UNIT-Il: Information and Communication Technology Skills

CHAPTER.

Peripheral Devices
EPERIPHERAL DEVICES
A computer system is made up of three major units that carry out its primary functions- Input, Output, and Storage
units. There are many other internal and external devices that connect to the computer directly and add functionality to
it, These devices are called Peripheral devices. The term peripheral device refers to all hardware components that are
attached to a computer and are controlled by the computer system, but they are not the core components of the
computer like the CPU, motherboard, and power supply etc. Peripherals, in other words can also be defined as the
devices which can be easily removed and plugged into a computer system. A few examples of peripheral devices are:

Optical disk drive Modem Bluetooth Memory card reader

Monitor Printer CDROM Drive

DigitalCamera

TYPES OF PERIPHERAL DEVICES

Peripheral devices can be classified into three categories:

Input Devices Output Devices StorageDevices

INPUT DEVICES

Input devices are used to enter data and

information into a computer. Some of the input devices are discussed below

Keyboard
devices used to input data and instructions into a
Keyboard is one of the most important input
enter data to the computer. As discussed in Part-B, Unit-ll,
Computer. It uses various keys to
Session 1. Check the reference.
Fig. 9.1: Keyboard

Mouse
that lets you select and move items on
most commonly used input and pointing device
Mouse is the
more frequently than the right
button. A single left-click
The left mouse button is used
the screen. in Part-B,
activates the application. As discussed
double-clicking on an item
selects an item while
Check the reference.
Fig. 9.2: Mouse Unit-l1, Session 1.

Stylus like a pen that is used to provide

touch pen, is a small instrument shaped
A
Stylus, also called as
draw or make selections
screens, and tablets. It can be used to
nput to mobile devices, computer
Nintendo.
devices directly on the
screen. Stylus is used on game consoles like
On touchscreen Fig. 9.3: Stylus Pen

Scanner
The scanned data is then
t is an device that scans text, images, and objects optically.
input
image and displayed on the computer
screen.
converted into a digital
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Types of Scanner
arum
scanner. It uses a rotating glass
. Drum Scanner: This is the most efficient and expensive

to Scan. Drum scanners are used mainly in the publishing

industry to print high quality

images in books and magazines.

Fig. 9.4: Drum Scanc
miniature printer with a flip-up cover
2. Flatbed Scanner: It looks like a
In a flatbed scanner, the object to be scanned is placed face de
protecting the glass window.
is then illuminated with a bright light. The filatbed scanners argire.
the glass window which
homes, schools, and medium sized offices.
Fig. 9.5: dragged
manual device which is
Flatbed Scanner 3. Handheld Scanner: This is a small
be scanned. Bar code scanner is one of the most-utilised
over the surface of the image to
handheld scanner used in shopping malls. Fig. 9.6: Handheld Scanner

Bar Code Reader

Itis an input device used for reading bar codes printed on the packing ofvarious products. A bar code is a combinationc

dark and light stripes. It is a computer readable representation of information, present in visual format. Bar code reade

is a very useful device commonly used for billing and inventory applications.

Joystick
move an
A joystick is an input device which moves in the four directions and allows the user to
It has moving stick
object on the screen. It is normally used in gaming centres for playing games.
a

(which rests on a base) with some push buttons on it.

Microphone Fig. 9.7: Joystick
into a
It is an input device used to record and store voice or any other sound
computer, generally as a wav' file. Microphone is commonly used in video conferencing, spee
recognition programs, radio broadcasting, recording, and sound amplifying systems.

Fig.9.8:
Microphone

Light Pen

select or modify data on the screen. It allows

It is a light-sensitive pointing device, commonly used to
point on displayed objects or draw on the
screen.
the user to
Fig. 9.9: Light Pen

OUTPUT DEVICES

soft copy or hard copy. Some of the common output devices liste
are
They are used to provide information in the form of
below.

Monitor
Monitor is the most common output device. It is also called Visual Display Unit (VDU), an

electronic visual display for computers. Just like a television, a monitor also displays the Windovs
output on the screen. Monitors display pictures by dividing the display screen into thousands
(or millions) of minute dots called pixels, arranged in rows and columns. The pixels are so

close together that they appear connected. The output displayed on the monitor is called
Fig. 9.10: Monitor
soft copy.
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rhe most common types of monitors are:

1 Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitors

2. liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Thin Film Transistor (TFT) monitors

