Chapter 6

Center for Rehabilitation and Treatment for Drug and Alcohol Dependent Youths 152
CHAPTER VI: TECHNICAL DATA PRESENTATION
6.1 INTRODUCTION
In Chapter 3, methods and tools and instruments of research was discussed to
understand how the researcher is going to execute and accomplish the research work in
order to come up with a feasible and good building design. In this chapter, the
researcher will be presenting the data gathered using those methods and strategies.
Here is a brief recapitulation of the methods and strategies that was stated in the
Research Methodology:
• Archival Research – Latest information that is related to the project is
acquired from the printed materials available from libraries, such as
books, magazines, journals and previous theses. The content of the said
sources will then be reviewed and used in certain chapters of the book
mostly in the Review of Related Literature chapter. It will be applied by
the researcher in creating approaches and considerations to the users and
to the building framework of the project.
• Case Studies – The case study method of research seeks to find similar
functions and concepts to the researcher’s project. This method will be
the basis on how to improve and innovate the researcher’s proposed
project.
• Interview Guide – The information and data that are not found in
published materials or Internet will be acquired through interviews.
Facts, statements, and limitations or rules and guidelines regarding the

project will be gathered through the questions that will be asked by the
researcher. In addition, experiences and observation will also be tackled.
This method will also seek clarifications on major issues and questions
of the researcher regarding the project.
• Survey – The use of questionnaires and surveys are to be used to gain
public participations and responses. Surveys will then be posted on
different social media accounts and will be used by the researcher in
order to gain more ideas with regards to the planning and designing of
the structure.
6.2 ARCHIVAL RESEARCH
The following are data, design principles, strategies and methods gathered through
archival research that are relevant to the project:
6.2.1 Program Related
6.2.1.1 Therapeutic Community
People will find it easier to deal with their alcohol or drug problems
when they are taken out of their comfort zones and surrounded by a
supportive environment. The Therapeutic Community aims to create the
right environment for people to not only combat their addiction but to
get to the root of it—their behaviors and ways of dealing with the
struggles of life.
By focusing on the life, behavior, and attitude of the individual instead
of the specific symptoms, they are learning and relearning life skills that
the patients can use to face the outside world.

The therapeutic community is highly structured and people live together as a
form of therapy. Within this community, one will feel safe to explore substance
use triggers, discover coping mechanisms, and learn to cooperate and relate with
other people.
It is believed that individuals possess the strengths necessary to live a better life
and, in the community, every element in the environment is designed to
therapeutically bring out these strengths and skills.
6.2.1.2 Benefits of the Therapeutic Community Approach
The highly structured environment of a therapeutic community can help
people with substance and behavioral addictions:
• The residents will have a much better idea of how their attitude
and behavior affects other people.
• They can develop a better understanding of other people.
• They are empowered to take responsibility for their behavior.
• Treatment focuses on the root causes rather than only the
symptoms.
• They can learn how to cooperate with others within the
community.
• They can develop leadership skills.
• They can develop confidence as they see their importance and
role in the community.
• They can feel safe within the structure.
• They can feel in control of their own progress within the

program.
• They can feel a sense of belongingness that they can foster even
after the program ends
6.2.1.3 What are expected within a Therapeutic Community?
The structure of this community is designed to be highly therapeutic,
and can only be effective to each individual if the following elements
are observed:
• Emphasis on shared responsibility
• Protection from potential stressors
• Taking responsibility for behavior
• Willingness to follow rules
• Participation in decision-making
• Understanding of roles and expectations within the community
• Commitment to the agreed-upon rules enforced by members of
the community
• Open communication
• Complete ban of all intoxicating substances
• Regular feedback on behavior
• Confrontation of anyone behaving poorly within the community
• Reflection of the community as a microcosm of their role in their
family and in society

Fig 6.1 Client Flow for Wellness and Recovery from Substance Related Issues.
6.2.2 Code Related
6.2.2.1 Guidelines in the Planning and Design of a Hospital and
other Health Facilities (DOH, 2004)
A hospital and other health facilities shall be planned and designed to
observe appropriate architectural practices, to meet prescribed
functional programs, and to conform to applicable codes as part of
normal professional practice.
The following are the things to be considered when designing a
healthcare facility in the Philippines:
Environment
• Must be accessible to the community.
• Free from undue noise, smoke, dust, foul odor and flood.
• Not located near railroads, freight yards, airports, industrial
plants and  disposal plants.
Occupancy
• Must comply with all local zoning ordinances.
• Its purpose as a hospital must be retained unless filed for
conversion.
Safety
• Shall provide and maintain a safe environment for patients,
employees, staffs and public.
• Capable of withstanding weight and elements to which they may
be subjected.
• Exit doors must direct outside the building at an open space.
• At least 2 minimum exits that are remote from each other shall
be  provided for each floor of the building.
Security
• Shall ensure the security of the people using the facility.
Patient Movement
• Spaces must be wide enough for free movement of patients
whether they are on beds, stretchers or wheelchairs.
• Circulation routes for transferring patients from one are to
another shall be available and free at all times for emergency
purposes.
• Minimum Width of 2.44 meters for corridors for access by
patient and equipment.
• Minimum width of 1.83 if corridor is not commonly used for
bed, stretchers and equipment transport.
• Ramp and/or elevator shall be provided for ancillary, clinical and
nursing areas on the upper floor.
• Ramp shall be provided as access to the entrance of the hospital
not on the same level of the site.
Lighting
• Should be provided with sufficient illumination to promote
comfort, healing and recovery of patient.
• To enable personnel in the performance of work.

