I

1. Tragedy of the commons:

Tragedy of the commons mean people take the common resource without limit,
so the resource set up. When population grow up, everyone would need more
resource to support their quality of life. Now people not only take the resource
but also release hazardous materials into environment. Due to people take the
resource unlimited and those hazardous material, cause pollution of the Earth’s
atmosphere.

2. The Emissions Trading Scheme:

Governments will release a license and companies need to buy it. This license can
help government to control the emissions. Businesses can sell and buy this
license, the license price may raise and down with the company’s value. so this
policy is not totally through the government manage.
Advantage: This policy not only limit the emission but also let producer and
consumer reduce to buy carbon emission products.
Disadvantage: 1.Most of countries have not enough experience 2. The license
price may fierce fluctuation.

The Carbon Tax:

Governments implement carbon tax try to control people who use CO2.
Advantage: The carbon tax and add the country’s revenue.
Disadvantage: 1. Businesses may against this policy, it is not a good news to
ruling party.

3. At question sheet.
4.
1. When 1850, the total CO2 emission started to grow up.
2. Until 2018, Europe’s total CO2 emission never exceed 10 billion t.
3. In 2018, international transport’s CO2 emission exceed 35 billion t.
4. Science 1950, except Europe and the USA, the other regions total CO2 emission
started to grow up obviously.
5.Africa’s and south/north America’s curve are very similar.
II
1. 15Apr I would need 3.5 Earth.
2. 618.2 KG
3. Atmosfair is an organization which is protect climate. They evolve some project
such as solar energy and Hydroelectric power to protect climate, they help
 some company how to reduce CO2, give compensation as well.

III
I think COVID-19 is a harmful process for Earth. First, according BBC news, when this
pandemic occurred, plastic product needed increase, such as mask and paper cups. I
work at KFC, many customers throw their masks everywhere, so I believe that, some
of people must throw their masks into ocean or anywhere, it is not only may cause
another infection but also cause pollution. Second, because of COVID-19, some
meeting cannot carry out, many policies about protect environment cannot
implement. But I think, when this pandemic pass, people may back to normal live
imminent, compare with others, Taiwan still conduct normal. Maybe our live will into
an unmanned live more quickly, you know, this is a stable economic system in future,
we may be safe if some accidents like this pandemic break out again.