Foreign Literature

Synder (2008) found inequality in the educational system in Peru among Indigenous and
non-Indigenous People. They found that there seemed to be low appropriation of financial
and support services and/or resources. In his study, it was found that there are statistical
difference in many indicators that are related to the profile, household and school factors
and points that this need to be taken into consideration by the government to close the
gaps. In an earlier study, the same issues and concerns about IP education between He
suggested that more funds must be provided to this minority group and education must
also focus on the use of bilingual education system to address issues related to the IP’s
monolinguals (Ukeda, 2003). Ewing et.al (2017) did not only emphasize on this inequality
in education but also on the training given and employability of IP youths in urban, rural
and regional areas across Australia. Contrary to the literature that they had reviewed
which highlighted on the problems encountered by Aboriginal people on their
employments, practices in hiring and retention, the case studies that were conducted
proved that these people are able to get jobs and training opportunities which are available
and given to other employees. Despite some hurdles and issues, their employability in the
community where they live is still good.
Kellard and Paddon (2016) conducted a qualitative study on the indigenous children’s
early education prior to taking the compulsory education mandated by law in selected
communities in Australia. It was found that participation in this endeavor was made out of
trust. They found that both parents and children who participated in this endeavor
benefitted from it. Early childhood education has prepared the students in coping with
education especially in again skills related to both numbers and literacy, which was crucial
for the compulsory education.
Moreover, the gap existing between them and the non-indigenous students could hardly be
distinguished. Like any other poor people, issues related to the cost of education, means of
transportation, awareness and understanding by the IP parents on the importance of this
education and care In another study, Hall and Patrinos (2006) mentioned that there is a
low rate of learning outcome among students because at an early age, they are already
required to work by the parents instead of attending classes or they are required to work
while they are studying. Compared to what Peracca, Catino and Ruiz, female students are
less likely to avail of the educational and health services. Their findings only confirm that
poverty and lack of access to educational services are big stumbling blocks for the IP
students to their right to education. They believe that lack of access to these services is
road blocks to assist the educational needs of the students.