Ventilation
• Enough ventilation shall be provided to ensure comfort of
patients, personnel and public.
Auditory and Visual Privacy
• Shall observe acceptable sound level and adequate visual
seclusion to achieve the acoustical and privacy requirements in
designated areas allowing the unhampered conduct of activities.
Water Supply
• Shall use an approved public water supply system whenever
available.
• Water supply must be potable, safe for drinking and adequate.
• It must be brought into the building free of cross connections.
Water Disposal
• Liquid waste shall be discharged into an approved public
sewerage system whenever available.
• Solid waste must be collected, treated and disposed of in
accordance with applicable codes, laws or ordinances.
Sanitation
• Approved water supply and sewerage system must be provided
through the buildings and premises to ensure a clean and healthy
environment.
Housekeeping
• Must provide and maintain a healthy and aesthetic environment
for patients, personnel and public.

Maintenance
• The buildings and equipment shall be kept in a state of good
repair.
• Proper maintenance shall be provided to prevent untimely
breakdown  of buildings and equipment.
Material Specification
• All floors, walls and ceilings shall be of sturdy materials that
must allow durability, ease of cleaning and fire resistance.
Segregation
• Different wards for different sexes.
• Separate toilet must be maintained for patients and personnel,
male and female, with a ratio of one toilet for every eight patients
or personnel.
Fire Protection
• Fire alarms in walls, peepholes in doors or smoke detectors in
ceilings must be provided.
• Devices for quenching fire such as fire extinguishers or fire
hoses should be easily visible and available throughout the area.
Signage
• An effective graphic system composed of a number of individual
visual aids and devices arranged to provide information,
orientation, direction, identification, prohibition, warning and
official notice considered essential to the optimum operation of
a hospital and other health facilities.

6.3 CASE STUDIES
6.3.1 Local Case Studies
6.3.1.1 KAYA Rehab Center – Asia
Nestled in an exclusive and secluded mountainside in the picturesque
Pines City of Baguio in Northern Philippines, KAYA Rehab is an
affordable private addiction treatment center specializing in substance
addiction, alcoholism, and process addiction (gambling, food, internet
and sex). It provide excellent care, utmost confidentiality to its clients
and the most effective treatment modality available. They employ their
Unified Treatment Program that uses an effective practice of Cognitive
Behavioral Therapy and a rationalized, non-religious Twelve Step
Facilitation, together with other evidence-based practices that they
provide, such as Schema Therapy developed by Dr. Jeffrey Young for
substance use disorders, anxiety, depression and chronic process
addictions.
The core elements of their Unified Treatment Program are composed of
the following:
• Individual counseling
• Group therapy
• Mindfulness, Meditation and Massage Therapy
• Nutrition and diet
• Fitness program, Pilates and yoga
• Lectures and workshops on addiction-specific topics

• Relapse prevention program
• Regularly-scheduled excursions/field trips
Facilities:
• Private Rooms with Toilet and Bath
• Golf Course
• Heated Pool
• Fully Equipped Gym
• Massage Clinics
• Conference Halls
6.3.1.2 Road and Bridges to Recovery
RBR is not only a drug treatment and rehabilitation facility, it also
addresses problematic non-chemically induced behaviors such as
gambling and different forms of addiction. Its treatment philosophy is
anchored on the therapeutic community, where the trainee participates
in his own treatment by becoming part of a group whose aim is to
overcome behavioral problems through adherence to a strict set of rules
that govern his or her behavior in the duration of his or her stay in the
Center.
However, this community is guided by professionals, particularly
psychiatrists, internists, psychologists, social workers, nurses and a
para-professionals team composed of trainees who have finished the
program themselves. This team guides trainees through the process of
recovery as they experience the therapeutic community.

Although the therapeutic community is the backbone of RBR’s
treatment philosophy, the treatment plan for each trainee varies and is
individualized to suit their specific physical, mental and emotional
condition.
Activities offered by the center:
• Soberlympics – Sports Competition
• Mountain Biking
• Walking and Climbing
• Outdoor Survival Workshop
• Salsa Dancing
• Stage Presentations
• Outreach Activities
Facilities:
• Lockers, Dormitories and Bath
• Multi-Purpose Hall
• Medical and Dental Clinics
• Clinical Department
• Family Therapy Rooms
• Administration Department
• Kitchen and Dining Area
• Music Room, Dance Studio and Conference Room
• Auditorium
6.3.2 Foreign Case Study
6.3.2.1 Serenity Vista, Canada
Serenity Vista is an exceptional, yet affordable luxury private drug rehab
in tropical Caribbean paradise. It provides the best, top choice, highest
quality addiction recovery, alcohol, drug & other addiction recovery
rehab. Having grown from Canadian roots, Serenity Vista provides the
best addiction and codependency recovery program available to the
highest of North American standards. Serenity Vista International
private drug rehab is rated among the world’s best rehabs and addiction
treatment facilities.
The following are the programs provided in the facility:
• Outdoor Eco Adventures
• Sailing “Decision”
• Yoga and Meditation
• Massage and Canine Therapy
• Artistic and Musical Expression
• Spiritual Exploration
• Private 1 to 1 Counseling
• Group Processing
• Codependency Recovery
• Twelve Step Meetings and Fellowship
• Facing Nicotine Addiction
• Learning to Live Life in Recovery

