penn Bene ctr Ty i eee AERC a cucedect ren Ae bcr art scary n°504 / All English. YOaCABLE ud as eto en V.O. pour progresser en anglais eo) fa Le HOW WE LIVE NOW __ WHAT DOES THE "NEW NORMAL” LOOK LIKE? TRAVEL SPOOKY STORIES FOR HALLOWEEN THE RK TIMES ECOLOGY WHYIS CALIFORNIA BURNING? NEW YORK TIMES TECH CAN WE AVOID INFORMATION OVERLOAD? ‘THE ECONOMIST "OK, Boomer": Why young voters matter this Novemberédito ‘SOPHIE LAVERGNE REDACTRICE ENCHEF Do less and live better? “The presshas been highlighting the myriad ways coronavirus has changed our daily lives recently. ‘According to research, we et differently, sleepless well, and are more interested in sport. We read more and go to the cinema less. We socialise less, and apparently spend more time with our family. ‘The new reality everywhere, is a reduced pace, return to basics, and to live a better life by living aslower life. In thisissue,welook athow this new reality isimpacting our lifestyle as wellas those in Britain and the US. Slowing down and consuming less is also a good way to help the planet. In recent weeks, more and ‘more Americans have recognised the urgent need to find solutions to climate change. As wildfires devastate the West Coast, we look at the causes and how people have reacted on the ground (in the section, Enjeuy) ‘Another way tolead a more serene existence is to spend less time in front of our screens, The sec- ton Décowverteoffersan articleon the problem of information overload and its effect on our brains. We clearly need to disconnect from time to time and reconnect with reality. Happy Reading! epigersosssn Get sierra ese Eo article est reprissurle Dou les MP3 ‘de conversation :Desinteniewsen VO. pour amir votrecompréhension “ous es articles cumagazine sont uspardes _anglophones surleCD (oules MP3) de lecture Retrouverlereportage vidéo leatarice suvocablett sommaire NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTE ET EQUIVALENCE CECRL (Gate uropéen Commun deference pourleslagues): 2 facle AZ-BI_ 4 moyen B2-Cl 4% cificle C-C2 Pou alte eepeage et acomprthensin sot adtssonsufgnésdanstosles ‘ties agaane N®504/Dut5au28 octobre 2020 Grandangle Onparied'eux Alaune +#=0 | Will people leave cities post-pandemic?- [Ban facngan ‘ban cd? Isthe office finished? msm ‘The joyand misery of working remotely. @ i] +1281 | Covid-19 seems to have changed lifestyles for good ESTE © Has our lifestyle been permanently altered by the pandemic? ie] es] @ ‘Surlevif ‘The Ghosts of New York im=arammomrmns Urban legends to make yourhair stand on end. Enjeux m0 | Why does California have so many wildfires? The West Coasts beng devastated by wires PRATIC’ABLE © ocabutie:laplanéte Terre /Conjugalson: vox passvet activeaupassé/ Soigner tre orthgraphe /Jeuxdemots ‘Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler comme unanglophone A360° Young Americans feel their voting weight mmm Anew generation of Americans called upon to vote (aa) (aema] ® (eee) Focus Culture (#58) zoom@) [s**2 ] How “Keeping Up With The Kardashians” changed everything Its goodbye from Kim. Kourtney and Khloe. John Steinbeck: A flawed genius ca One ofthe greats of American literature i @ [#557] Les échos Découverte [2281] Picture of a cauliflower could help us unravel the mysteries of the universe manasa ‘Anintergalactic cauliflower #486) How toescape information overload?’ ‘When aur memory box fll Lessorties LedessinETATS-UNS. MOONWALKING climber person undertakingan ascent /slack-liner sport: Ittook them four months to find the perfect spot. Two friends, one a photographer, the ‘other a professional climber and slack-liner, explored the Utah desert to create a photograph giving the illusion of aman walking on the moon. Mission accomplished: photo was taken in Moab, Utah, a town about four hours away from Salt Lake City. “The climbing and slacktining techniques that went into [this project] took usa lifetime of practice,” the climber told the press. They also chose the right season: the temperature in ‘the Utah desert can rise up to 40 degrees in summer and fall below zero in winter! art ehtope walking /away distance rom /Ufetime eteelife/ practice Uraing right aproorate/toriseyrase,rsen to ncieasetofall fell fallen to decrease (4+ VOCABLE Dut 2 ctQD Retrowverte i dinfossurwwmavocable.fr Ceux quifontl'actu Ruth Bader Ginsburg ‘The second woman ever to serve at the American Supreme Jus tice Court, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, died on 18 September at the age of 87. This resulted in an overwhelming number of tributes within the U.S. and from abroad. Appointed by Bill Clinton in 1096, Ginsburg was known as a “fighter,” with a liberal inter pretation of the law who played a major role in the women's rights movement. Having herself suffered from discrimina- tion - she graduated top of her class at the prestigious Colum- bia University, but wasn't offered a single job ~ her time at the Supreme Court was dedicated to advancing women's rights. Her passionate rhetoric and willingness to go against the sys- tem earned her the nickname “The Notorious R.G.B". She died of complications from cancer at her home in Washington D.C while she was yet to retire. ever tan tne /toserveto cc) apoio supreme courthihestcourt nthe teal sca of heUntedState/veewheling an mopar morse nr wit nornaga/ abroad fragn cates ovrsae appoint Seestanornste/ Aograduateocttane dloma toplist singer Pt one /to advance promote /wilingness ress: detrnnaton/€gaamsb ost nkname norma name yetsilnet/Aoretretostp Warr beast Oa). Donald Trump has spent much of 2020 2020 wasthe year of Megan TheeSStallion. Bors Johnson's going along with his plan to minimising coronavirus, refusing the wear a mask and spreading misinformation about WayStocure the disease. But, behind the scenes, his thoughts on the pandemic were different. Journalist Bb Woodward has just released a recording of the president dating from March 2020 where he admits to have deliberately ‘downplayed the vius’ in order not “to create a panic’ Do youregret all the ying that you've done to the American people?” asked another journalist, lateron, at a ress conference. Trump refused toreply towear, wore, worn oputon/to spread, spread, spread iocssorrate/ misinformation alse infomation toereta a aremee or elsease here vits/behintheseanesinpivate/torelease here tormake publ /tostateto assert. doce recording aus resevatononcasete. dc or putt /tedate tng bck t/todawnplay to minimise heimprtanc2o ying not ting truth saying rings that are false Her single, Savage, went viral on TIkTOk for ‘months, and her duet with Cardi8, WAP, topped the chart throughout the Summer Now, the 25 years-old rapper has been listed in 100 Influential People of 2020 by TIME Magazine. So what’sso special about this superstar in the making? “She has strength through vulnerability” the magazine wrote about her, "she'sa free spit, hes an entertainer. The industry might try to pigeonhole her, but she's gota plan that’s ‘much bigger togo, went, gone vial tosoesery acl thanks to therneret and vaca med / duet geared two eos totop the chart tobe numer one intnaht Dade of popular sones/ throughout ding alo /In themaking tobe the precessorbecornrg/ entertainer arts (rskian singe dace et pigeonhole tacatepuise abe 0 breach the EU. Withdrawal Agreement he had previously agreed toas part of Brexit, and has formally intrudoced the bil in the House Of Commons. positiveresult would mean breaking international law. This decision was heavily criticised by an unexpected adversary from his own political party: Theresa May. The former PM sald in a speech that she would vote against Johnson’ plan when presented. “ifthe Potential consequences ofthe Withdrawal [Agreement were so bad, why dt government sign it?" she asked, leaving her Parliamentary colleagues speechless. tobreachtocontavene/ withdrawal agreement, theatcod whch efnes the temsonhow theUX leaves thet /billsop0r8sia /as parton econterc House of Commons ier hovse of Paiamentn the US heavily sory / unexpected supine former PM=PrimeMinister speach ra alk speechless rma sent unableto peak VOCABLE D8 ay 28octste2n2Société | EXZ_RovAUME-UNi ** B2-C1 SOPHIE GALLAGHER ‘ountrysidein the Niland closeto Birmingham. (sic) ee Peete ESCAPE TO THE COUNTRY: WILL PEOPLE LEAVE CITIES BEHIND POST-PANDEMIC? ‘Are we like fleeing rats on a sinking ship? With ever rising house prices, climate change issues, and coronavirus clusters, cities are quickly becoming less attractive. In the U.K., young andnot-so-young Londoners are considering aretreat to the countrysidein response to the pandemic. orcenturies, cities have been plagued by periodic crises. The Great Plague (of 1665 killed 70,000 Londoners, and those who could afford to leave fled the city. King Charles Il and his courtiers left for Hampton Court. Parliament was moved to Oxford. All trade between London and other plague toplaguetoaticttafect/The Great Plague eoideicofthebubanc plaguln Ela rom 665.1656 toatordiohave eno money tof, ld edo cae, for aay tom’ eaurtlar mere of heal Ceurtenteuage tomove'o varster/wadecorerrce/ (6 VOCABLE Uw 28k 2009 towns was topped. The border with Scotland ‘was closed. Across the channel was no dif ferent: in 1641 the future King Louis XIV of France was sent from Paris to Versaille to escape a smallpox epidemic. Even in modern times, parts of society have always planned an escape for when city life becomes perilous: both g/at and the July (the) Channetsea teen Brana francesmalpex recto dsease cratered eer ard putes. 