Sta. Ana Avenue. Corner Leon Garcia St.

, Davao City
Tel. No. (082) 303- 3078, (082) 295-7219
BSAET 421 - Navigation Aid Maintenance
Midterm Exam

Name: Score: _____________/50

Course & Year level: Permit No:
Instructor: Mr. Jerico G. Egay Date: _________

Note: * Any Erasures is considered wrong.

* Write legibly.

Test I. Multiple Choices: Encircle the letter which corresponds to the correct answer.
(Choose the best answers)

1. It is the positioning where the airborne receiver measures the time arrival with respect to its own
clock.
a. One-way range
b. Two-way range
c. Three-way range
d. Time difference

2. General principles in terrestrial navigation system.

a. Radio transmission
b. Propagation
c. System performance parameters
d. All of these

3. If a wire antenna is placed in space and excited with an alternating current, all applied ac power that
is not dissipated in the wire will be radiated into the space. These processes are also termed as:
a. Radio propagation
b. Radio transmission
c. Receiving
d. None of these

4. Early radio experiments were hampered by the difficulty of generating efficient high frequencies or
what other challenges?
a. Building high power unit
b. Building small antenna
c. Building large antenna
d. None of these

5. Regardless of frequency, the following general rules apply in free space:

a. The propagation speed of radio waves in a vacuum is the speed of light is
299,792.5 km/sec (usually taken as 300,000 km/sec.
b. The received energy is a function of the area of the receiving antenna.
c. If the transmission is omnidirectional, the received energy is proportional to the area of the
receiving antenna divided by the area of a sphere radius equal to the distance from the
transmitter.
d. All of these

6. The utility of a radio navigation system to a user is reflected by the following factors:
a. Accuracy
b. Coverage
c. Availability
d. All of these

7. It represents the earliest use of radio for navigational purposes.

a. Direction finding
b. Radio communication
c. Xray
d. RADAR
8. These take bearings on airborne transmitters and then advise the aircraft of its bearing from the
ground station.
a. Radio
b. Ground based direction finders
c. Bearings
d. None of these

9. In low and medium frequency bands, ground waves are useful to hundred if miles. This are subject to
contamination at night at:
a. Long distance
b. Short distance
c. Any distance
d. None of these

10. Positioning method where the receiver measures the time delay between the transmission of a pulse
and its return from a local transponder.
a. One-way range
b. Two-way range
c. Three-way range
d. Time difference

11. This type of receiver is no longer in production, but its basic principles still apply to the current
generation equipment.
a. VOR
b. Direction finder
c. Loop antenna
d. None of these

12. Airborne VHF/UHF Direction-finder systems civil aviation communication over land is conducted in
what frequency?
a. 118 to 150 MHz
b. 118 to 151 MHz
c. 118 to 154 MHz
d. 118 to 156 MHz

13. Used to provide better fixes along the airways, operates at 75 MHz and radiate pattern upward from
the ground.
a. Ground waves
b. Carrier wave
c. Marker beacons
d. None of these

14. It was originally adopted for voice communication, it is natural to consider the combination of
communication and navigation in one band.
a. UHF
b. ELF
c. VHF
d. None of these

15. Early VHF involved two and four course range, by 1946, the VOR had become U.S. standard and
adopted by the international standard.
a. 1946
b. 1936
c. 1916
d. 1926

16. A positioning method where the receiver measures the difference in time of arrival between pulses
sent from two stations.
a. One-way range
b. Two-way range
c. Three-way range
d. Time difference
17. Airborne receiver measures the phase difference between continuous-wave signal emitted by two
stations using a single airborne antenna.
a. Phase positioning
b. Bearing
c. Time difference
d. Two-way range

18. It is the angle of arrival, relative to airframe of a radio signal from an external transmitter.
a. Phase positioning
b. Bearing
c. Time difference
d. Two-way range

19. Coordinates are used in local areas but not convenient for long-range navigation.
a. Map grip coordinates
b. Earth Centered Inertial (ECI)
c. Earth Fixed (ECEF)
d. Celestial Navigation

20. An inertial navigation system (INS) is a navigation aid that uses a computer, motion sensors
(accelerometers), rotation sensors (gyroscopes) and occasionally magnetic sensors (magnetometers).
a. Map grip coordinates
b. Earth Centered Inertial (ECI)
c. Earth Fixed (ECEF)
d. Celestial Navigation
Test II. Identification: Write the correct answer on the space provided.

Radio navigation system

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Name Frequency Wavelength

Very low frequency VLF 6. 100 – 10 km

Low frequency LF 7. 10-1 km

Medium frequency MF 8. 1 km – 100 m

High frequency HF 9. 100 – 10 m

Very high frequency VHF 10. 10-1 cm

Ultra-high frequency UHF 11. 1 m - 10 cm

Super high frequency SHF 12. 10 – 1 cm

Extremely high frequency EHF 13. 10-1 mm

L nA 14.

Ls nA 15.