6.3.2.2 De Paul Treatment Centers
De Paul Treatment Centers provides drug and alcohol treatment to men,
women, youth, and families. The facility offers a full continuum of care
that includes medical detoxification, residential, day treatment and
outpatient programs, family therapy, and treatment of co-occurring
mental health disorders.
De Paul’s mission is to create freedom from addiction. The facility use
comprehensive, culturally appropriate, and evidence-based practices
that help individuals and families stabilize, reconnect and heal. De Paul
views addiction as a complex, chronic and treatable disease. The center
believe that all individuals have within them the innate health and
capacity to recover.
The De Paul Youth & Family Center has two separate wings of the
building; one for the boys’ unit and another the girls’ unit. The youth
live dorm style in both wings. Meals are served separately with boys and
girls eating in their own dining rooms. Each dorm has a group room
where clients can congregate, work on assignments, watch movies, and
play games. The school building is across the parking lot from the main
building, and the DP Fit gym and a recreation room are located in the
school building.
Programs such as group and individual counseling, the academic
program, and recreation, focus on an in-depth exploration of the causes
and negative consequences of drug and alcohol use by teens and how to
create a more positive and less troubled life are available in the facility.
6.4 SURVEY RESULT
A survey was made by the researcher to be able to know different insights and thoughts
from different types of people who might be using the proposed facility.
6.4.1. General Survey
This survey was conducted to know the public’s awareness and concerns about
the state of the country’s institutional facilities. It was made online via Google
Forms and was answered anonymously by some concerned citizens.
The following were the questions asked and its explanation on why it is needed
for the research:
• Age – This was asked to know the age range of the concerned citizens.
In the chart below, the highest range of respondents are among 15-24
years old followed by those above 24 years old. Only one respondent
was below 15 years old that was concerned about the research topic.
1.00%
25.90%
Below 15
15-24
Above 24
74.00%
• Gender – This was asked to know who is more aware and concerned
with regards to the research topic. As seen on the chart below, majority
of the respondents are female.
33.70%
Female
Male
66.30%
• Rate your feelings every time you hear the words “Rehabilitation
Center” – This was asked to the respondents to know what is the impact
of such words to them. In the results below, what most people feel are
neutral, followed by positive then mostly positive. Only some feel
negative and mostly negative towards the words.
30.80%
26.00%
24%
1 - Mostly Negative
2 - Negative
3 - Neutral
14.40%
4 - Positive
5 - Mostly Positive
4.80%
• Do you know the difference between a mental institution and a
rehabilitation center? – This question will help the researcher with
regards on how people view two different facilities. Most of the
respondents answered “Yes” and is the highest rate while the others
answered “No” and “Maybe” with the equal rate.
12.50%
10.60%
Yes
No
Maybe
76.90%
• Do you know any rehabilitation and treatment center for drugs and
alcohol abusers? – The question is for the researcher to know if people
are aware that there are rehabilitation and treatment centers for drug and
alcohol abusers in the country. Majority of the respondents answered
“No”, while others does know some centers.
45.20%
54.80% Yes No
• If yes, have you been to one? – This is to know if people who knows a
rehabilitation center has already visited one and not admitted to one.
Most of those who answered “Yes” to the previous question, have not
been to a rehabilitation center while there are some who already set foot
in the said facility.
18.30%
Yes No
81.70%
• Do you think getting into a rehabilitation and treatment facility is
effective for drugs and alcohol abusers? – This question is important
since the significant of the project will also be based here. Fortunately,
most of the respondents think that it is indeed effective for the abusers
to be admitted in a rehabilitation and treatment facility.
18.30%
1.90%
Yes
No
Maybe
79.80%
• How important is a rehabilitation and treatment center for drug
and alcohol dependent youths in the country? – This question focuses
on the importance of a rehabilitation and treatment facility that caters
majority of the youth. In the chart below, 66% of the respondents thinks
it is highly important.
66%
1 - Not Important
2 - Slightly Important
27.90%
3 - Moderately Important
4 - Very Important
5 - Extremely Important
5.80%
0.00% 0.00%
• Do you think adding more rehabilitation and treatment center for
drug and alcohol dependent youths is needed in our country? – This
question was asked to know if more rehabilitation and treatment facility
is required in our country. The chart below indicates that it is highly
suggested to add more rehabilitation and treatment facility in the country
that would help the youths under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
9.60%
5.80%
Yes
No
Maybe
84.60%
• Do you think that the information provided about drug and alcohol
abuse in the country is enough for us to be aware? – This question’s
purpose is to know if information dissemination is sufficient and helpful
to the citizens of the country. In the result below, it is seen that there is
not enough information regarding the effects of drugs and alcohol abuse
for the people.
5.80%
26.90%
Yes
No
Maybe
67.30%
• Do you think the government is giving the best solution for these
abusers? – The question is about knowing people’s opinion whether the
government is doing the best they can to solve issues such as drugs and
alcohol abuse. Unfortunately, people don’t think that the government is
doing their job with regards to the problem.
8.70%
17.30%
Yes
No
Maybe
74.00%
• Do you think the government is giving importance to the
construction and/or maintenance of institutional facilities such as
rehabilitation and treatment centers? – The question’s purpose is to
know whether or not the people are feeling the presence of the
government when it comes to the maintenance of institutional facilities.
Sadly, people who answered the survey doesn’t think that the
government gives importance to the building of institutional facilities.
11.50%
22.10%
Yes
No
Maybe
66.30%
• If no, what do you think is the reason why rehabilitation centers are
not that given importance to? – This is a follow-up question for those
who answered “No” in the previous question. Most people think that the
reason behind the lack of importance to the said facility is the lack of
budget. Others say that since our current President’s program is “War
on Drugs”, they think that the government would want the people who
uses drugs be eliminated in our society rather than educating them with
the bad effects of the said substance to the mental, physical and social
capabilities of the user.

