Research Paper on Bangabandhu

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

Course: Emergence of Bangladesh (HIS103) Section: 13
Submitted To:
Dr. Samina Sultana
Department of History & Philosophy
North South University

Submitted By:
Md. Hasibur Rahman 1610408030
Shahed Morshed Jaigirdar 1510641030
Md. Imtiaz Mahmud 1610825030
Javeria Fazal 1712157642
Md. Mohin Uddin Sunmoon 1621329030
Hasan Mahmud 1611443030
 Acknowledgement
At first we are very grateful and thankful to the Almighty Allah. Then we would like to thank our

honorable faculty, Dr. Samina Sultana (SMS4) who mentored us very meticulously and helped us

in every step while completing this project. We also would like to express our heartfelt gratitude

to her to give us the opportunity to work on such an exciting and useful project.

This report cannot be solely attributed to only one’s effort, but it is indeed the joint effort of all the

members of the group. There were hard times during the preparation of this report but it could not

have been possible to write it without the sole hard work and dedication of all the group members.

Thank You Very Much

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 Table of Contents
Research Paper on Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman............................................................ 0

Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3

Abstract.......................................................................................................................................... 4

Research Questions...................................................................................................................... 4

Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 4

Literature Review .......................................................................................................................... 5

Data Presentation and Analysis: ................................................................................................. 6

Conclusion................................................................................................................................... 11

References................................................................................................................................... 12

Appendix ..................................................................................................................................... 13

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 Introduction

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman ("Mujib") The Father of the Nation, declared the
independence of Bangladesh on March 25, 1971. He was elected the President of the provisional
Mujibnagar government through a Proclamation of Independence issued on 10 April 1971. The
formal inauguration ceremony, however, took place at the mango grove of village
Baidyanathtola (renamed Mujibnagar) under the present Meherpur district on 17 April 1971.
Mujib remained President in absentia until his return to Bangladesh from Pakistan (where he was
interned) on 10 January 1972. On 12 January 1972, he stepped down from the office of President
to become the Prime Minister of the country. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman once again became
President on 25 January 1975 with the amendment of the Constitution from Parliamentary to
Presidential form of government.

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman had an eventful political carrier. Born on 17 March 1920
at village Tungipara under Gopalganj sub- division (now a district), he graduated from Islamia
College, Kolkata in 1947. In 1946, he was the general secretary of the Islamia College Student's
Union. After the creation of Pakistan, he took part in the Language Movement and suffered
imprisonment. Sheikh Mujib was elected one of the joint secretaries of the East Pakistan Awami
Muslim League in 1949.

From 1953 until 1966, he held the post of General Secretary of East Pakistan Awami League. In
1954, he was elected a member of the East Bengal Legislative Assembly and was appointed a
Minister of the United Front Government (the youngest Minister of the Huq Government). In
1955, he was elected member of the second Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. He was again
appointed a Minister when AL formed the provincial cabinet under Ataur Rahman in 1956. But
he voluntarily left the cabinet in July 1957 to reorganize his party.

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 Abstract

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is the father of nation of Bangladesh. We choose this theme because he
played a very important and crucial role in the independence of Bangladesh. Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman was someone who provided direction, instructions and guidance to the people of
Bangladesh. He dedicated his life to establishing a democratic peaceful and exploitation free
society called Sonar Bangla. He sacrificed his life to liberate the Bengali nation. He is the
founding father of the Bengali nation generator of Bengali nationalism and creator of the
sovereign state of Bangladesh, also declared the independence of Bangladesh on March 25,
1971. He was a true mass leader who had his roots deep in the soil of his country and in his
people. He is also known as the architect of Bangladesh.

Research Questions

1. What were the reasons behind Sheikh Mujibur Rahman led Awami league's win in
the election of 1970?
2. Did the 7th march’s historical speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
originate the liberation war of 1971?
3. What was the role of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in the liberation war
of Bangladesh?