9M = Septembeith 2001/ 2005 London bombings saw a spike in inter- estin rural properties. But these shifts were always, largely, temporary. The opportunities for employ. ‘ment, wealth and education that urban ar eas offered meant that each generation of youth continued to be tempted by streets bombing bonbattack spike suscenincrease shiftcharge/ largely sso. /weath ppesperty/ youth young people/ slack A2-B1/ 4 moyen B2-C1/ He sila C-E2@ Teecnargeztappii Vocabieoterteanos abomnés! wwm.vocable.fr/applimobile paved with gold”, But what about ina post Covid world; will technology, and the abil: ity for many to work remotely mean the exodus is final? Coronavirus isa virus defined by city liv ing. Itoriginated in Wuhan, China, acity of 11 million people. Deaths in cities have not been universally higher than in less-popu lated areas (poverty has played.a more crucial role than density) but the statistics indicate cities are hard hit: the most recent Public Health England data (for week beginning 8 July] shows the highest number of deaths is in London (6715) followed by the north west (6,589) and the south east (5,247). Other difficulties of city living have been thrown into the spotlight in lockdown: trapped in properties that are, on average, smaller than elsewhere; having ess access to a garden (21 per cent of Londoners have no tobe paved witha bo covered th ability capac, post remotely omame/ fa ried, oe. ‘worignatetoorigraly cometrom/ hardbay to hit hit nttornpct. toatect/data infrmaten, Staite tothrow, theew, thrown nto the spotight'o urinate torevet to expose /tckdowmconnerent/ ‘tobe trapped oe tockes ae unable to escape, Oe sluck/onaverageingncial/ b/s garden}; the inflated rental prices (London ishighest in Europe, Manchester is 3oth and Birmingham 36th);and the density of people making social distancing harder. As the proximity to your office becomes negligible, and no one is abe to take advantage of cul: tural and gastronomic benefits, the ptos of urban junglelife are less obvious. Peter deGraft Johnson, 26, is one of those thinking about leaving London after lock down. The poet and parttime cinema work er, says what initially attracted him to the city was “to be a part of the progressive arts and culture communities” and to meet like ‘minded people. Despite great memories ofthe city heis now considering moving back to Essex, or even abroad. “I think many young people are con sidering leaving" he tells The Independent. Inftated excessive /rentalrelatingtoliving in prooerty terecrariy exchange fora monyweay sur! ‘money ards fie woricace to take, took, part-time ose lt Intl begnning/progresive ovate avant Uke-minded Aespite not of / memory eolection/to consider tothinkabout abroad overseas, ut mn “Covid has given more people the impetus to leave because it has highlighted the severe inequalities that [always] existed. Racist polic ing, high costof living, lack of affordable and safe housing” Lucy Moss, 39, from Manchester, and her husband Sasha, say they have found locke down made them more reflective about what they want for their family - and it isn't city living. "We had not really been forced to think about it before lockdown - the city kept us busy. But now nothing is here, we realise how much we want to be closer to family and friends: Of course migrating to the suburbs is not ‘unique to the Covid-era. Anthony Champion, professor of population geography at New castle University, says: “Young people are ‘most likely to move in from the shires to Impetus mca stimulus /tabighlighto unetine, ‘sonieattentonan/severesertis/plicng\ ana der survellanceby pole ack absence shortage’ housing 2cconmodatn, tases. ‘tobereflectiveaboutisthirka tabout/busy active oruped /toreallse‘obecomeanare/ lose suburb reset area utiethecenteata cty/ unique e's spc / kay cbable/tomevein Srivesrasetuphome/ shiraheecountryese/ SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE Rappel: country se raduit par paysou campagne Ne pas confondire country et county (comté) La plupart des counties se terminent en'shire' (exemple: Yorkshire, Herefordshire, Gloucestershire . Pourcomparer la vile &la campagne onparlede ‘urban / rural towns and cities /country Entre les deux. ily ales suburbs ou ‘outskirts (ia banlieve),ce quidonne Uexpression suburbanisation (#14). VoCABLE Dut. 78.csbe 2mSociété EE ROYAUME-UNI] | > B2-C1 y ‘One room ina house share in London (with3 housemates!) ‘A flat, with one bedroom, na medium sized ity suchas Bristol or Brighton ‘Anentirehouse with four bedrooms, inmoreruialpartsof the country orsmaller cities such as Swansea (Wales) or Glasgow (Scotland). (ouce 6) houseshare where several peoplerentone ropertytogether/ovsemate ons of roupof people whoshareafome/flatapartment achieve more rapid career progress than they felt they would at home, and then later in their lives cash in on their inflated urban house values and move out, either at family building age (before children) or nearer te- tirement” Butlimited early data postlockdown sug, {gests we arent seeing just the normal cycle ‘of movement. The number of jobseekers ‘wanting to get out of the capital has more than doubled in the last fortnight compared with the same period in 2019. he proportion, ‘of buyers with London postcodes registering ‘with estate agencies outside ofthe capital a: most doubled in April. According to a May survey by estate agents, four in 10 buyers ‘would now find a village location more ap pealing than before, with 71 per cent of ‘younger buyers craving more outdoor space. But hisisntjust about house buying. Even for people who own homes in cities, like toachive o accompli /earaer progress protesonal sueces.carerdelopmert/taeashinon tocpitaze Gr/tomoveout oleae retirement poof anes lfewhen onestops working because! age ary st ital / Jobseeker person coleg fo wok! fortnight peindct Sas weeks” buyerhor,peson aha wants tobuyropety/toregstertocnol tos@rup/ state agency property ager accordingtoas Stated reported. / survey stud cation place appealing tact Strongly outdoor ute. toowntopesses, tobe the proprietor of/home property? tng /tocravetncesre 18+ VOCABLE 0:8 a2 ottre 2000 WN in Brighton a seaside city on the South Coast of the UK: Brightonis 33-year-old Julia Nicholls from Canary Wharf, the pandemic has given her a change in mindset. ‘As akid I always dreamed of mov: ing out of my small town. I fell in love with London aged seven, on school trips, and Istill loveit” But lockdown has made her reassess her priorities, and she now wants to move to Brighton. “Lots of my friends are having similar thoughts to me. Especially those in their thirties. They're seeing how much it costs to live here and reassessing whether it’s still worth it” For Nicholls being able to work remotely makes this dream a possibility - several big UK:based employers have already publicly announced they are changing office setups. Of course for many frontline or low wage workers, the option to work inacity 100 miles away from their employer isnot on the table. But for those for whom itis ~ could itchange ‘mindset way of thinking. atte tip st ‘toreacsess tore eisiste toreconde/thought ‘ea /Inone'sthiresbetween ne age 301039/t0 Dbeworthitobeprttabie/bendiaal enough UK-based located in theLK setup orsanisation, arargement ronttne\n the et ne ofanattack/ wagesalay / tmite= 1609 (ere acund 60k) /awayata stanceot./tobe onthe table tobea ssi tobe anoption/ Teputed forte relaxedatmosphiere0) everything? Champion says: “There have been suggestions that new technology could free up people to live further from their ‘workplaces. This could indeed fuel a spike in suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation: However, this mass movement will be made much harder for many if there is a recession, which ‘already widely forecast to be as bad, if not worse, than after the 2008, financial crash, “If thereis a severe recession coming along, it looks like it is affecting cit ies more than elsewhere so residents may be trapped by house price dips there," he says. ‘Whether the post-Covid migration ends up being another urban pipe dream, or just the continuation of an age-old cycle (young, people move in, older people move out), we have collectively witnessed the shortcomings of cites in atime of crisis. And with greater accessibility to remote working, a door has been opened, showing us the Future doesn't hhave to look the same as the past. tofreeupto berate /frther at agreaterdstance/ Workplace slacewrereanewors/indeadcertary/t0 fuelto pci. however onthe ctherhand/ widely ena. many people to forecast, cast,cast ora / worse ‘ven eveserous /erash aden colanseoffnancal fakes economic dawrten to come came, cme ‘along chance /dipredction pine dream uncackoam fantasy /age-old ery to witnesstosee,tocbeerve/ shortcoming alin faut ‘lace A2-B1/ 44 moyen B2-CY/ 4 ile -E2Ala une | Société | * 42-81 1 o”% OYE CUE AC eT Ue Uta Ne eeu us eee a Oo cok a Ulime ss asim Pee IS THE OFFICE FINISHED? The debate over working at home versus at the office after the pandemic ‘Working from home used to bea rarity. Since the lockdown, however, ithas become common practice for many. Ifsome people enjoy the benefits of not commuting to work, others are missing their colleagues and the social life of office work. round the world workers, bosses, lords and governments are trying to work out if the office is obsolete—and