Below are the insights of the people regarding the question:
1. Not enough budget (9)
2. Corruption (5)
3. People usually have negative mindsets when it comes to
rehabilitation centers. That’s why even people who needs rehab
don't want it
4. There is a lack of it (rehabilitation and treatment centers).
5. The reason why rehabilitation centers are not that given importance
to is because they give priority to the other problems that we're
having right now and instead of going in a rehabilitation center they
just kill the drug user.
6. I think because it's better to assume that they won't get any better so
it's best just for them to go to prison than a rehab.
7. They always go for fast solutions. Giving importance to building
rehab institutions is not a fast solution.
8. Most projects are somewhat related to alleviating poverty and
ending drug crimes in the country instead of educating the youth and
spreading out knowledge on how to help people suffering from such
vices
9. Because they think that the solution to drugs is killing and
imprisonment rather than seeing it as something that can be
rehabilitated
10. Gov't officials prioritize other more important matters. They also
would rather kill than spend a lot of money on rehabilitation centers.

11. Money is expended somewhere else.
12. Because they would rather eliminate the problem than solve it.
13. Lack of money (from the users/patients).
14. The government is prioritizing other problems in our country.
15. It is easier to just get rid of them instead of treating them.
16. Because they lack faith in them.
17. Because of their different solution: Oplan Tokhang
18. Drug users/pushers are killed instead of putting them in a rehab
center.
19. They'd rather kill them than waste money for their rehabilitation.
20. Many don't know a lot of people need support and treatment. Mental
health is not a main concern of the country
21. They do not address the main problem which is addiction. They only
see the bad in it. They do not think for a long time solution, they just
want an abrupt and easy way out which is to kill the addict.
22. Because our president views drug-users, even those who quit
already, as hopeless cases.
23. I think mainly because they give priority to other projects such as
infrastructure and livelihood projects. Also, this problem needs to be
addressed since nowadays, more and more people become inclined
to drinking alcohol and thinking that suicide is the solution to their
problems, which should not because this world has more to offer.
24. Because they don’t care to what happen in youths.
25. Because they don't see the importance of having these centers
26. The government gives more importance on other things such as
highways, roads, buildings etc.
27. The government focuses on another way to eliminate those who
need it.
28. They would rather go for the band-aid solution wherein they kill
those people who are involved with drugs than try to
treat/rehabilitate them.
29. Most people view rehabilitation and treatment centers negatively.
They often think that an individual involved or placed in such
institution has no chance of changing himself/herself for the better.
Next, the budget allocation of our government is very unfair;
important matters such as education, health, and agriculture are
neglected. Lastly, people with authority would prefer to kill these
citizens instead of helping them.
30. The government is not actually giving more information to people
most especially the advantages of rehabilitation centers to the
persons in need.
31. Probably because there is still a lot of stigma and misconceptions
surrounding the issue on substance abuse and addiction. Not many
understand that most of the actions/crimes done by people under the
influence are not so much their fault but is instead driven by the
substance they have consumed and that those instances could be
prevented with better programs and guidance provided by the
government.
32. It is not a major threat before, unlike now it is very noticeable.
33. It is because the budget for our healthcare system is not given the
utmost importance. Especially, nowadays, one can see that the
government isn't focusing on the cure and education process of using
drugs and other substances but gives more depth into killing.
34. Because some government officials are supporting drug abusers.
35. They don't put too much effort in this area. They focus more on how
the police will arrest those who are drug addicts.
36. The government doesn't want to allot money for rehabilitation
centers. The government sees all those who are addicted to alcohol
and drugs as monsters. And our president is the one who
brainwashes the Filipino people that these individuals don't have the
right to live.
37. Probably because Filipinos generally do not have the money to
spend for sending their drug-dependent family to these centers. Or
if they do have the money, they do not see it as a worthwhile
investment. The administration's so called "war on drugs" also does
not help promote these rehabilitation centers, as the police and the
vigilantes are taking a brute force measure against these drug users.
38. Because they don’t care.
39. People are not aware that they exist and alcoholism is such a taboo
that families cover up for it.
40. Because the government is more focused on killing those users
instead of helping them change for the better.

