Shahjalal University of Science &

Technology, Sylhet

Department of

“Chemical Engineering & Polymer

Science”

Assignment Course Name:

Thermodynamics

Course Code:
Submitted to CEP-271

Md. Delowar Hossain

Lecturer Submission Date: 13.12.2020
Department of CEP, Sust

Submitted by:

MD.AL-WAKIL AHMED 2016332016

Problem 1: Kumargaon Power Plant operates, at the thermal efficiency equal to 88% of the Shahbazpur
Power Plant, with the steam inlet temperature at 898 0C and subsequently discards the exhaust
steam at 150 0C. Note that Shahbazpur Power Plant’s thermal efficiency is equal to 55% of the
Carnot Engine’s thermal efficiency for the same temperature.
i) What is the current thermal efficiency of the Kumargaon Power Plant?
ii) If the thermal efficiency of the Kumargaon Power Plant has to be augmented by 5%, what
would be your recommendations to improve the efficiency of the power plant? Why?
iii) If environmental regulatory authority restricts the effluent’s discharge temperature between
15 0C and 45 0C, what would you recommend to optimize the waste heat?

Solution:
i) So, here is given
Shahbazpur plant’s efficiency is = 55% of the Carnot Engine’s thermal efficiency.
And Kumargaon powerplant’s thermal efficiency is 88% of Shahbazpur’s efficiency.

So, Shahbazpur plant’s thermal efficiency, = 0.55 ×Carnot engine’s thermal efficiency
= 0.55×(1-(T1/T2))
 = 0.55×(1-(423/1171))
= 0.35

So, now, Kumargaon plant’s thermal efficiency = 0.88×0.35

= 0.31

So, Kumargaon plant’s current thermal efficiency is 31%.

i) So, here we are told to increase the efficiency of Kumargaon plant’s by 5%. So, if we

Take a look at efficiency equation, we will get two ways to improve efficieny.
1. Decrease the temperature of Cold reservoir while keeping Hot reservoir temperature constant.
2. Increase the temperature of Hot reservoir while keeping the Cold reservoir temperature constant.

Now, what’s best?

Now , for increasing heat we have to burn more fuel, and that will cost more energy. But to lower the
temperature , we might use compressor or turbine but it will cost less than the first one.
So, my recommendation is to lower the temperature of Cold reservoir ,keeping the Hot reservoir
temperature constant to increase the efficiency of Kumargaon Powerplant.

ii) So, if the regulatory authority restricts the temperature limit, than a large amount of heat will
be wasted. So we can utilize these huge amount of heat in various fields,
1. If there is any cogeneration plant or system in the plant , we can use that heat there.
2. We can use that heat to form steam. Steam are used in various purpose in any industry, like
turbine operation.
3. We can use that heat in heat exchanger also.
Problem 2: In Eastern Refinery Ltd., steam is flowing through pipeline for indirect heating in shell and
tube heat exchanger to raise the temperature of crude oil from room temperature to 85 0C. If
supplied saturated steam at 1255kpa of 95% quality is throttled to generate steam at 174.65kpa
for charging in the shell and tube heat exchanger to meet the purpose, prepare a mathematical
report about the steam condition (saturated, superheated or under-saturated) after throttling.
Solution:
So, the supplied steam is at 1255kpa of 95% quality, and also in saturated condition.
So, for 1255kpa pressure,
Specific enthalpy of saturated steam Hv = 2785.31 kJ/kg
Specific enthalpy of saturated water Hl = 807.563 kK/kg
Now, from vapor quality equation we get = Hv × .95 + (1-.95)Hl
= (2785.31×.95)+(1-.95)807.563
= 2686.42265 kJ/kg
Now, steam of 174.65kpa and enthalpy of 2686.42 kJ/kg has a temperature of 100 degree centigrade.
That’s why after throttling it will be a saturated steam.