filter. The
cartridge-filtering cyclone involves two kinds of separation methods:
cyclone separation and filtration. Larger particles are separated by the
centrifugal force produced by the swirling airflow, while the smaller
particles are intercepted by the filter cartridge. The dust taken from
the dust hopper has an average size of 13.62 μm, while the dust taken
from the surface of the filter cartridge has an average size of 1.82 μm.
Testing and comparison show that the pressure drop of the car-
tridge-filtering cyclone is higher than that of the common cyclone and
cartridge filter at the same inlet flow rate, but under prolonged opera-
tion of dedusting, the cartridge-filtering cyclone can slow down the in-
crease of the pressure drop. At the inlet flow rate of 50 m3/h and inlet
dust concentration of 8000 mg/m3, after 1000 s of operation, the pres-
sure drop of the cartridge-filtering cyclone and cartridge filter is 2354
Pa and 1447 Pa, respectively. Compared with the common cyclone, the
separation efficiency of the cartridge filter and cartridge-filtering cy-
clone have been significantly improved and the cartridge-filtering cy-
clone is more advantageous when dealing with larger dusty airflow
and fine dust particles. At an inlet flow rate of 50 m3/h, the cartridge-fil-
tering cyclone has a separation efficiency for 2.5 μm particles of 99.11%,
which is 70.80% and 0.08% higher than that of the common cyclone and
cartridge filter, respectively. Because of the improved filtration accuracy
of the dust layer, extended cleaning intervals, and fewer cleaning times,
the cartridge-filtering cyclone could effectively reduce the total dust
emission over the whole experimental period. The average dust emis-
sion concentration of the cartridge-filtering cyclone is 12.06 mg/m3,
which is 2.53 mg/m3 lower than that of the cartridge filter.
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701
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars
and Innovative Research Team in University [grant number IRT17R103];
the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Educa-
tion Institutions.
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