41. Instead of enhancing our rehabilitation centers, the government is
more focused on eradicating the people who use/sell drugs.
42. They don't believe in what it can do.
43. Other priorities.
44. Rehabilitation centers are not given importance to by the
government because the government treats drug and alcohol
addiction as a crime instead of treating it as a disease.
45. I think that the gov't wants fast solutions, rehabilitation takes time
and money to do.
46. Based on my experience when I visited a rehab center, the buildings
were worn out and were needed to be repaired.
47. For the current administration, I think it is easier for them to kill than
to build more facilities and it makes news so that the people won’t
bother to know the other things that are happening in this country.
48. Because they focus more on other problems in our country such as
poverty, lack of housing, lack of education and lack of mass
transportation.
49. They would rather kill those drug abusers than educate and enlighten
them regarding the disadvantages of drugs.
50. Because our government thinks that drug abusers doesn't have any
chance of recovering that why they just eliminate them from the
society instead of helping them recuperate.

• Do you think that Tanay, Rizal is a good location to build the
proposed rehabilitation and treatment center for drug and alcohol
dependent youths? – This was asked to know the impact of the
proposed site to the citizens. A larger portion of the respondents agrees
that the proposed site is a good location for the archetype project.
13.50%
Yes No
86.50%
• If yes, would refer someone you know who has drug and alcohol
abuse to the said facility? – This was a follow-up question for those
who answered “Yes” to the previous question. This is for the researcher
to know if people are willing to go to the proposed site despite its
distance from the city.
24.00%
Yes No
76.00%
• Do you think allowing weekly volunteers in a rehabilitation and
treatment center for drug and alcohol dependent youths is a good
idea? – The purpose of the question is to know if a proposed program
of having volunteers every weekend in a rehabilitation facility is
feasible. Most respondents seem to like the idea, other are not sure.
8.70%
Yes No
91.30%
• If yes, would you want to volunteer every weekend in a
rehabilitation and treatment center for drug and alcohol dependent
youths? – This was asked to know if people are willing to spend their
time contributing to the proposed facility. In the chart below, people are
more likely to give time to the said patients.
37.00%
Yes No
63.00%
6.5 INTERVIEW RESULT
The researcher took time to conduct an online interview to be able to address the
concerns regarding the project.
6.5.1 Dangerous Drugs Board
The researcher contacted the DDB office and got a chance to gather thoughts
and data from Ms. Rebecca F. Arambulo, OIC in Policy Studies Research and
Statistics Division.
1. Do you think a rehabilitation and treatment center for drugs and
alcohol dependent that cater only to youths is important in our
country? Why or Why not?
Currently, there is no exclusive treatment and rehabilitation center which caters
solely to youth who are drug dependent. Based on my opinion, I agree that a
treatment and rehabilitation center for youth is ideal, however, existing
treatment and rehabilitation facilities cater to all clients regardless of age and
sex. Though, there are some existing facilities that have separate dorms for male
and female clients and also for children and adolescent. For as long as there is
a program plan that are individualized and addresses the needs of the youth,
then such facility needs to be established. It is important that the individual is
self-motivated and the desire to change is evident, otherwise, when the
readiness is not there, the tendency to relapse is high. This is especially for cases
when the individual is ‘forced’ to enter treatment and rehabilitation either
because of pressures from family or has been arrested e.g. for drug possession
where criminal liability is present.
The following are the advantages of residential or inpatient facility: The

individual is in a program that provides an intense level of care - individuals
who have tried to battle addiction previously. Likewise, being in a residential
setting, more time each day is focused on recovery, through group and
individual counseling settings, as well as other treatment exercises; and have
less distractions of daily life activities/worries while in treatment.
One of the downside of having a treatment and rehabilitation centers not solely
for the youth is that when the individual is risk of being exposed to the same
influences, risks and triggers in your life that pushed you towards drug or
alcohol.
Primary prevention is still more important than tertiary or that which needs in-
patient care for the drug dependent. Primary prevention is more cost effective
than having individual seek treatment and rehabilitation. Likewise, the benefits
of primary prevention are far more rewarding considering that there is early
intervention that has been provided prior to continued drug use and eventually
drug dependency. Primary prevention can be provided through attendance to
anti-drug abuse advocacy seminars, increasing drug awareness on the ill effects
of dangerous drugs and drug education which could be obtained from school,
media exposure and community.
Family is the first line of defense. When the family is strong and supportive to
the needs of the individual, the reason to take drugs is very least a problem.
Thus, strengthening the family is very crucial and is a protective factor in
preventing drug use/abuse.