are coming to radically different conclasions.Some 849 of French office workers are back at their desks, but les than 40% of British ones are 2. Jack Dorsey, the head of Twitter, says the company/sstaff can work from home “forever” bbut Reed Hastings, the founder of Netflix says hhome-working sa pure negative" ‘THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY 3. The pandemic has revealed just how many offices were being run as relics of the 2oth century. Two hundred years ago steam power, brought workers to factories. As corporate g ants emergedin thelate oth century, staff were needed to administer them. All this required ‘workers to be close together and created the pattern of people commuting by car or trainin order to meet in a central office 4 This system always had glaring shortcom- ings, some of which have become worse over time. Most people hate the hassleand expense of commuting, which eats up over four hours week forthe average American worker. Some ‘landlord rer ones proprio to workouts deter deskwork table 2 tad chet director stat employees prsinne/ founders toro ran,unto manage ope /steam wats apo / power tobring, brought brought hrs toest In/factoryolaew nee goodsaremansacsed/oodued/ ‘corporate alla ee, ieee Rarequre {ome econo’ pattem ten he shenemenan/ ‘ocommutetotaele=y fomorepenttoanste: Feebetwoen hone ana wor/imodertota (2te 2360 “angus agar shortcoming. aig hassle touts pci ieutes/averageypeat nama dislike the noiseand formal- ity of offices, or suffer from discrimination within them. Office-bound workers find it harder to look after their children, a growing ‘issue as more families have ‘wo working parents. “OPTIONAL OFFICE" 5. Yourmight think hat new technologies would have shaken up this unsatisfac tory status quo. Yet inertia has allowed the office to escape serious disruption. Before covid:g struck, for example, flexible-office companies hada tiny global market share of under 5% 6. Covidag has upended al this. Before the pandemiconly 3% of Americans worked from home regulary; now a huge nu berhave tried it 7. How much of this change will stick when a vaccine arrives? The best available guides from countries where the virus is under contro. ‘There the picture is of an “optional office’, within /tobind, bound, bound i tach ho, ‘fce-bound wakersemnjes wn arecblged io spend ther woxngdayinanosieconthe corpse) sve problem acu 5.toshake, shook, shakenup orev reoarise he, change’ toalow sie. perm /alruption'g args at (uses asorder/to ste struck, stockto htt Sudden tiny ysl. muscle global wardwie/ share ronrton pceniage part 6 toupendochangetraatialy/ageerarous. ‘ost stick, stcktorenan sty /avaable acest eT which people attend, but less frequently. In Germany, for example, 74% of office workers, now go to their place of work, but only half of them are there five days a week. 6. For governments the temptation is to turn the clock back to limit the economic damage, from the collapse of city-centre cafés to the si6bn budget shortfall that New York's subway system faces Britain's governmenthas tried to cajole workers back to the office. But rather than resist technological change, iis farbetter toanticipaeits consequences. © toattendiogoto © totumthe dockbackiogobackintne/ damage {low rarm destncton ere regate pact /toealapse ‘ofa tocasirancaly bn = ilan nether ln) /shortal deft subway ibe urdergourtra, rmeto/tweajletopasiace VOCABLE Dui 18 ccsbreamz0# ©/ la une | Société | + B2-C1 ee ST ood Sh cecal ees cae tee a eres Eres etc ed EE COVID-19 SEEMS TO HAVE CHANGED LIFESTYLES FOR GOOD Has the coronavirus and lockdown transformed our way of living forever? ‘As wespend more time at home, in the kitchen, reading more, watching series and avoiding crowds, we have adopted somenew habits inresponse to the pandemic. The Economist has analysed the frequency of some Google searches inan effort to understand our changing lifestyles and predict their durability. ‘ow that countries have eased restric: tions, residents are venturing outside ‘again—but not as much as before. Globally, they ‘made perhaps 25% fever tripsper day in uly than they didinearly March, according to The Econo- mists analysis of Google's phonetracking data. 2. Consumer caution has hit some industries harder than others. By training a statistical ‘modelon Google's global search data since 2016, ‘we find that trafic for restaurant” iscurrently r7slowerthan wewould usually expec forthis time of year. 3. Booze stores may be doing Sa xp better, since searches for “hangover’ have rebounded! to anormallevelforraucous july after dwindling by 40% in March, 4. Butenquites for “tickets are stil down by 58%. This news- paper has called the esult of such an uneven recovery “the ‘ox economy’ ‘-toease oalevate edu, hee fg) tlt (estictions)/toventure to dae 95 globally on an Inteatenalscale/ according too statedreporey / ‘racking sellance,analyss/ data statis. 2. consumer customer bye. use /eautlon prudence totrainto opty onto fcuson/euently present, at ‘hemoment taxpecttoanticnate 2. boa (fa) cho /store shop /Rangover shal Codon duet exessveconsunptonot atcha eboundtocomeback return raucous. sre ‘eodmindl to cmt here ede anda “enquiry research here. demand tke, travel focument/uneveneteplar ncorsstet/recovery (economic) improvement YO VOCABLEDLIS 280x220 5. Bven as people are less com- BREED fortabic going out and about, Googe data show that they are persisting with home ac tivities they pled up months ago. Take baking, for example. “Yeast” quickly became a fad. with searches ising by 280% in April~and by 300% in pece isha Global nteresthaslatened since, but is sill gs above normal 6, Other gastronomic words ever, has been even greater. Kneading and proofing isnot for everybody. 1. Though people ae feasting at home, fitness has also become a priority during quarantine, Searches for “dumbbell” and “Strava,a workoutapp, remain more than 60% above the usual level, despite gyms reopening. The continued interest in “electric bicycles" and ‘standing 5-comfortale at 2st okabout/outandaboutihis andout ewe ost thehome)/topkckupiober, ‘Stat teak tocoakthe crn (ales eae) /yeast ‘ypeoffingsusenmahingtread bet and wre fad ‘uration, end tose ase sento cease gow ‘peekishsigyrungy to fatenhor nsahi/stil ‘onarvestobe rane /abovananettan ‘6 pattemfabi bear vend /ncrease is /takeout ‘alana cay o/tokneadtoranguate wokwith ine ands beadardoata et) taproot tz alawead tostandre tonsa here ofl wthar unt dob). 1. thoughaltag/tofeastioatalaerealvthaeat sles /dumbbel pect exe weg workout biysaleetse/toremalntncrnruetobe standing ‘Seskheh orabetorealnuntehtatherranst/ desks” shows that workers are making their ‘wansport and home offices healthier too. 6, Likewise, arts and crafts adopted in April have made a Tasting mark. Aspiring Picas- sos have kept searches for “painting by numbers” at more than double theirnormal rate. ©. "Hair clippers" remain fashionable among amateur barbers, as does “tiedye" with people ‘willing to spater their clothes (particularly Germans. 10. As with cooking, however, there are plenty of slouches ‘who lac inspiration for such artistry. Netfixcanthankthem. forarateofsearchesthat was23% higher than usual in late July. The Google trends formany ofthese home entertainments suggest that their new popularity may outlast the pan- demic. If s, the world could end up poorer in earmings—but richer in experiences. © Iealthy gon one'sheah oronesphysal wale, 8. Uhewisinasinar oy artsandeatts esate dese archonderfatkarat made Fare) /tomake,made, madealastingmarkc (otieom) Dlenealsing, Freresion oles wihafeirgerere efectirat cantruestraiongtie aspling arb /rateteasency. .elipperhre paced det cutrgstavrahar/ ‘achlonable nice en) /tedye ior Spgs pattems onapeeot dothor othr created pas Sfitosadithomthede tbe wilingtotobepeoxedto ‘ospatternspasvttonalqud panoragaeststhto ‘eateahaphazadpaten 10. slouhazypeon/tlackrottohne/lateatreendot end ger tenieny cure rece’ entertalament {omofamusementeceaton he cstactontourtast tocontrueate. testing than. /eamings nce ‘lacie A2-B1/ 44 moyen B-CY/ 4 ile EDQi retowvezpiuscrintossur wwmevocable.fr British compar min of en his pumpkin, grown in southern kilos (the weight of a ) tres of water per day (6 full baths) and gro hour! Its proud owners are twin brothers (pictured is one of t s) who spend up to six hours daily i apkin patch pt to break their own records. The story doesn't say, howe turning their giant pumpkins into jack o' lanter umetin . . towelen " soar! proud apace patchInsolite Peron neni cece to Serre ay Pema! ei = earsons | **B2-Cl EEE ew cr10x11) THE GHOSTS OF NEW YORK ‘One of the highlights of Autumnis Halloween, offering an opportunity to reflect upon our favourite horror stories and films. Ifyou like giving yourself a fright, here are five urban mysteries from New York whose main characters are ghosts. Boo! ‘ew York state andthe city that bears name are steeped in centuries! ‘worth of supernatural lore. In anticipation of Halloween, here are afew local ghost stories you may not already know about. For nearlya century, membersof the Tredwell family occupied the house at29 East Fourth St, near Washington Square Park. If you believe the reports, at east one of them still does. The ghost of Gertrude Tredwell is said to have roamed the house since she died therein 1933, (One of the first sightings came just weeks after her death, according to Anthony Bello, which occupies the house and