Date:22/12/2020

EXERCISE NO: 4
LEVELLING
Aim
To compute the reduced level of given points A,B,C,D etc. using height of collimation
method and to find the level difference between the first point A and the last point.

Instruments Required
Dumpy level, leveling staff, tripod.

Procedure
The given points were not visible from a single instrument station. Initially a station was
chosen such that maximum numbers of points were visible from it. The legs of the tripod
were firmly fixed on the ground and the dumpy level was fixed on top of the tripod stand.
After that temporary adjustments were made to the dumpy level using the foot screws. The
bubble was made central in all direction. Focusing of the eyepiece and objective was done
next. The telescope was then turned to a staff placed at A. The reading of the staff was noted
as the back sight. The telescope was then turned towards B and the staff reading was noted as
the fore sight, since it was the last reading that could be taken from the station.

Another suitable station was then chosen and the legs of the tripod were fixed firmly.
Temporary adjustments were done. After that the telescope was turned to B and the staff
readings were noted as back sight at B. Since both fore sight and back sight readings were
taken from the same point, B was called change point and it indicated the shifting of
instrument. Staff reading at C was noted as the intermediate sight. A point X was suitably
chosen and the staff reading was taken. Then the instrument was shifted. Proceeding in the
same manner to the remaining points in order to obtain the staff readings there was done. The
last staff reading is taken at the last point and it is noted as the fore sight.
By height of instrument method,

Height of instrument (HI) = Reduced level (RL) + Back sight (BS).

 Observation & Calculations

Exercise No: 1 Instrument No:

Locality: Date:18/12/2020

Reduced
Height of
Observations level Distance Remarks
Collimation
(RL)
Station
Back Fore
Intermediate
sight sight
sight (IS)
(BS) (FS)

A 2.228 434.612 432.384 B.M

B 1.606 434.612 433.006

C 2.090 0.988 435.714 433.624 C.P1

D 2.864 435.714 432.850

E 0.602 1.262 435.054 434.452 C.P2

F 1.044 1.982 434.116 433.072 C.P3

G 2.684 431.432 L.P

Calculations
Height of Instrument (H.I) = R.L of Bench mark + B.S
R.L of a point = Height of Instrument – F.S/ I. S towards the point
Check
∑B.S - ∑F.S=R.L. of Last point – R.L. First point

∑B.S - ∑F.S = (2.228+2.090+0.602+1.044) - (0.988+1.262+1.982+2.684) = -0.952

R.L. of Last point – R.L. First point = 431.432 - 432.384 = -0.952

Therefore, ∑B.S - ∑F.S=R.L. of Last point – R.L. First point

Result

Reduced levels of the given points are:

R.L. of A = 432.384

R.L. of B = 433.006m

R.L. of C = 433.624m

R.L. of D = 432.850m

R.L. of E = 434.452m

R.L. of F = 433.072m

R.L. of G =431.432m

The reduced level between first point and last point = 0.952m