Methodology
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was a rabble-rousing, charismatic leader who galvanized the nationalist
struggle but proved inept in governing the country. Our research is based on the influence and
importance of his leadership in the liberation war of 1971.we tend to find and combine all the
published documents incidents and reactions of people for our research.
In the research we tried to gather information regarding Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and his lifetime
contributions. We have surveyed 20 people as a sample (secondary data) and came to a particular
conclusion. The report gives a glimpse of his biography and some highlighted historical incident
related to him. The questions that were asked for sampling were related to the “Formation
Awami league”, “7th march historical speech”, “Role in liberation war”.
These question not only gives us a random and neutral results but also shows us what people
thinks.

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 Literature Review
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, shortened as Sheikh Mujib or just Mujib, was a Bangladeshi politician
and statesman. He is the founding father of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. He filled in as
the principal President of Bangladesh and later as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 17
April 1971 until his death on 15 August 1975. He is viewed as the main thrust behind the
freedom of Bangladesh. He is prevalently named with the title of Bangabandhu ("Friend of
Bengal") by the general population of Bangladesh. He turned into a main figure in and in the end
the leader of the Awami League, established in 1949 as an East Pakistan-based ideological group
in Pakistan. Mujib is credited as a vital figure in efforts to gain political independence for East
Pakistan and later as the central figure behind the Bangladesh Liberation Movement and the
Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. Hence, he is respected Jatir Janak or Jatir Pita (both
signifying "Father of the Nation") of Bangladesh. His daughter Sheikh Hasina is the present
chief of the Awami League and furthermore the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. A supporter of
majority rule government and communism, Mujib rose to the positions of the Awami League and
East Pakistani legislative issues as a charming and compelling speaker. At the elevating of
sectional pressures, he laid out a 6-point autonomy plan and was jailed by the regime of Field
Marshal Ayub Khan for conspiracy. Mujib drove the Awami League to win the primary fair
decision of Pakistan in 1970. Despite gaining a majority, the League was not welcomed by the
decision military junta to form a government. As civil disobedience erupted across East Pakistan,
Mujib indirectly announced independence of Bangladesh during a landmark speech on 7th March
1971. On 26 March 1971, the Pakistan Army reacted to the mass challenges with Operation
Searchlight, in which Prime Minister-choose Mujib was captured and traveled to isolation in
West Pakistan, while Bengali regular folks, understudies, scholarly people, government officials
and military deserters were killed as a component of the 1971 Bangladesh annihilation.
Regardless of Mujib's nonappearance, Bengalis from varying backgrounds joined the Mukti
Bahini and battled and won against Pakistan Armed Forces in Bangladesh Liberation War. After
Bangladesh's freedom, Mujib was discharged from Pakistani guardianship because of global
weight and came back to Dhaka in January 1972 after a short visit to Britain and India.

Sheik Mujib turned into the Prime Minister of Bangladesh under a parliamentary framework
received by the new nation. His administration ordered a constitution announcing communism
and common majority rules system. The Awami League won a colossal command in the nation's
first broad decision in 1973. Be that as it may, Mujib confronted difficulties of uncontrolled
joblessness, destitution and defilement, just as the Bangladesh starvation of 1974. The legislature
was reprimanded for denying established acknowledgment to indigenous minorities and human
rights infringement by its security powers, outstandingly the National Defense Force para
volunteer army. In the midst of rising political fomentation, Mujib started one gathering
communist standard in January 1975. A half year later, he and the greater part of his family were
killed by rebel armed force officers amid an overthrow. A military law government was
accordingly settled. In a 2004 BBC survey, Mujib was casted a ballot the Greatest Bengali of all
time.

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 Data Presentation and Analysis:

Research Question No. 1: What were the reasons behind Sheikh Mujibur Rahman led
Awami league's win in the election of 1970?