preserves tas ‘tobear, bore bore to cary /tosteeptoimmere centures-worthor..ere chs hatecsol ea 3 tore report account. desaptonof what sbhas scene / ‘toroamtowalk und, slghting actor th acordingt state VOCABLE D578 .cote 2 testamentto the Tredwells.Ttwas hot, people were on the stoops, people were on the fire escapes, Belov said “Suddenly, the front door of the house flew open and an elderly woman, ina long brown dress rushed out ontothe stoop to chase the children away. Scores of people saw this and, immediately, everyone recog nized her as Gertrude’ ‘The museum opened to the publiconly three after Gertrude died. One of ts early care takers, a woman named Florence Helm, later described having several mysterious experi ences there, Once, she told The New York Times i953, she watched a silk tassel twist and tum. asif someone were playfully twirling it. Other she heard aconsistent tapping onthe wall tofabulig elderly stoop prt /freescapeemesgency tofy, flew, lownopen suds ‘orushout orunovt / scores of ‘caretaker person ercoyed to look aterabulin/ si tnesmnth stn ac tassel dewatveparipam €f cord onctalnclathes cusonsete./totwietotun ‘twit tun au Twas not unlike telegraphic code, which I cannotread she sid. The couple that took over her duties reported hearing the knocking, too. Visitors have reported seeing Gertrude as she red at various stages of herlife, from her late teens on, Mostsay she was wearing along, brown taffeta gown, though that description ‘matches none of the 4o gowns in the museums collection {A few weeks before Christmas in 1878, Ed ward E. Smith was at his home at 136 Clinton Ave,, in Brooklyn, when the doorbell rang. ‘Smith opened the door, bt found no ane out side, The ringing continued throughout the unl erento to take, took, taken over replace / duty responsibly ob/ stage phase/late ‘mens yerso clescence/ gown eal match o oresoendt. ‘tohaunt toad as gost doorbell el wich ait at the ran ooo a allot). slack A2-B1/ 4 moyen B2-C1/ He sila C-E2BASIC AND ADVANCED RECORDINGS Ghosts in New York, in old houses, in scary stories for night and was eventually joined by a violent banging atthe back door, but still, Smith could not identify a source. 2-The commotion became anightly occurrence. At first, Smith enlisted the help of his family Buteven with people stationed throughout the house and in the yard, they couldn't pinpoint thecause. He sprinkled ash and floaralong the path to the door, expecting to find footprints left behind, but the substances were undis turbed and the noises continued. 8. Eventually, Smith persuaded authorities to look into the matter. A police captain and de- tective visited the house one night, but they were “utterly unable to fathom’ what was going on, according to The Times. So they returned the next night, with reinforcements That second night, a brick flew through the dining room window. Itcould only have been thrown froma path near the house, but offic: ersstationed outside swore they had seen no one near it ‘eventually inal, ntheen/banging act of eptthely hittngsth commotion noisy disturbance /tenisttockain.to \se/ yard garden topinpoint to define prety / to Sprinketodsorseapowe/ash powder that remains Sheth tent lor ine ste cr brow powder mae from grain. use ncooingand forakig ead andales / path w3}/toexpect i aticpate/ footprint ark teftonthe ground byashoe/iot/ undisturbed tact. S. matter subject case/ detective lie nspectr/ utterly corietl/tofathomtoundestand/to throw, threw, thrown ‘rope thoupntheat/t swear, swore, sworn to solemmtypromse. 9. The house was thoroughly searched for hidden wires or anything else that might solve the mystery, but police found nothing. Smith himself was skeptical at first that supernatural activity was taking place, but after weeks of torment he could think of no other explanation, © THE HEADLESS GHOST OF OLD FORT NIAGARA 10. It was 1759. Two French officers, Jean Claude de Rochefort and Henri Le Clerc, stationed at Fort Niagara and had both fallen for a Native American woman. Dur ing a siege, they decided to settle the mat ter once and forall 1, The two fighting soldiers caught the attention of those around them, their swords making “bright arcs of light" as they fought in a central courtyard. In the end, de Rochefort won and Le Clerc lost his head. As the story goes, his body fell into a nearby well. Le Clerc’s ghost, itis said, can be seen from time to time emerging. from the well in search of its head. OTHE 27TH STREET GOBLIN 12 In the early 1860s, New York City went “wild with interest" in what had become known as the “27th Street Goblin.” The ghost had long been the subject of vague Tumors, but two women appeared to con: firm its existence after moving into a home on the street and awaking the next morn- ing to find their furniture rearranged, even though the windows and doors were locked from the inside. 9. thoroughly compet tally /to search toirspect/ hiddencorcetss/ wirecobs/tozolveto‘ind 2 solution o/totake, took, takenplace oan. to cc explanation rasa ansne 10. headless witnut ahead decaptated/bothea them tofall fll fllenfortofallovewith/t0 settletaresove ‘i.tocatch,caught,caughtoattrect/sword weapon witha ora thn blade, very oa inie/ bright lino vii fight, fought, fought todobattetotakepart, Inacombat courtyard open area of ground surunded by ulngs/ nearby close / well deep olen the oundtoobtan wate, "to goyment, gone wild og any tabeccmevery ected (to gowldwithinteest iobecomeercitady Intaestegi/tomovelnteto come tole toawake Towakoup furniture (in) objectsinahouse(eg Chars, tables ee) taleekoclse with ake. Halloween...Listen to our (spooky) recording about the Halloween Season! CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement) | SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE Notez l'utilisation du eeleoee ‘The ghost is said tohaveroamed the house. ($2) LeClerc's ghost, itis said, canbe ‘seen from time to time. (611) ‘On peut également dire (en utilisant la formeactive) : Legend has It that itroamed the house / that itcan be seen fromtime totime. 13, But, as The Times would later uncover, there never was a ghost: The whole craze was caused by alazy police officer. Patrols of officers usually patrolled near the house at night, but eventually grew weary. But one night, they discovered an unlocked sidewalk hatch that led to an empty house. Before long, they began using it as an es cape from the cold. 16. The officers did not know that the fam- ily had moved in. One of the officers sneaked through the hatch and into the house only to discover the furniture. With: ut stopping to wonder why it was there, he decided to move several pieces near the fireplace and use them as couches to sleep on. But, just as he finished, the officer heard a noise and realized that the house had new occupants. Fearful of being caught sleeping on the job, he quickly crept out and kept his mouth shut, leaving the two women there to discover the furniture the following morning. @ 13,touncover‘oreval/ whole nt /erazefuore/ weary ied /sidewalk = pavement (68) srfaceat the Side of aroaduherepeopiewalk/hatchopenrg sal, oor tleaded ted to ope ou on betoretong vy) uch ‘to sneaktosecrtly enter to wonderoaskoneslh ‘ficeplace cpentaseofachimrayina cam foraite/ ‘oven os /fearl of ad scared /onthejeb ie working/tocteepycrept, crept toe eave /to shut, shut, shutokeep ait tosay nothing VOCABLED. 528i 20208 18Enjeux | Climat | | 6% B2-C1 KENDRA PIERRE-LOUIS AND JOHN SCHWARTZ HAVE SO MANY WILDFIRES? Whatare thereasons for California's catastrophic fires? (wildfire forest fire) Wildfires are anintegral partof the ecosystemof the American west. They, likeother naturaloccurrences, are seasonal. But from 2010 onwards, thenumber of acres that burned each yearrose considerably. What are the causes of this increase and why are tthe fires of 2020 considered sodestructive? Fires in western United States ies have spread all across the West oR 2 Coast during California’ fire season. o- asinnctos High temperatures and strong winds have made the situation even worse. What is it about California that makes wildfires so + atastrophi? There are four key ingredients. ~~ > THE (CHANGING) CLIMATE =r: SN 2."Fire, in some ways, isa very simple ee 3 1g" said Park Williams, a bioclimatolo- =a cs gist at Columbia University's Lamont-Do- al herty Earth Observatory. “As long as stuff SY is dry enough and there's a spark, then that Bey stuff will bur ceyeee 3. But while California's climate has always 5 been fire-prone, the link between climate change and bigger fires is inextricable. “Behind the scenes of allo this, you've got temperatures that are about 2to 3 degrees Fahrenheit warmer now than they would've been without global warming,” Williams, said. That dries out vegetation even more, ‘making it more likely to burn, 4, California's fire record dates back to 1932; the 1o largest fires since then have occurred |. tospread,spread,spreadi extend topropagate/ keyman essential 2. stufthings, hee vegetation /sparksmal ash which startsatre 3. whilealthagh evenit/ prone suscepti witha ‘endon) tik connecfon global warming Incease ntheEartn temperature /Ukely probable. 