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  • It Is Used To Talk About Things That Are Always or Generally True As A Result of An Action or Situation

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    The document discusses different types of conditionals in English: 1. Zero conditional - uses present tenses to talk about things that are always or generally true. 2. First conditional - uses present/future tenses to talk about likely future events based on present actions. 3. Second conditional - uses past tense in if-clause and future-in-the-past in main clause to talk about unlikely or impossible future events. It can also be used to give advice. 4. Third conditional - uses past perfect tense in if-clause and past conditional in main clause to talk about regretful or critical past events that did not happen.

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    Theory

    Original Title

    Conditionals

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    The document discusses different types of conditionals in English: 1. Zero conditional - uses present tenses to talk about things that are always or generally true. 2. First conditional - uses present/future tenses to talk about likely future events based on present actions. 3. Second conditional - uses past tense in if-clause and future-in-the-past in main clause to talk about unlikely or impossible future events. It can also be used to give advice. 4. Third conditional - uses past perfect tense in if-clause and past conditional in main clause to talk about regretful or critical past events that did not happen.

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    24 views5 pages

    It Is Used To Talk About Things That Are Always or Generally True As A Result of An Action or Situation

    Uploaded by

    agapisandreea
    The document discusses different types of conditionals in English: 1. Zero conditional - uses present tenses to talk about things that are always or generally true. 2. First conditional - uses present/future tenses to talk about likely future events based on present actions. 3. Second conditional - uses past tense in if-clause and future-in-the-past in main clause to talk about unlikely or impossible future events. It can also be used to give advice. 4. Third conditional - uses past perfect tense in if-clause and past conditional in main clause to talk about regretful or critical past events that did not happen.

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    of 5

    CONDITIONALS

    ZERO CONDITIONAL
     It is used to talk about things that are always or generally
    true as a result of an action or situation.
    ‘IF’ CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
    PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE

    Eg: If you put water in the freezer, 1/ it freezes. 2/


    You get purple 1/ if you mix blue and red. 2/

    FIRST CONDITIONAL
     It is used to talk about something that is likely to happen
    (possible) as a result of an action.
    ‘IF’ CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
    PRESENT SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE
     present continuous  future continuous
     present pf simple  be going to
     present pf continuous  modals
     imperative  imperative

    !!! We do not use FUTURE in ‘IF’ CLAUSE.


    Eg: If I have time, I’ll go to the party.
    If you promise to behave yourself, you can come.
    If you need anything, just ask.
    If you don’t work hard, you are going to fail.
    Eat less and you’ll lose weight.
     UNLESS = IF NOT
    Eg: Unless you exercise, you’ll be overweight.
     (JUST) IN CASE
    Eg: Tell me just in case you leave.
     PROVIDED / PROVIDING THAT
    Eg: Provided that you get there on time, you’ll get to eat with us.
     AS LONG AS
    Eg: As long as you learn, you will succeed.
     EVEN IF
    Eg: Even if you eat chocolate you’ll still be hungry.
     OR ELSE
    Eg: Do your homework or else you won’t succeed!
     OTHERWISE
    Eg: We were delayed at the airport otherwise we would have
    been there by ten.
     ASSUMING THAT
    Eg: Assuming that you wake up at 6 am, you’ll get to school on
    time.
     Suppose / supposing / imagine that
    Eg: Suppose that you lose your job, what will you do?

    SECOND CONDITIONAL
     It is used to talk about unlikely future events or situations;
    impossible events in the present.
    ‘IF’ CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
    PAST SIMPLE FUTURE IN THE PAST
     past continuous  could/might + verb-1st form
     could  would/could/might + be + verb-ing

    Eg: If I were rich, I would travel around the world.


    If I had more free time we could go out more often.
    If we had more money for lunch, we wouldn’t be eating
    biscuits.
    If you were stopping for lunch, I’d join you.
     It is used to give advice.
    Eg: If I were you, I wouldn’t go to sleep so late.
    THIRD CONDITIONAL
     To talk about events that were possible in the past, but
    didn’t happen. Or to express regret / criticism.
    ‘IF’ CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
    PAST PERFECT SIMPLE PAST CONDITIONAL
    (WOULD + HAVE + VERB –
    ED/D; 3RD FORM)
     past perfect continuous  could/might + have + verb-3rd
     could + have + verb form; -ed/-d
    (d/ed; 3rd form)

    Eg: If I had won the lottery, I would have travelled round the
    world.
    If we could have got a taxi, we would have visited you.
    If the police had arrived earlier, they might have caught the
    robbers.
    MIXED CONDITIONALS
    ‘IF’ CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
    C3: PAST PERFECT C2: PRESENT CONDITIONAL
    SIMPLE (WOULD + VERB – 1ST FORM)

    C2: PAST SIMPLE C3: PAST CONDITIONAL


    (WOULD + HAVE + VERB –
    ED/D; 3RD FORM)
    Eg: If you hadn’t broken my computer, I could use it now.
    If I had a car, I wouldn’t have asked you to give me a lift.

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