In this research on Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, we wanted to know the reasons
behind Sheikh Mujibur Rahman led Awami league's win in the election of 1970. We asked some
questions to 20 people about their thinking about the reasons behind the won of 1970’s historical
win over PPP.
Among the 20 people 9 people thinks that the name Bangabandhu this name is enough reason for
winning the election. Other 7 people thinks that the reason behind the winning is the Six point.
From the rest 4 people 3 people thinks that people of east Pakistan wanted independence that’s
why the voted Awami League. And the last one person thinks that the split between the political
parties of West Pakistan is the reason behind the victory of Awami League in 1970’s election.

Split between
W.P parties
5%
Independence Bangabandhu the name is
15% enough
Bangabandhu
the name is Six Point
enough
45% Independence

Split between W.P parties

Six Point
35%

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The government claimed a high level of public participation and a voter turnout of almost 63%.
The total number of registered voters in the country was 56,941,500 of which 31,211,220 were
from East Pakistan and 25,730,280 were from West Pakistan. And Awami League got 39.2%
vote which is highest percentage of all.The Awami League won a landslide victory by winning
an absolute majority of 160 seats in the National Assembly and 298 of the 310 seats in the
Provincial Assembly of East Pakistan. The PPP won only 81 seats in the National Assembly, but
were the winning party in Punjab and Sindh. The Marxist National Awami Party emerged
victorious in Northwest Frontier Province and Balochistan.

Research Question No. 2: Did the 7th march’s historical speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman originate the liberation war of 1971?

In our research on Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, we wanted to know about his
historical speech of 7th March in 1971. It is said that this speech is the pioneer of the liberation
war. So, we did a survey among 20 people to research whether people of Bangladesh believe that
the speech had originated the liberation war or not.
In our survey we asked that, “Do you think the historical speech of 7th March makes us move in
tune with the spirit of the Liberation War?”
Among the 20 people, 85% of them have said that yes they think the speech encouraged the
people of East Pakistan to fight against the Pakistanis and other 15% said that they don’t think
the speech did encourage.

15%

85%

YES NO

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And then we asked them, “Do you think the speech of 7th March indicated and encouraged
people to get ready for a war?”
As an answer to this question, all of the 20 people of our sample answered “Yes, they think so”.

YES NO

The March 7 address by Bangabandhu the great poetry of our emancipation is a time-tested
speech. This great speech still ignites people. It flames forth our unquenchable thirst for justice.
It makes us move in tune with the spirit of the Liberation War. Martha Nussbaum calls it a 'love',
and thus distinguishes it from the simple embrace of principles. This love involves the feeling
that the nation is one's own. Consider “bhayer aamar” or “amar manush” from the March 7
Speech or “Amar Sonar Bangla” from our national anthem, you will see a ground for this claim.

The art of oratory occupies a special place in our history. Sher-e-Bangla's oratory, for example, is
omnipresent in our historical narratives. When he would speak, it would move everyone no
matter what their socio-economic status. For Bangabandhu, eloquence was one of his many
defining leadership qualities. The March 7 speech spanned for 19 minutes, but if you hear it, you
get the feeling that it lasted for a moment.

The Newsweek, in its April 5, 1971 issue sketches a similar emotive figure and an artistic
altruism of Sheikh Mujib by terming him a “poet of politics. “The magic of the speech is that it

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never becomes monotonous. Therefore, it is erroneous to regard it simply as a politician's
speech; rather, it can be compared with the tune of the Pied Piper of Hamelin, behind whom
successive generations run being overwhelmed by its magical power. It is not an address of 19
minutes, but a reservoir of the ideology Bangabandhu had professed throughout his political
career and instilled in us a powerful national political emotion. We should assemble every March
7 at the Suhrawardy Uddyan to rejuvenate ourselves in the spirit of the Liberation War.

Research Question No. 3: What was the role of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in
the liberation war of Bangladesh?

In our research on Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, we wanted to know about his role on
the liberation war of Bangladesh. We conducted a survey among 20 people and we wanted to
know about Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s role in the liberation war. Was it possible without him?
Among the 20 people 85% people think that he played a massive role in the war and it was
impossible without him. And the rest 15% think that Bangabandhu did nothing for the liberation
war. He did all the things for his own political benefit.