4 largebig/tooccurtohappen. Woe VOCABLED Sav 280csive220 since 2000, including the 2018 Mendocino Complex Fire, the largest in state history, and this year's LNU Lightning Complex, which is burning west of Sacramento, 5. “In pretty much every single way, a perfect recipe for fire is just kind of written in California,” Williams said. “But then climate change, in a few different ways, seems to also load the dice toward more fire in the future” PEOPLE 6. Even if the conditions are right for a “wildfire, ou still need something or some- ‘one to ignite it. Sometimes the trigger is nature, like a lightning strike, but more often than not humans are responsible. 7. “Many of these large fires that you're seeing in Southern California and im- pacting the areas where people are living are human-caused,” said Nina Oakley, an assistant research professor at the 5. pretty much lost actly /wayaspect/recipe ha formula kindof oro! tolaad the dice t2 unfit make one rest moreprobabie than anche Nee, toaddtorincease the probobiy of sthhappein, 6.tolgnitetoliht/triggerfactorwhichstartssth/ Ughtnng strkenatralaschageot electicty the sty. 7. area place. 2oe/ esearch cent study ofa subject todscoverrewtecs! ‘ace AZ moyen B2-C1/ HA dle@ inatiorezvotr prononcation en écoutant tous esartcessurlesupplément audiodelecture InPhoenix, Oregon entreneighborhoods (SP) Desert Research Institute. Many deadly fires have also been started by downed power lines. . “California has a lot of people and a really long dry season," Williams said. “People are always creating possible sparks.” There's another way people have contributed to wildfires: in their choices of where to live. People are increasingly moving into areas near forests, known as. the urban-wildland interface, that are inclined to burn, 9. “For the last century we fought fire, and we did pretty well at it across all of the Western United States,” Williams said. “And every time we fought a fire successfully, that means thata bunch of stuff that would have burned didn't burn, And so over the last hundred years we've had an accumulation of plants in alot of areas." ‘todowniofall/powerlin ect cable creasingly rendre / wildland wrcutvated/ trinmabteland/ Inclined sects ‘ofight, ought, fought obatticazarst pretty auite/abunchoF aioad, 3. Each fall, strong gusts known as the Santa Ana winds bring dry air into South: em California. A second fire season that runs from October through April is driven by the Santa Ana winds. Those fires tend to spread three times faster and burn clos- er to urban areas, and they were responsi: ble for 80% of the economic losses over two decades beginning in 1990. Ultimately, determining the links be- tween any individual fire and climate change takes time. But the tendency of climate change to make dry places drier over time is a warning to the West of a fiery future > gust scent wind /torunran run through ‘olas fom. unt todtive, drove, driven stimulate / decade peracof ten years ultimately eset fundamental wamlng ale. ‘autor adareeinformation ofa potentaldarger/ ery burnng.infames. Juhea Kim, a journalist for The independent talks about his dallylifein Portland, Oregon, while thefires are devastating the West Coast - and leaving the city coveredinashandsmokes: 1. "My family and | were just returning from a Labor Day camping tripin beautiful Newport, Oregon, when we fist raticed the eerie amber atmosphere. The smoke was so thick that | could tare dectl at the blood-red sun shining high inthe sky. When came home to Portland, the floor of my condo was covered ina sinister layer of ash, 2. My windows have now been completely sealed fr six days and counting. Outside, Portland iscurrently the city with the most polluted airin the world, with an ar quality index (AQ) of eye-popping 518 as| write ths. By comparison, the most polluted city of 2019, Ghaziabadin India, scored an average daly AQ of 10.2. don't know wien it wl be safe toopen my windows again. and my oxygens already depleted. Although |havestopped all unnecessary physical exertion, | fel ke breathing through a straw. But my strugle is nothing comparedto that of over 40,000 Oregonians who have fled theirhomes, last ther properties, and in some cases lost their lives, One of them was thirteen-year-old Wyatt Tofte of Lyons, Gregon, who went back to save his 71-year-old grandmother who'dbeen left behind, The Oregon Coast's normally rain-soaked evergreen forests began burning ust hoursafter Weleft the beach on Labor Day A dlabalical red ligt has since saturated Newport, Lincoln City, and Depoe Bay, where ust two months ago Iwas overjoyed to spot a couple of resident gray whales spouting above azure waves. From bald eagles and black bears along the coast toelks, coyotes and cougars in Mount Hood and gray wolvesin the high desert, Oregon's animal residents have lst theirhomes and ae fleeing the fires lke theirhuman counterparts” ‘sea tococehermataly/ ah pvc thatrerins aftesthis bur Labor Day (US) = Labour Day (68) pubic holiday Reon seterber ist the US ard Canada celebrate workers tote tosee,tocbseve/ fete age tek dense /tostare loo eda / blood-red dated onde apartnent/layersttun, andcounting anit has fered / eumanty a preset. athe moment /eye-popping hocking /toseore toregster/ average hee tpxal normal safe ser, whut todeplatetoredscetoaverylow amount / ‘exertions tobrestheroinhas/tale straw arg uetoniek gue ofacontarer struggle Comat bate /toflee fed fled escape, leave raln-soaked ote ian evergreen forest ros ith evergreen ees (02 whfolge aye / ‘overjoyed veryhaooy/tospet to se whalelasesearamrral cetacean’ tospouttosondoutabustot water/ wavernoveret of the ocean /baldeageargebrdofprey witha wtehead(thesybotfthe US) / ‘etc large des wolf is predatory canine counterpart qe. VOCABLED. 5 28cttee2020 8 18SST TS actualité internationale a . entrainement nglais lire en VO. en classe cultures étrangéres Découvrez nos offres d’abonnement pour vos éléves www.vocable.fr/enseignants 0144 37 97 97° - sag@vocable.frEDITIONS Enpartenariatavec []GpHpys, www.vocable.fr °RAT CABLE Vocabulaire expressions et astuces pour parler comme un anglais... La planéte Terre Cette page est extraite de Youvrage Petit Vocabulaire actuel anglais de Claude Gosset des Editions Ophrys. 5% de remise pour tout achat sur www.ophrys.fravec le code promo: VOCPRAAIO20 (este ‘the universe univers alanduneterre (outer) spacettespace ale sut la aagalaxy une galanie Nord/Sud conmentaresya theMilky Way a Voielactée _theAretic\Arctic eee the solar system|e systéme ‘the Tropic of Cancer/ Caueer solaire Capricom le tropique du Seedchayprnent MES Cancer/duCapticame astarunestoile feteaiefiocer Retrowezcetterche © Gevocabularetesut ‘the North/South Pole le pole leCDlectureet son shooting star une étoil flan SES thaNorther/Southern planet une planite Hemisphere némisphtre sateltn satelite anistandunetle fans acomet necométe a peninsula une péninsule Eetelis: eateephore themainlandlecontinent,la ‘stretch siétendre ‘Set'se coucher (astre) thestratospherela orev Stratosphere 7 secre ‘surround entourer revolve tourner (terre) theatmospheretatmosphie htesertundése ‘overhang surplomber shinebriler eee flow couler erupt entrer en éruption thebiosphere\a biosphere ebushlabrovss geology la géologie Jungle la jungle ‘cross traverser flow couler ology la gélage aswampunmaréage divide separ wind sepenter = ahilunecaline rseselever(astre) trometer amountain une montagne eplom thesummit the top le Tee gold for sommet PPS ALA eu tCd ‘iver argent ‘peak un sommet, un pic copperlecuive the everlasting snows es -Theseaisrough. Lameresthouese fat ros oillperole relgsterel temps ‘coal le charbon avoleano.un volcan +The tide is coming in. La marée est montante. ‘stone lapierre aglacier un glacier + The tide is going out. La marée est descendante. marbelemartre avalleyunevalée -TheMissssppriver springs upat Lak taska, Le ganiteleganite acavevnegrotte Misssipp pred sa source au Lac Rasta, lay argile paerrtakrarlW + The Nile Riveris 6,700 kilometres long. Le Nil fait theearthiatere remblement deter 6 700kmde longue continent un continent thentchterseale texhetlede = TheRocky Mountains stretch from British Columbia toNew ‘the continental drift la dérive er sralelechelle ‘Mexico. Les montagnes Rocheuses sétendent de la Colombie- des continents. Richter Britannique au Nouveau-Mexique. +The Earth orbits around the sun in 366.26 days. La Les adjectif ‘Terre tourne autour du soleil en 366,26 jours. -Thesurfaceof theEarthisabout197 milion square universal universel western occidental easter oriental ‘miles/510 million square kilometres. La superficie dela Terre est denviron 510 milions deklometrescarés. VOCABLED. au 28octte 2120 77PRATICABLE / Grammaire Passé simple ou passé composé ? (Forme active et passive) Sears eo Corrigez ce texte en faisant attention au temps des verbes (forme active et forme passive). For centuries, cites are plagued by periodic crises. The Great Plague of 1665 has killed 70,000 Londoners, and those whocan afford to leaveare fleeing the city. King Charles Il and his courtiers haveleft for Hampton Court Parlamentis moved to Oxford ll trade between London andother plague townsisstopped. Even inmodem times, parts of society always planningan escape for when city life wil become perious: both 9/11 and the July 2005 London bombings were seen a spike in interest in rural properties. But these shifts have always being, largely, temporary. Uuseqsfemeareynostenyeosm mes sauce power stenjeoney/pacdans ‘SEM /PMOUSEN YB /P/ED /DaIH/PHNEE} UIE aNEU:SNOULMOS We have always lived jn London, e Méme consignes que pour exercice 1. ‘The ongoing pandemic revealed usthow many offices are running pre-pandemicas relics ofthe 20th century. Two. hundred years ago