2 Light-Emitting Diode (LED) monitors

1. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Monitors

these monitors, a beam of electrons lights up the
aner COating of the screen. Colour is
pixels/phosphor dots, which form the
achieved by
hades of different intensities. CRT monitors are
combining Red, Green, and
Blue(RGB)
bulky and occupy a lot of
available in various sizes, like 14 inches, 15 inches, 17 space. They are
inches, and 21 inches.
2. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Monitors
LCD monitors are
relatively thinner and lighter than CRT Fig.9.11:CRT Monitor
monitors. They use the light
modulating properties of Liquid Crystals (LC's).
on walls.
They save a lot of space and can be mounted
They provide a wide viewing angle and come
in various sizes such as 17
inches, 22 inches, etc. They display inches, 19
sharp images and require less power to run.
in a wide range of They are used
Fig.9.12: LCD Monitor applications including computer monitors, television, instrumental
aircraft cockpit displays, etc. panels,
3. Light-emitting Diode (LED) Monitor
LED display is the latest
development in the field of monitors. These monitors have light
emitting diodes that act as
performance boosters in them. LED monitors offer better
colour quality, clarity, and display than the LCD monitors. These monitors are
flat, thinner,
and lighter in weight. The biggest
advantage of LED display is that it consumes low power,
which is especially needed for handheld and
chargeable devices, such as mobile phones,
telephones, watches, gaming devices, tablets, laptops, etc. Fig. 9.13: LED Monitor

4. Touch Screen Monitor

A touch screen is a special monitor that allows the user to input information by touching the
icons or graphical buttons present on the screen. It is also used in ATM machines, offices,
cineplexes, supermarkets and museums etc.
Fig. 9.14:
Printers Touch Screen Monitor

A printer is a peripheral device used for printing the output on a paper or any other printable media. The printed

information on a paper is called a hard copy. Printers are

oftwo types:
1. Impact Printer 2. Non-Impact Printer

1. Impact Printers
head and i.e., they print by the
Impact printers allow physical contact between the printer paper
character printers.
impact of dot wires on paper. They are also called
Impact printers are classified as follows:

Daisy Wheel Printers: They produce letter-quality documents. The speed of these printers varies
from 60 cps to 120 cps (character per second). They are not in use anymore since they were very Fig. 9.15:
Dot-Matrix Printer
slow and noisy.
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 not have good printing quality.
As a result, they are
Frinters: They are noisy and do and graphics. Ihey are
losin Besides text, they are capable of printing charts
relatively economical
2. Non-impact Printers Daisy Fig.9.16.Print
Wheel
and paper i.e., they
Ompact printers do not allow physical contact between
the printing head
Whereas, only the ink
n o r strike against the inked ribbon orthe paper which is being printed.better
produce print quality and
printing, touches the paper. Non impact printers
can
Ed TOr
as thermal, inkjet,
and
COloured graphics as well. The non-impact printers are categorised
laser printer.
Characters are
1nermal Printers: Thermal printers use a special heat sensitive paper.
sensitive paper, thus
Tormed when heated elements come in contact with the heat

forming darkened dots.

onto the paper. Ihey
Ink-jet Printers: They produce images by spraying tiny droplets ofink Fig.9.17: Ink-jet Printer
coloured graphics. They are cheap and
have very high quality output and can also produce
more
to be replaced
ideal for home/office. The cartridge is quite costly and needs
frequently.
Laser printers use a
Laser Printers: These printers use photocopy technology to print.
The
laser beam and dry powdered ink called 'toner to produce a fine dot matrix pattern.

quality of output on paper is very good.

Fig. 9.18: Laser Printer
Speakers
the output devices which are used to play sound. A speaker converts an alternating
Speakers are
connected with cables. We can
electrical current into sound. It may be built into the system unit or

listen to music and various sound effects through them.

Plotters
Fig.9.19:
A plotter is a vector graphic printing device which interprets
commands from a computer to draw lines Speakers

on paper with one or more automated pens. Plotters are basically used for graphical applications, like
and drawings.
Computer Aided Designing (CAD) for printing maps
Drum Plotters.
There are two types of plotters: Flatbed Plotters and

1. Flatbed Plotter: A Flatbed plotteris also known as a Table Plotter. It plots on a paperthat is
spread and fixed over a rectangular flatbed table. A pen mounted on a moving carriage,
moves in accordance with the signals received from the CPU and produces drawing on the
Fig. 9.20:
Flatbed Plotter
paper. It is very slow in drawing or printing graphs.
2. Drum Plotter: A Drum plotter is also known as a Roller Plotter. It consists ofa drum on which
a paper is placed. The drum then rotates back and forth to produce the graph on the paper.
The pen, mounted on a fixed carriage moves horizontally across the paper to create a perfect
drawing. They are more noisy and compact as compared to the flatbed plotters.
Ploter
9.21: Drum
Fig.
SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES
emory

The primary memory due to its small capacity cannot store large amounts of data. Moreover, RAM is a volatilie ni
and cannot store the data permanently. Thus secondary storage devices are used to store information. Ine cannot

memory due to its small capacity cannot store large amounts of data. Moreover, RAM is a volatilememoryan
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 lata
ore the data
permanently.
Thus
user. Thecommonly used storage secondary storage until it is eleted or overwritten by the
devices are: deletee
Hard Disk

he
It is the most common storage device
for
(Hard Disk Drive) or storinga large amount of data. It is also callea
Winchester Disk. It was n
Johnson.
introduced in 1954 by an 1BM team led by Rey Fig.9.22: Hard Disk
Hard disk is made
n
up of a
collection of disks known as
de. All the read/write heads are attached to
side OWn platters. Each platter
platter requires two read/write heads
r one for each
a
single access arm that they do not platter
has the same number OT tracks to store
data. A track
so move independentiy. ta
following properties: location that cuts across all platters is called a Cylinder. it ao e