15%

Impossible
Possible

85%

Then we asked another question for the remaining 85% who think that he has a role in liberation
war of Bangladesh. We asked them by which he played the role in the liberation war. Among
these remaining 17. 47% said that he played they key role of liberation war by his historical

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speech of 7th march. Other 40% thinks that Bangabandu played the massive role by winning the
election of 1970 and the remaining 13% thinks that the role of Bangabandhu’s in liberation war
was mainly based on the six point that was opposed in 1966.

14%

7th March speech

46% Anti Ayub khan and !970's

election win
6 point
40%

The Newsweek, in its April 5, 1971 issue sketches a similar emotive figure and an artistic
altruism of Sheikh Mujib by terming him a “poet of politics. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman had laid the foundation for the Liberation War. The revolt and the war began on the first
hour of March 26 with the Eighth Battalion pioneering the revolt under Major Ziaur Rahman in
the city of Chattogram. Major Zia also went on air from Kalurghat Radio station (near
Chattogram town) to declare independence in his own name but it was later reinforced by the
second declaration in the name of Bangabandhu.

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 Conclusion

At the conclusion of our research, we can say that it is confirmed that people of Bangladesh
consider Bangabandhu Sheikh Muujibur Rahman as the father of the nation. He is the greatest
bangali of all time. Although he was repeatedly imprisoned by the Pakistani authorities, Sheikh
Mujib's high profile stance against Islamabad made him immensely popular in his native Bengal.
The extent of that popularity was graphically seen in the general election 1970, when his Awami
League party won such huge support in the east that it was a position to form a government for
the whole of Pakistan. He kept highlighting his party’s demand for complete autonomy in East
Pakistan until the message went home: in the elections held on 7 December 1970, the Awami
League won 167 of the 169 National Assembly seats in the province and gained 305 out of 310
seats in the Provincial Assembly. On 7 March 1971 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman addressed a
mammoth public rally attended by almost two million people at the Ramna Racecourse ground
(later renamed Suhrawardy Udyan), Dhaka, where he gave his historic "Ebarer shongram amader
muktir shongram - ebarer shongram amader shadhinotar shongram" (The struggle now is the
struggle for our emancipation! The struggle now is the struggle for our independence) speech.
He advised the people to prepare themselves for a guerilla war against the enemy.

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 References
1. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. (2019, March 17). Retrieved from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Mujibur_Rahman

2. Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence. (2019, March 08). Retrieved from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proclamation_of_Bangladeshi_Independence

3. Wahid, S. (2007, August 15). 1970 elections and Sheikh Mujib's six points. Retrieved

from https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-205

4. (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki

/Pakistani_general_election,_1970.html

5. Billah, M. (2018, March 07). The voice that touched people's hearts. Retrieved

from https://www.thedailystar.net/opinion/perspective/the-voice-touched-

peoples-hearts-1544335

6. Independent, T. (n.d.). '7th March speech was a direction for liberation'.

Retrieved from

http://www.theindependentbd.com/arcprint/details/129412/2017-12-24

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 Appendix
Research topic: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Survey questions:
1. Why did Awami League win the 1970 election?
a. Because of the leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
b. Because Bangalis wanted independence
c. Because of the Six Points Demand of Awami League
d. Because of the split between the parties of W.Pakistan
2. Do you think the historical speech of 7th March makes us move in tune with
the spirit of the Liberation War?
a. Yes
b. No
3. Do you think the speech of 7th March indicated and encouraged people to
get ready for a war?
a. Yes
b. No
4. Do you think the liberation war could have been possible without Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman?
a. Possible
b. Impossible
5. By which Sheikh Mujibur Rahman created the biggest impact in liberation
war?
a. His 7th March’s speech
b. 1970’s election win
c. Six points demand of 1966

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