steam power has brought workers to factories. corporate giants are emergingin the late 19th century staff ned to administer them. All thisisrequiing ‘workers tobe close together and creates the pattem of people commuting by car or trainin order to meet ina central office. Ths system always has glaring shortcomings, some of which becomes worse over time. _auooaq aney/peyparean pada /papenue1m /peBiow / 3804 / unsByaGo. / EEDA! SeU:SNOUMOS surwww.vocable.fr pire ened aS Sapnrenampaecarakoe Sebuecvececkeptantt Retrouvez Vves Cotten suret-compagnie.blogspot.fr \ 1B VOCABLEDLI5 012802020/ Prononciation & Orthographe @ revowverpuscintossurwwmvocable.fr Soignez votre orthographe 38 Complétez les lettres manquantes pour constituer des mots correspondant aux définitions. (@advie > what a counsellor gives (badvies = > what a counsellordoes. (0 _ffect > ‘tohave or to create an influence (d)_ffect > consequence, impact (4 > what we breathe (fo > successor (g)__sle > passage ina shop, a traina plane (hy_sle > land surrounded by sea ()all__ed > permitted (ald > with a raised voice (Walt > table usedin religious worship Walter > tomodify sane) eye) poe) pmo (=) (8) a4 () (0) 2946) 2848) se5nDE 2) aE (e):SNOUTIOS e Tendezoreille Faites tri! Placez les mots dans la grilleselon la prononciation des voyelles enrouge. born cajole hole country boat county loan power container cauliflower composed politics condition abolish lawn sound whole folklore ‘own for old fun how on snoge sed "wore Uo od puns unas mo / appa YeezUE KAUN" oY OM IED" / CPR WOH UME 1 pascduD>YeOg vO] UNE SHOUTIOS ‘VOCABLED Ya 28octobre 21208 19PRATICABLE / Vocabulaire Jeux de mots Qe Buildings inside and outside Démélez les lettres pour trouver les mots correspondant aux définitions. tsesedr henimyc deibarsod ifercaspee topos ginnidorom relpacief nurituref dayr gitinstorom napetelicem faos eteets aplaceto bun wood or coal toheat the house aframe surrounding (2) it goes from (a) to the roof to take smoke up into the air ‘steps outside a building to be usedin an emergency (2 words) aplace to eat (2 words) collective word for tables, chairs, cupboards etc. where you keep cups, plates etc. another word for (g) aplace to relax or to chat with guests (2 words) aplace where two or three people can sit another word for (i) ‘American word for garden ‘American word for veranda oy (u) pd) sans (1) 05 () woo Bas) 255) PONE) ‘yung woo Ryu (ders a (9) ar) aces) =e (©)'SNOUITIOS 8 Trouvez les mots correspondants aux définitions en Changeant une seul etreaiafolspourpasser la case ante : granular material deposited jassediment lafinesoft textile besitent when annoyed or disappointed take liquid into one's mouth) foldinneatly 2PEL9PAY POS NS MS UNZ Uno} wor Uns => aue>‘suor Bue -SNOLITIOS NaCl sion idiomatique Une expression prononcée par Boris Johnson lors de annonce de nouvelles restrictions en vue de mieux contréler le coronavirus et éviterle pire: astitch in time saves nine un point a temps en vaut cent surwww.vocable.fr Barware forhoparbectercaire Slolslesinove steers Ne manquez pas dans le prochain numéro la nouvelle page PRATIC’ABLE : Halloween / se déguiser 20 VOCABLEDY au 2Hocote 2020=Y Make sure you pick up your litter when visiting the Khao Yai National Park in Thailand or it will be sent back to you... by post! In order to raise awareness about plastic pollution, the government has decided to register the home adress of eve ry visitor entering the park. If they drop litter during their visit, it will immedi- ately be mailed back to them, along with a note: “You forgot these things” This initiative is an attempt to protect the park's wildlife - the snakes, bears and ele phants living there had to deal with the apparition of 23 tonnes of plastic in their natural habitat in 2016. Uterrtbeh a21/twplekuptocolect/ trate amaranest tom! pt gah ess /Mame hm iner’souncourtyNomalisthout army fo" lang within) wate on ‘Sake sper bear hoary canvas oneal thoy agayea snes node al eat eoewith here tobe alec Ref Stuateg on the island of Lesbos. Greece. the Moria refugee centers one of the langest Sin Europe. was recerity fs peocle te. Moria was reputed tobe one Gt the worst camps in Europe ~ with overcrowding and poor conditions - but relocation options offer even worse conditions fo food. electricity, wate or shelter Many fire. Alhough the number of immigrants. boats carrying men, women and chideen fing thew count fire condaryincint shelter refvae wost ‘mary people relocation vaste, moving isle ot. /todropiogs own, decease / peak @ recovers cinfossur www.vocable.fr @)Haur drive-ins if youate looking fr spooky, yet coronavirus salle Malioween experience this lapanese Nawiteddve-in maybe the ight choice Visors ae ited to parkina garage, where actors dressed up as blood-covered, Nest-eatig 20ies pve them the perience of what beng stuckin the cat during a zombie apocalypse would ee ike The return to realty at the endo the stow feluces the actors washing the vistors'cat ~ which has often been covered in fake biooc! spocky certs Most of the 54 nations composing the Comneanaeaith stl ecograse the Queen ‘mai headof state But the smal sland of Barbados, the Cartabean, has decided! ‘move on From November 2071 onwards a part ofthe Sth anniversary of the county's independence fom the UX, the Queen wil na longer represent the nation. “The tenehas come to fly leave cx colonial past behind” edared of the Comeranealth have also chosen to designate thet own head of State weregrere tameveon Darwnng ta hee onmundsse Src c years talon governor generat eugenedegreareabrct be QueenonEnjeux | Elections ** B2-C1 VIDEO BONUS How is the American election going? Compare ‘Trump's campaign to Biden's inthis video. wwem.vocable fr/videos-anglals YOUNGER AMERICANS THEIR VOTING WEIGHT Young people are conscious of their power in the upcoming American elections Isthe2020 American electiona battle between generations? For the first time, millennials, (born between 1980 and 2000) and Generation Z (bom after 2000) ‘makeup more than half the population of voter age aduttsin the United States. ‘This could result in amore liberal outcome of the popular vote. protesters against racial injustice have mostly been in their 208. The average age of demonstrators arrested since mid-June in Portland, Oregon (one of the centres of activity) was 28, The young have not suffered as much as others from covida9 itself but, ‘were hardest hit by the consequences of the virus. More than half of those between 18, and 29 lost ajob or took significant pay cut imApril,orlive ina household where that has happened. About two-fifths of those aged 50 to 64 have experienced the same thing. Young people are the most likely to work in jobs vulnerable to closure, such as waitress ing or retail 2.And 2020 will be a year of the young in ‘one more important respect. Electorally, it will be the last stand of the baby-boomers (born between 1946 and 1964) and the first 1. protesteracivst person whocampalgsforeragainst sthInone's20s be 20 years ci average he ya, hore demonstrator avs. pesson wha caelpstor raganststh/mid-inthemcol2o/ taht ito Skea toafetnegatelympact/ totale, took, ‘akan ost, egerence/sgnlieant Considerable oer tant /pay eats reduction / household domestic arly /tohappentotake lace ‘occur toexperence tote uhecto encounter /tobe Ukelytotobesuscentbeot vulnerable to sect. 0 args elogure shutting down, cos. tere barkuptcy ‘suehasie(frecarole/ walressingserirsina resiavant erate) /retal lang tote) business oF ‘ing goed tothe general pie 2.respect aspect, regard /standactvepartcaton, ier. pestonof power? 222 VOCABLEDs15a28ctobre 2120 poll in which voting will be dominated by ‘generations younger than 4o, especially mil- lennials, defined here as those born between 1981 and 1996. "OK, BOOMER" 3. As Bill Frey, a demographer atthe Brook ings Institution, a think-tank, puts it: "Amer icais moving from largely white, baby-boom- erdominated politics and culture to a more racially diverse country fuelled by younger generations: millennials, Gen zersand their juniors.” 4, Boomers have dominated American pol ties since the 19905, when they became the largest living generation and started to cast the largest mumber of votes. Since Bill Clin tom's election in 1992, six ofthe eight pres dents and vice presidents have been boomers (Joe Biden, the Democratic candidate, is one ofthe exceptions, being too old). Soare most of Congress. Since 1998, the median age of pol lection, yote/especaly artcly/milennia {everaton born between BBD and te yea 2000. 3. thinketanksuy grup of experts /to put, put put to formulate 05a) /tomove rom..totochange om. to largely esse, tobe uelledby tobe {heto.aresutot/Genz-ergenerationtemwnenterh wasaeaoyapartofevenca fe 4. tocast cast,casta voteiovote/soare..aswll ar congressional representatives has put them in the boomer class. 5. But boomers lost their status asthe largest generation in 2019, when millennials over: took them in absolute numbers. More than halfof Americans were millennials or young- er(meaning members of the generations that came afterwards called Gen 2, born between 1997 and 2012, and post-Gen z, born after 2013) The three younger groups made up 51% of the population compared with only 41% at the beginning of the decade. 