Coated with magnetic material, it is hard and

inflexible.
I t has large storage capacity. It can store
a
up to 8TB of data.
The disk rotates at a very
high speed, varying from 5400 to 15,000rpm (rotations per minute).
CD ROM
A CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc-Read Only
Memory. Readyouonly means
change cannot
the pre-recorded information stored on the disk. It is a type of optical disk capable of storing a
large amount of data, information, software, etc. Today, most of the software, like
audio, video,
graphics, and multimedia presentations are found on CDs. The data from a CD can be accessed Fig. 9.23: CD-ROM
using a CD drive.

CD's come in two sizes, the standard CD with 120mm diameter and
mini CD with 80mm diameter.
There are two types of CD ROMs: CD-R and CD-RW.

CD-R(Compact Disk Recordable): These disks can record data only once but can read data overand over
again.
CD-RW (Compact Disk Rewritable): CD-RW is a rewritable disk. It allows us to erase the previously recorded data.
We can write new data on a CD-RW disk multiple times.

DVD (Digital Versatile Disk)

Initially, it was called Digital Video Disk, the name later changed to Digital Versatile Disk. DVD can store high-quality
video, audio, and other kinds of digital information. DVDs are available in single and double-sided versions.
ADVD can storesixtimes more data than a CD.
The data transmission rate of a DVD is muchfaster than that of a CD (approximately 15 times faster).
A DVD can hold 4.7 GB to 17 GB ofdata. Like a CD-ROM, a DVD is also available in many versions, such as:
DVD-R: You can record data only once.
DVD-RW: Youcan erase and record data manytimes.
DVD-Rand DVD-RW have two additional formats, which are+ and-. Forexample: DVD-R and DVD+R.

Blu-ray Disk
Blu-ray disk is a new optical disk format that is rapidly replacinga DVD. This format was developed to enable recording,
rewriting and playback of high-definition video (HD), as well as for storing large amount of data. The name Blu-ray disk is
derived from the blue-violet laser which is used to read and write this type ofdisk
Largest Capacity: It can hold upto 25 GB of data on a single layer and 50 GB of data on a dual layer disk. Blu-ray disk
can store upto 6 times the data stored in a regular DVD.
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 aXImum Picture
Resolution: Blu-rav disk delivers fll 1080p high definition vidE
ensures high quality video reproduction. All the latest 3D movies are now ai
distributed only on Blu-ray.
6)
Uncompressed Surround Sound: Blu-rav disk ensures the highest quality au Bluray Dis
entertainment.
Ompatibility: Blu-ray disk plavers support and allow you to watch and enjoy your ED
DVD libraries.

Disk Robustness:
Breakthroughs in hard-coating technologies enabie Diu
strongest resistance to scratches and Fig. 9.24
fingerprints. Blu-Ray Disk
Flash Drive

smaland portable filash and data

sa memory data storage device. mainly used totransfer audio, video,
Ties trom the hard drive of one computer to another. It is removable and rewriteable. It is plugged into the

computer's USB port. It consists ofa small PCB (Printed Circuit Board), which contains the circuit elements
and a UsB connector that is electrically insulated and protected inside a plastic, metal, or rubberised case.

Fig.S9.25
Flash drive is also called Pen drive or Thumb drive and is available with storage capacity of up to 218 of Flash Drive

data.

ASSESSMENT TIME

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. A speaker converts an alternating electrical current into..*************"**'**"'
2. Laser printers use a laser beam and .. . INK to produce fine print.

3. A
. s avectorgraphic printing device.
4. Hard disk is made up of a collection of disks known a s . .***'********* *****"**' '

5. Flash drive is plugged into the computer. port.

Plotter Sound
HINTSPlatters Powdered USB

B. State True or False:

small instrument shaped like a pen used to provide input to mobiles, monitors and tablets.
1. A joystick is a
A bar code is a computer readable representation of information, present in visual format.
2.
Unit (VDU).
3. Amonitor is also called Visual Display
4. The picture on a monitor is made up of thousands of small coloured dots called Pixars.

5. LED monitors offer better colour quality, clarity, and display than the LCD monitors.
Answer the Following Questions:
C.
Give some examples.
1. What are peripheral devices?
its types?
2 What is a Scanner? What are
Define pixels.
What do you understand by a Monitor?
3.
its configuration.
4. What is HDD? Briefly explain

ACTIVITY ZONE For Better Concept Clarity

various secondary storage devices.

Create a presentation on

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