2. What do you think are the reasons why people use dangerous drugs?
There are several reasons why people use dangerous drugs. Peer influence is
one of the common reasons why people turn to drugs. The pressure and
influence of friends is a ‘push factor’. There is also the ‘curiosity’. In a study
commissioned by the Dangerous Drugs Board in 2015 among 10 to 69 years
old in the general population, curiosity or desire to experience ranks the number
one reason for trying to use drugs, followed by peer pressure. There is also the
mention of the following reasons in the following order: during parties or
occasions, started as medical reasons, family problem, depression and help
increase one’s appetite. Based on the same survey, reasons for continued use
include make me ‘stronger/more active’, ‘influenced of friends or barkada’,
‘helps me sleep’. Some simply say they have become addicted to the drugs.
However, I believe that family plays a very crucial role in the use and abuse of
illicit drugs. When the individual’s basic needs are not met in the home such as
love and affection, the individual seeks such from other people and most often
than not, the individual turns to the wrong peers or barkada where he supposedly
finds ‘acceptance’.
3. Do you think there will be a chance wherein our country will be free
from illegal drugs now that our current President’s main program is
“War on Drugs”? Why or Why not?
The program of the present government on “War on drugs” is a combination of
curbing both the supply and demand for dangerous drugs. The holistic approach
which provides not only suppressing the supply or source of drugs, but also, a
provision for a program on drug prevention, as well as, appropriate treatment

and rehabilitation (if necessary) is being implemented. The government
develops and adopts a comprehensive, integrated and balanced national drug
abuse prevention and control strategy.
The government uses or adopts the five-pillar approach to curb the drug abuse
problem. These are the:
a. Drug supply reduction – taking away the source or supply of drugs  
b. Drug demand reduction – taking the demand for the drug through
preventive education, treatment and rehabilitation, and research are
applied to reduce the demand for drugs
c. Civic awareness and response – encourages the various sectors of
society such as  media organizations, to participate by increasing
awareness and public  understanding of its anti-drug advocacy
d. International and regional cooperation approach puts emphasis on cross
– border  strategy and regional cooperation among our ASEAN
counterparts and other  international organizations.
e. Alternative development provides rural development measures aimed at
providing lawful, viable and sustainable sources of income in marijuana
planted sites.
The influx of drug surrenderers or those who voluntarily surrendered to the
barangays or local governments is a phenomenon. The Dangerous Drugs Board
through a Board Regulation No. 4, s. 2016 provided for a national guideline on
those drug users who voluntarily surrendered to their barangay or anti-drug
abuse council to undergo either a community-based treatment program or if

found to be drug dependent, to undergo treatment and rehabilitation in a center.
This is huge step undertaken by the government. This will not only strengthen
our drug campaign, but will also strengthen the barangay anti-drug abuse
councils and city anti-drug abuse councils in every city/municipality. Not all
drug users enter treatment because not all who surrender to the barangay are
drug dependent. Upon assessment, the voluntary drug user, may be provided
interventions in his barangay/community or if found that he needs professional
help for his drug dependency, there is a referral system to a treatment facility.
The introduction of community-based treatment program in every barangay will
be beneficial to both the user and his family. In a community-based treatment
program, the ‘stigma’ may eventually be erased or removed since people in the
community will be empowered and strengthened and more aware that the user
is a victim and needs professional help and support not only from his family,
but also from his community, especially the acceptance of his condition.
The relentless efforts of the government to curb the drug problem, together, with
all sectors of society, including the support of each and every Filipino is a
formula for a successful drug campaign and eventually a reduction in the supply
and demand for illegal drugs. The fight is not the sole responsibility of the
government, but, of everyone.
When systems and processes are in place, programs are effectively implemented
such as the drug testing in workplaces, schools and extended to drivers and
professionals. There is a treatment and rehabilitation program and given
appropriate interventions and law enforcement is strengthened and law
enforcers are equipped. The problem on drugs can be reduced to a large extent.
We should understand that the drug problem is multi-faceted meaning it
involves not only the social or physical aspect, but it is a holistic approach.
4. Can Dangerous Drugs Board be in partnership with DOH (proposed
administrator) as well as other non-government agencies in facilitating
and managing the proposed Center? Why or why not?
The Dangerous Drugs Board is created and mandated by law as the policy-
making and strategy formulating body in the planning and formulation of
policies and programs on drug prevention and control. It shall develop and adopt
a comprehensive, integrated, unified and balanced national drug abuse
prevention and control strategy.  The Dangerous Drugs Board is composed of
17 members and this to include DOH, which is the implementing arm of the
Board, when it comes to treatment and rehabilitation. The DDB, as a
policymaking body sets national guidelines and regulations on treatment and
rehabilitation that shall be implemented by the Department of Health.
The DOH are the administrators of government-operated treatment and
rehabilitation centers (TRCs), as well as, sets guidelines for the accreditation pf
both government and private centers and standardization of programs of
treatment and rehabilitation centers in the country.  The Dangerous Drugs
Board on the other hand can be in partnership with DOH in facilitating the
proposed project. This will ensure that treatment and rehabilitation program in
the proposed facility is managed appropriately and monitored according to
standards and basic needs for treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents.
This will also ensure the efficient and effective delivery of treatment and
rehabilitation services.
5. What would be the scope and limitations since most of the patients are
minor?
For minor drug dependents, it is important that the rights of the child are not
being violated by any treatment and rehabilitation center.
As stipulated under Republic Act No. 7610, June 17 1992. “Children refers to
person below 18 years of age or those over but are unable to fully take care of
themselves or protect themselves from abuse, cruelty, exploitation or
discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition.”
10630. AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE JUVENILE JUSTICE
SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES, AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9344, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE
"JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE ACT OF 2006" AND
APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR.
A teenage rehabilitation center is a place where any dependent will be treated
with care and dignity. One therefore can be sure that the minor or his loved one
will receive the best possible care for individual recovery needs. In-patient
treatment provides a safety net for minor drug dependent clients because the
temptations of the outside world are not available. It is also important to
remember that no one is alone in recovery.
Teen rehab programs should be designed to treat more than just the drug
dependency but also treat any additional related needs the minor client may
have. Substance abuse affects many aspects of a user's life, including brain
function and behaviors. Treatment and rehabilitation programs available must
be designed to address these effects of substance abuse, as well.