6. “Millennials and Gen z will comprise a- most 40% of the electorate in 2020,” says Carolyn DeWit, head of Rock the Vote, an clectoral-mobilisation group, “giving them enormous power” 7 Younger generations differ from their elders in attitudes, ethnicity and education According toPew, millennials and Gen zers are the most likely to say governments should do more to solve problems, that ‘oput,put,puthers toclassy lass categny. ecu ‘5. to overtake overtook, overtakentosuass/to ‘make, made,made ptocortfute compared with 5 onposet0 decade erodof en yeas 6.tocomprise to constitute torepesent/almost ea mead ede “Telderstroseofapreviowsgeneation attitude cptions wayofasnraaching tings / according to as Slatedby. /tasolvetotndaslitontoy ‘locke A2-B1/ 44 moyen B2-CY/ 4 cle -e2(@ Faéchargextappi Vocab otferteanos abomnés! www.vocable.fr/applimobile Young peoplereitrng ovat top et). watching a eevised debate during the xmas (0p right) and Eero eg alc ive: Mate paes (bottomght) Garg the 2020 present ace same-sex marriage is good for society, that climate change is caused by human activ ity and that blacks are treated less fairly than whites They are also more likely to be from mi- norities themselves. As a simple rule, the younger you are, the more likely you are to be black, Hispanic or Asian, Mr Frey caleu: lates that almost three-quarters of 60-some things are white. Half of those under 20 are not. The impact of young minorities is es pecially great in sunbelt states. In Texas, 44% of eligible voters are Hispanic or black. But among voters under 40, the minority share is over half, These are places that Democrats have a shot at winning for the first time in a generation. Millennials and Gen zers are better edu cated than their parents and grandparents (though not necessarily wiser)-For boomers, roughly 25% had a college degree or higher. same-sexhornosevul tobe causedby tobe are of due to Fits. octal 9. as arule asa general tend Sunbeltstatesinthe scutnandsouthwest/ ota eecox/amonatst ere, wih’ share prportonoecentage part/ over more than here nevcessol/placeares here state/tohave, had, hadashotat ohvea chanced! though however thous / wise ful wistom/ roughly poroxmatey ron college degree merstyapiora/ For millennials, the share was 39%. Educa tion and race are among the most reliable predictors of party affiliation. African Americans vote for Democrats by ten to one or more; Hispanics and Asians by about two to one; 53% of college graduates identify with Democrats, only 40% with Republicans. But will they turn out? This year, admits the top of the ticket won't be aa motivator.” Voters under 30 have always voted less than older ones anyway, often by large margins, though this may owe as ‘much to political parties as to voters them- selves, In 2016 two-thirds of young voters said they had not been contacted by any party before the election, probably because parties concentrate their get-out-the-vote efforts on those who have voted before (making low turnout among the young a self-fulfilling prophecy). “Young people are tobeamong(st) tobe oneo, an example of reliable Consistent /prectrinicatsr/ about apport), around /eollege graduate young oerson ho hast eft Unversity wihacesree to ldenttywithhere tote for totumout hare o goto paling statonsandvote/ ticket ioe het alist (US) topo thetieket Dresdental candidate /anywayinancas/ by large margins he toasatcat dese toawetotobe beta because of /get-out-thewotetormabltng Votes self-futling prophecy ones wren wha comes tue/ issue-based voters,” says Wisdom Cole of the naacp. "We're not going to turn them ‘out by just saying, ‘Go Vote! Go Vote! Anecdotally, say election organisers, Gen z activists are more engaged in the 2020, campaign than older voters. Rock the Vote’ online voterregistration platform has pro: essed 900,000 registrations so far this Year, compared with 500,000 atthe same stage in 2o16. It seems likely, thinks Ms DeWitt, that anger about the death of George Floyd and. others will be a wake-up for the young. Dis- {gustat Mr‘Trump may transcend generations. Democrats are understandably cautious about Joe Biden's opinion-pol lead. As 2016 showed, Jeads can shrink and the electoral collegecanlet a candidate lose the popular vote but still win the White House. But froma generational point ofview,itisnosurprisethatthe Democrat should bbe out in front. Ic reflects not only Mr Trump's personality and record but shifts in the tectonic plate of electoral demography Issue-based tose who vtefora subject anise they {area epacieally/ NAACP = National sociation forthe Advancement of CloredPeople activist iitant/tobeengagedinobeinovedin/ registration envllnentotne tector ist) ta process is deal wthasministravly/ sofaruptorow/ Stage re period /toseem to appear here tucutto. ber tely provable’ wake-up call suckering let disgusts. understandably rats forgoodreason/ «autious pret, carl /opinion poll suney ot peoplesopions/ wad advantage spi 0 Shrink shrank shrunk oredce/to win, won, won {the white House twin telecon bee prescent/ ‘utin front he ead record et torecor fies) astperformance sift crarge/tecton plate (fig) formation compostion ‘The three younger groups made up ‘519% of the population. (#5) Millennials and Gen 2 will comprise almost 40% of the electorate. (#6) ‘The groupis composed of people of allages. “The paintings that constitute his, collection are mainly 18th century. His collection consists mainly of 18th, century artwork. VOCABLEDu sau 28cttre2020. 23Ala une potttique | EE etaS-0NS] ee rere aM aCucs Pe omeu asa suetec Lt MORTEM ecI bau andbillionaires. Qanon has Barack Obama, Tom Hanks, Bill reese eas utc Tica Perel ficking. Ps i ger nie eu yecy See cues misinformation and could act on the belief that RES ce Sey Star rn t Dens rite iea tt et eS ee poe pees ee ee ee ee ving forcein the Republica t, 77 Congressional candidates have indicated support for the moverent. One of these, Marr Taylor Green, is very likely to be elected in November. ground ling ce driving force rg congressional oor hopotects rom ev here Christ-tke defender / to wage to ‘conspiracy theory called Fea) “the pizagate’ accucesHilary Clinton of chidtraficking A4chanusecalled'Q' claims tobea highranking government oficial. The annaunceina post that Clintons going tobe arrested thscidnat happen Q startspublshing conspiracy theoieson varius forums. Ther posts consist of lorg messages filed with questions, aiming atgucingthereader towards the trut.None ofthe raratives precicted” by Qhave actually come tue Three other conspiracy theorists turn Qspostsintoa narrative, thatthe Spread on social media. Q becom anon, with thousands Gf supporters promotingitstheorieson the internet. Aechan = channel snonymous and voderted ines forum se patipart ighranking hghiev ede / tobe lled wither tonic may /toalmat oatemat ta ty / truth vey rsonof thefts /tocome, came, cometruetocccu happen’ totum 2 jn ie lsimpossible to know — but The Guardian saysat least 100,000. Qanon pages on ¢ Facebook and Twitter are usually banned. } However its far from widespread. When asked, only 3% of Americans said they knew “alot” about Qanon. $ usuallygeneraly, normaly banned proiited/ widespreadextending Members of Qanon believe that Donald Trump isa saviour, waging a secret war against the cabal. The president has refused to deny those claims ~ and instead, has shown support for (anon members. On August 1, call e0ple who lov ‘our country” and even endorsed their theories, by saying "we're saving the world from a radical left philosophy’ engagein (abate) /to deny toretute io demorstatebeingin favour ot. /toendors@ioapncove radical extremist. 26 VOCABLE Duta 28 cxtcbe 2Lapersonnalitéde la quinzained la loupe ~ VIDEOBONUS LUsten to an extract of There sno hierarchy of iu ‘S ‘oppression, an essay wherein American poet Audre Lorde discusses issues about her identity, www.vocable fr/videos-anglais Audre Lorde In the interview with Booker Prize winning author, Bemardine Evaristo, in our lastissue, she acknowledged her debt to the influence of the poet, Audre Lourde. We take a look at this important American literary figure and her part in the fight for justice and equality. Born in 934 in New York Cty, Aucre Lorde self-described asa black lesbian, mother, ‘poet, wartor She started wing poems and essays inherearyteensanddedicated her creative talent to confronting multiple forms of oppression suchas racism, sexism and homophobia, wanor fhe; combatant er strngandedkated mitant/todedieate to cevte consecrate Afterher degree in brary scence from the prestigious University of Colombia, Lorde stayed in New York and regulary published poems throughout the 9603. At the time shedidnit make allving fom her wing. so she workedasa Ubrarianin publicschoois, She wasalso an actnve ‘member ofthe LGBT+ communityin Greenwich village, r-afiring her des toliveout her self-descrbed"crazyand queer identity. queer slang forhomosewsl/bookwormbockenthusiast Sbwhareadsalt/ degreedelaa /Wbraryscence itearans throughout ving alo ll vough to ‘make,made,madealivingoeamenogmerey toe ‘Aibratanerson who eeksnalary/ UBBT = ban, fy beewal ransamde + oraryrewhocuestons or Soesnot it thebray category gene, Because ofheridentity Lode was subjected to ‘muitpleformsof ascrimination throughout her life"find Lam constantly being encouraged to ;luckout some oneaspect of myselfshe wrote. Thesoluton to that was, according ther, to reclaim her identity to dety expectations andto refuse tobe lent. Lorde encouraged her readers to be proud and celebrate ther aiferences. toolannats sturent/toctsmantlotake apt. ‘obesibjected toto ence fae