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Elementsoflandscape 131120063928 Phpapp01 PDF
Elementsoflandscape 131120063928 Phpapp01 PDF
Elementsoflandscape 131120063928 Phpapp01 PDF
The elements of composition are the visual qualities that people see and respond to
when viewing a space. Visual qualities can illicit many different emotions and feelings,
and the more positive those feelings, the more likely people are to enjoy and use a
space.
LIGHTNING IN LANDSCAPE :
• OUTDOOR LIGHTING IS USED TO ILLUMINATE PEDESTRIAN WALKWAYS, ROADS
AND ENTRY AREAS. IT MAY ALSO PROVIDE A DRAMATIC EFFECT WHEN IT LIGHTS
UP BENCHES AND FOUNTAINS.
• THE LEVEL OF ILLUMINATION VARIES WITH THE EXTENT OF USAGE OF THE
VARIOUS EXTERNAL SPACES.
• HIGH INTENSITY LIGHT IS REQUIRED FOR HIGHWAYS AND OTHER HEAVILY USED
AREAS.
• WARM AND COLOURED ILLUMINATION IS BEST SUITED FOR QUIET AREAS ALONG
MINOR RESIDENTIAL STREETS AND PARKING AREAS
LIGHTNING TECHNIQUES :
PATH LIGHTING
Typical fixtures: mushrooms, tulip lights,
lanterns, tier lights, specialty lights.
• These low impact or shielded lights face down
to the ground or paths to add safety, security and
visibility for walking.
• Path landscape lighting evenly and clearly light
pathways, walkways and water elements like ponds
and waterfalls while avoiding glare.
ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING
Cedar
Cedar is similar to redwood in its durability, and resistance
to rot and insect pests. Cedar is usually not used as a structural
component in construction for it is much weaker than redwood
& cypress. It is used only for the decorative portions of a project.
On average cedar is about half the cost of redwood and
about twice the cost of pressure treated lumber.