6. Below is the list of spaces (see Chapter 7) that I would like to include
in my proposed rehabilitation and treatment center, what can you say
about it?
All those spaces mentioned in your proposed TRC are necessary for an equipped
TRC.
7. What other facilities or spaces can you suggest and recommend as part
of the proposed rehabilitation and treatment center?
The best teen rehab center is a facility that provides multiple types of treatment.
A comprehensive approach to substance abuse is most effective at treating
dependency at its core. Each minor drug abuser is unique in his or her recovery
needs. Some may need extra therapy, while others may need medication.
Throughout treatment, it is important that the patient is periodically assessed to
ensure that the current treatment remains the best to assist his or her ongoing
sobriety. It is important that a user stays in treatment for as long as necessary.
Drug dependency cannot be cured overnight and requires a sufficiently lengthy
treatment for best results. It is important to remember that sobriety is a lifetime
recovery process and with motivation, love of family and understanding of the
community and society, the individual can remain sober.
6.5.2 Bridges of Hope Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation and Foundation
Inc.
The researcher contacted the BH Office and got a chance to gather thoughts
from Mr. Guillermo Gomez, Program Director of the facility.
1. How long does a treatment last for a patient?

It actually depends on the treatment needed by the patient. For those who are
taking short term treatment, it will require them at least 1-7 months. For those
who wish to take full term treatment, 12 months is required for them to stay in
the facility. However, when the patient shows maturity and progressive learning
and performance, they can be released in less than 12 months. During their stay
here, they will be supervised and interviewed by our staff in order to know them
better and help them in their recuperation.
2. What can we expect from the first few months of treatment?
First of all, residents would generally experience heightened cravings for the
substances that they took. Our facility has a withdrawal/detox program to help
them fight that longingness. And second, homesickness is also a setback among
patients. Since most of them would require to stay in the facility, there are times
wherein patients would come to us and ask us if they could already be visited
by their loved ones. Of course we have to say ‘No’ since they are still adapting
to their new home. We just have to talk to them and explain their situation. Our
job requires so much patience and understanding in order to provide a successful
treatment for our patients.
3. What do the patients normally do inside the facility?
Our normal daily routine is packed with activities to help them identify who
they are and how to work on their weaknesses and make them strengths.
Complete program activities will be given to families upon admission.
Residents are divided and assigned to their own departments and each of them
have their own daily tasks that they need to accomplish before the end of the
day. We also allow them to participate in kitchen duties but we don’t allow them
to use knives. They are commonly assigned in dishwashing and cleaning. We
only allow a patient to join all these activities if he/she has showed improvement
over time. Usually, we give activities to those who are inside the facility for
about a motnh.
4. Do you allow residents to bring gadgets like phones and laptops
inside the facility?
Gadgets and other electronic devices are not allowed to be brought inside the
center. Our goal is to help them recuperate faster and bringing gadgets inside
would not help in our goal as it will just be a distraction. There are phones
available inside but for emergency purposes only.
5. Do you allow families to visit their loved ones admitted in the
center?
Yes we do allow families to visit but it will only begin 7-8 months after
admission. It is usually for about 1-2 hours twice a week maximum.
6. What will happen after a patient completes his/her rehabilitation
program?
Our center is the only one that provides free lifetime aftercare program and
halfway house privileges. Aftercare residents and their family can attend the
monthly Aftercare Continuing Care Meeting. We help our patients to pursue a
career plan outside the facility as either a student, employee or business
proprietor.
7. What spaces do you think needs improvement in your facility?
I think a better emergency clinic is needed in our center. Since the space we
provided for our clinic is limited. It is much appropriate so that we can

accommodate the patients better and the medical staff could also do their job
properly.
8. Would it be okay to provide a rehabilitation center for the youth?
I think that it is okay to provide such facility as long as it will help those youths.
Rehabilitation is a very complicated process but once you’ve finished it, your
life would be better.
in my proposed rehabilitation and treatment center, what can you
say about it?
The spaces you are trying to incorporate in your project are all needed in a
rehabilitation center. I like that you added more spaces such as the classrooms
and workshops since it is very much needed by patients to give them enough
spaces to learn and grow. Just make sure that the placement of each rooms are
secured and provide areas for security.
6.5.3 Self Enhancement for Life Foundation Inc.
The researcher contacted the BH Office and got a chance to gather thoughts
from Ms. Eileen Simbulan, Deputy Program Director of the facility.
1. What are the signs of substance use/abuse?
Normally, a “gut feel” is never wrong. As they say, where there is smoke, there
is fire. However, the following observable behaviors may help you determine
substance use/abuse: Reversed sleeping patterns; erratic eating habits resulting
in drastic weight loss; episodes of irrational behavior; inability to keep
commitments; neglect of personal hygiene; always in need of money while