be taplackottotakeavay rere /to Fedaim talepasesien fagan tadefy to resst oppose, ‘Sagan /expertation wat socetyvapesenespecs aso 7 pret pce) wats espana, After the publication of her fist book in 1968, Aue Lorde becamiea writerin-esidenceat Tougaloo College, New Mexico. There sheused the coccasionte dscussblackness wither students in themidt of the ivi Rights movement Lorde belived that revolutions arelong time processes, andthat feelings were the best indcatorsto Informactivism. college iver todiscuss hore olathe ies about exchange eas oncering/ blackness tbe nation (nsacety) arcu big Black Inthe idstot inthemidleot /ChiRightsmovementrnoverentin {heUSduing the 9605 toestabinh thecilehtsol Backctzen tolnformbos often. ‘AsLardecame backto New York, she becarneincreasinlyinvotvedin feminist activism, Cn top ofher writing, she also foundedher own publshinghouse,Klchen Table Women of Color Press which was dedicated tohelping black feminstwiters Increasingly noeard mre /tobelnwotvedin'o Dacaten.becornectedto/ ontopaf inaction to/ fofoundtocieat.esahist/publshinghouse Ctereany hich orearesbooks or poaicten plication andaistrbstion. Locde's most famous book, Str Outside, was published Litany For Survive one of her most famouspoeme,sheotfess what isarguably amission statement for work: “and when wespeakwe are afraid /our words will nat beheard/nor welcomed /but when wearestent / weare stllafraid/ Soltis bettertospeak e's arguably proba posbly/ mission statement hee manesto/morot ether) i orde led fromcancerin!992.A trailblazer hernameisincuded in public ‘monuments celebrating LGBT+ history. Non-profits andlteraryawards have been namedafter he Her former residence in New Yorkhasbeen given a landmark designation, Inthe makinginseporstion/trallblazer ones non-profit organisation not amedat kino ward ize ronou dstncton/tobenamedarter to re thesamenameas nour ofthat peson)/ former revous landmark store menue, bldg obeclasiedasCulture Télévision on popular culture? What effect have the Kardashians had CZ n2007, millions of TV viewers discovered Keeping up with the Kardashians (VE incroyable Famille Kardashian), areality show about arich American family, witha particular focus on the three daughters: Kim, Kourtney and Khloe. After over ten years living with camerasin their homes, the family hasrecently announced the show will ‘come to anend in2021. Whoare the Kardashians and how have they managed to build sucha global media empire? I he Kardashian-Jenner family re cently announced that after 20 sea sons, theirnamesake reality TV show, Keeping Up With the Kardashians, would come to an end in 2021, Within years of the premiere in, 2007, the women of the family and their matriarch “momager” became, in their own right, some of the most famous and influen- tial people in the world, Here area few of the ways the show changed not only TV, but culture at ange ‘namesake hrs, vith the same name indus the tie) within, ere, nate course of he yer that ‘olowes)/momager- mom manager rather he also theshowbysiessagent offer child} /inone's own fightasanentty/ person /atlargeln genet ‘SURLEBOUTDELALANGUE Comparez les expressions: to keep up with the Joneses vouioir {alte aussi bien que le voisin ‘to keep upappearances sauverles apparences: ‘tokeep up with thenews suivre les actualités ‘to keep up with someone resteren ‘contact avec quelqu'un tokeep up with the times évoluer tokeep up with inflation svivre le tauxd'infiation VOCABLED. 5. 28a 2020 CELEBRITY CULTURE BOOMS 2 Inits early seasons, the selFaware tacki ness of Keeping Up With the Kardashians was evinced in the opening eredits. The family, dressed in sequins and satin, stands against acityscape backdrop. goofy whistling tune plays asthey pose forthe camera and jockey forattention. These people, with their gener ously sized home and seemingly relaxed work schedules, are clearly well-off. But they're also striving 3. Fast forward seven years, and Kim is on the cover of Vogue with her husband, Kanye West. few more years, and Kylie the young. est, is named a billionaire (a designation since amended, but still, she's loaded). All of them are owners of multimillion-dollar homes, followed by multiple millions of people on social media and vastly rich in entrepre- neurial ventures. taste cheap toevinee to show cleat, hese, incate/ opening credits opening ites /tostand, ‘Stood, stood re (0 ones" / against een ont of/ backdrop bacgroundsetna/ goofy sly ehtheartd/ whistling sour ertinga cleat high tchedscurcby fering beat treughasmaltoe between ore’ ipso teeth tune song melody ocay tocompete Foran ‘ahantageorapeston)/stzed age ndnesin ‘seemingly aparently schedule ogranme,trretable Fwolkof vt rch to stave, strove striven) hard} tomake eat efor 3. fast forward vig ahead (sven yaslate)/ bitlonaire very pesen wha has at east) abiion olars/toamend* coc /stilal the same /aaded (far) very 2h owner rotors medias setworkstesonthebtemet venture ret etre Kim Kardashian and her step sisters, Kylleand KendallJenner atthe Met Galain 2013 New York, 2018.52) a 4, It's easy to say it could have happened to any family; even now, the idea that the Kar dashians are “famous for doing nothing” zemains persistent. But itwasnt any family. And the numbers keep getting bigger ANEMPIRE |S BORN 5. First there was the store. Then the beau ty collections (Kylie Cosmetics) ait video game (Kim Kardashian: Hollywood); the clothing lines and countless brand col: laborations. I's not unusual for celebrities and influencers to create products that bear their names, 6. Now the landscape has changed, mostly by their own doing. The power is in their hands. Why rely on a show when you can reach your fellowers directly on social media, control your publicimage and makemillions? Gillions?) That’ a sweet deal. NEW BEAUTY STANDARDS 7, Have the Kardashian sisters gone under the knife? The family line, with a couple of 4.toremaintocentinie tobe, 5.store etal cutet/itpopviar sucess / countless many nurereus brand acemark. typeof produc. /t0 bear, bore born cane oshow 6. landscape ere, context /torelyon to dependon/to follower ssc an/ sweet deat Tere Meh oroftalecommercal vente “7.40 go, went, gone under te knife to undergo 3 surgea operation hee tohaveplastesurgry (non essential medal operation tochargesonesfexe9) / linenere response” ‘lacie A2-B1/ 44 moyen B2-CY/ 4 4 fle -€2exceptions, is no. The claim is both ludicrous and shrewd. A triumph of the Kardashian marketing reign has been sellin the appear ance of extreme, even eampy body modifica tion as an accessible consumer experience, one sold through spa trips on the show, makeup-chair selfies on Instagram, and branded products like Kylie's lip kits and. Kim’ shapewear. 8. The Kardashians were the prototypes forthe ‘uncanny cyborg look that has since colonized social media, They exist less as fixed images than as a blur of constant technological up- grades. They refashioned femininity into a computer prompt: enhance, enhance,enbance. ‘TALK ABOUT TRANSITIONS 8, Caitlyn Jenner often gave the appearance of being the least spectacular one ofthe fam- aimasseton pretension /ludlerous eto / ‘Shrewd astute, cover/campy ysl eragpeated/ ‘consumer customer makeupcersmets he 3 Bhotootonsef nthe chakhavingcosmetis apd) Up ‘roxth Shapewear irgiethat sclssim the body form 8. uncanny mystrieus starge/blurhee ily changin fest ovrgsucteson (thet constatty etingooks|/ upgrade update. nen (and roroved) ‘yoson/torefashion remade ansfom / prompt Syl that pearson tecomputer screen tondeate iat theconputersreatytorecevea comma /to ‘enhance to mproveembelish Q siméiorezvotreprononcation en écoutant tous lesartclessurlesupplément audiodelectre ily. Butif the extended Kardashian ecosystem has taughtus nothing else, its that we should also always look beneath a surface. Caitlyn and Kris Jenner each have six children. The Venn diagram of those 12 contains two, Kendall and Kylie — who some believe are the most potent of the species 10. The announcement of her gender transi: tion ate a significant amount of the news cycle of the middie of 2015, an otherwise ‘uneventful year apparently. In setting the framing of the conversation, Caitlin may have changed hearts and minds among, older and more conservative and more transphobic Americans. ANOTHER SIDE OF KANYE TL Kanye West began appearing on the show in 2012, the year he started dating Kim Kar- dashian. He was visibly uncomfortable with the camera, He wouldn't sit for confessionals. But he was there. 12, The show has helped Kanye promote himself not only asadesigner, butasavision- ary aesthete,asa husband, as a father and as a Christian. Ithas provided a counterpoint tothose who have scorned his ambitions and a public relations platform in times of criss, Since 2012, he has grown far more comfort. able on camera and significantly more in- volved behind the scenes of the show. THIS IS YOUR POWER BROKER 13, When Kim Kardashian West announced, in 2019, that she was pursuing a law degree, critics were quick to dismiss her aspirations. The previous year, she paid a visit to the 9. extended gsi cele toteach taught, ‘taught o show thio lea / neath unde underneath tent moresseive species 00 (a). 10. toeat,ate, eaten. to cup / amount quatty, hse partot/ mawseyele 2-haurnewsepots, ae rmeda,neussiotes/atherwis ere. nathes ways/ UUneventfulrcsine. calm, qet/ tose, se, satto en ligne peer eB see essen a IfqsaEnglish @@BRITISH joe am @ecounci, !GESR ane tee