unable to maintain expenses; loss of personal belongings; hanging around with
known drug abusers. It is also important to search for illicit substances such as:
tablets; capsules, powder-like substances; packets of dried (marijuana) leaves;
joints (sticks of marijuana); roaches (marijuana butts) and so on. Search also for
common paraphernalia such as: strips of aluminum foil; rolled tissue; glass
straws; mini bottles; syringes; razor blades; modified lighters, etc.
2. How do you convince someone who has addiction to seek treatment?
A lot of instances, the dependent would volunteer themselves to the facility. In
other instances, families attempt an “Intervention Process” but it has been the
practice of most families to do the responsible act of admitting a loved one to a
treatment center. It is ideal when the entire family recognizes the problem and
collectively makes a decision to admit the loved one. In many of the cases,
however, it takes the decision of a single family member (a parent or spouse) to
initiate the arrangements until further support could be won within the family.
It has been observed that once the dependent is showing improvement in
treatment, family members who were once resistant often turn supportive.
3. How young are your patients in the facility?
Actually we have patients as young as 15-17 years old who were admitted here
in our facility. It is not something new since kids nowadays very much like to
experiment and try something new. Also because of what they see on the
internet, it makes them do something extraordinary and that includes drugs and
alcohol.
4. Would it be okay to provide a rehabilitation center for the youth?
It is actually something different since it only focuses on the youth. Most of our
patients here, also started using drugs at a very young age. So for me, that kind
of project is something that I am looking forward to.
5. What do you think needs improvement in your facility?
For me, I think we need bigger departmental areas for us to work and function
properly. Also, a staff lounge would help us take a break from time to time.
Since we are required in the office 8am-5pm, it would be ideal to have a place
for relaxation during our free time.
in my proposed rehabilitation and treatment center, what can you
say about it?
All spaces are required in the facility you are proposing. I see that it is something
that is complete and well thought of for a drug and alcohol rehabilitation center.

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Chapter 6

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Center for Rehabilitation and Treatment for Drug and Alcohol Dependent Youths 152

CHAPTER VI: TECHNICAL DATA PRESENTATION

In Chapter 3, methods and tools and instruments of research was discussed to

• Archival Research – Latest information that is related to the project is

acquired from the printed materials available from libraries, such as

mostly in the Review of Related Literature chapter. It will be applied by

the researcher in creating approaches and considerations to the users and

to the building framework of the project.

functions and concepts to the researcher’s project. This method will be

the basis on how to improve and innovate the researcher’s proposed

published materials or Internet will be acquired through interviews.

Facts, statements, and limitations or rules and guidelines regarding the

researcher. In addition, experiences and observation will also be tackled.

of the researcher regarding the project.

• Survey – The use of questionnaires and surveys are to be used to gain

public participations and responses. Surveys will then be posted on

different social media accounts and will be used by the researcher in

6.2 ARCHIVAL RESEARCH

archival research that are relevant to the project:

6.2.1 Program Related

6.2.1.1 Therapeutic Community

supportive environment. The Therapeutic Community aims to create the

By focusing on the life, behavior, and attitude of the individual instead

the patients can use to face the outside world.

The therapeutic community is highly structured and people live together as a

and, in the community, every element in the environment is designed to

therapeutically bring out these strengths and skills.

6.2.1.2 Benefits of the Therapeutic Community Approach

The highly structured environment of a therapeutic community can help

people with substance and behavioral addictions:

and behavior affects other people.

• They can develop a better understanding of other people.

• They are empowered to take responsibility for their behavior.

• Treatment focuses on the root causes rather than only the

• They can learn how to cooperate with others within the

• They can develop leadership skills.

• They can develop confidence as they see their importance and

role in the community.

• They can feel safe within the structure.

• They can feel in control of their own progress within the

after the program ends

6.2.1.3 What are expected within a Therapeutic Community?

The structure of this community is designed to be highly therapeutic,

and can only be effective to each individual if the following elements

• Emphasis on shared responsibility

• Protection from potential stressors

• Taking responsibility for behavior

• Willingness to follow rules

• Understanding of roles and expectations within the community

• Commitment to the agreed-upon rules enforced by members of

• Complete ban of all intoxicating substances

• Regular feedback on behavior

• Confrontation of anyone behaving poorly within the community

• Reflection of the community as a microcosm of their role in their

family and in society

6.2.2 Code Related

6.2.2.1 Guidelines in the Planning and Design of a Hospital and

other Health Facilities (DOH, 2004)

A hospital and other health facilities shall be planned and designed to

observe appropriate architectural practices, to meet prescribed

functional programs, and to conform to applicable codes as part of

normal professional practice.

The following are the things to be considered when designing a

plants and  disposal plants.

be  provided for each floor of the building.

breakdown  of buildings and equipment.