DOCUMENT ANALYSIS WORKSHEET: ANALYZE A PHOTOGRAPH

Quickly scan the photo. What particular features stick out or what did you notice
first?
In this poster I/we noticed a hundreds of people had died. They are carrying
loads of the soldiers with the piece of cloth tied in the stick of wood like bamboo.
As we can see, they look tired and hungry because of the long walk or march.
The color of this poster is black and white like an old picture.

Type of Photo (Check all that apply):

( ) Portrait ( ) Landscape ( ) Aerial/Satellite ( /) Action
( ) Architectural ( /) Event ( ) Family ( ) Panoramic
( ) Posed ( /) Candid ( /) Documentary ( ) Selfie
Other type (please specify):

Is there a caption/title?
None. But if we analyze the photograph, we can easily note that it was a glimpse
of the happening during World War II, particularly, the Death March.

Observe its Parts (List the people, objects and activities you see)
People Objects Activities
-The people are U.S -The objects are rifle, rifle - Death march in Bataan
prisoners of war. ammo, sack and branch to and Armies carrying their
carry the wounded wounded and sick fellow
prisoners U.S prisoners
Try to make sense of it

1. Who took the photo?

AP photo/U.S army took this photo during the Bataan Death March in April 1942.

2. Where is it from?
- The evidence came from time of World War II it is happening during the Bataan
war. It was store in the archive of the Philippines. The was took on the time
where march happening by someone who is a prisoner that time and the force on
Bataan, numbering some 76,000 Filipino and American troops, is the largest
army under American command ever to surrender. On the morning of April 9,
1942, following four months of intense battle and no hopes of reinforcements, the
American troops on the Bataan Peninsula of the Philippines surrendered to the
Japanese.
3. When is it from?
On April 7, with his army crippled by starvation and disease, Wainwright began
withdrawing as many troops as possible to the island fortress of Corregidor in
Manila Bay. However, two days later, 75,000 Allied troops were trapped by the
Japanese and forced to surrender. The next day, the Bataan Death March began.
Of those who survived to reach the Japanese prison camp near Cabanatuan, few
lived to celebrate U.S. General Douglas MacArthur’s liberation of Luzon in 1945.
In the Philippines, homage is paid to the victims of the Bataan Death March
every April on Bataan Day, a national holiday that sees large groups of Filipinos
solemnly re-walking parts of the death route.

4. What was happening at the time in history this photo was taken?
Japanese military leaders had severely underestimated the number of prisoners
that they were likely to capture and were therefore unprepared, logistically and
materially, for the tens of thousands taken into captivity. The surrendered Filipinos
and Americans soon were rounded up by the Japanese and forced to march
some 65 miles from Mariveles, on the southern end of the Bataan Peninsula, to
San Fernando. The men were divided into groups of approximately 100, and
the march typically took each group around five days to complete. The exact
figures are unknown, but it is believed that thousands of troops died because
of the brutality of their captors, who starved and beat the marchers, and
bayoneted those too weak to walk. Survivors were taken by rail from San
Fernando to prisoner-of-war camps, where thousands more died from disease,
mistreatment and starvation.

During the time Bataan Death March, the photo was taken it happen
when the Japanese forced 76,000 captured Allied soldiers (The Filipinos and
Americans) to march about 80 miles across the Bataan Peninsula. The march
took place in April of 1942 during World War II. During this the “Bataan Death
March,” the prisoners were forced to march 85 miles in six days, with only one
meal of rice during the entire journey. The journey of the soldiers march took
85 miles to get to prison camps. Thousands of Americans and Filipinos died in
this march. It is the battle in which General Douglas MacArthur surrendered to
the Japanese after fighting a 3-month of war.

5. Why was it taken? (List evidences from the photo or your knowledge about the
photographer that led you to your conclusion)
The photograph was taken to show what death march is. Also, it was taken to
reveal how cruel the Japanese soldiers were. The photograph also shows that
some prisoners are all ready dead and other prisoners are full of sorrow because
of sleepless nights, tiredness and starving to death. In addition, this photograph
will serve as a primary source of history.

Use it as Historical Evidence

1. What did you find out from the document that you might not learn anywhere
else?
This photograph is a burial detail of American and Filipino prisoners of War using
improvised litters to carry their fallen comrades at Camp O'Donnell Capas Tarlac, as
they begin the Bataan Death March in April 1942 after U.S. surrender of Bataan
Peninsula on the main Philippine island of Luzon to the Japanese during World War II
(1939 - 1945). The approximately 75,000 Filipino and American troops in Bataan were
forced to make an arduous 65 - 85 mile March in 6 days with only one meal of rice
during the entire Journey. The marchers had made the trek intense heat and were
subjected to harsh treatment, which is believed that the thousands of troops died
because of the brutality of their captors, who starved and beat the marchers and
bayoneted those too weak to walk, by the Japanese guards. Thousands had perished in
what became known as the Bataan death march.

2. What other documents or historical evidence are you going to use to help you
understand the event or topic?
In this picture it reminds of the infamous expedition known as the Bataan Death
March, most of the soldiers suffer by preparing a long march which is 85 miles in 6 days
and leads to a lot of soldiers die. To understand the picture easily the Bataan Death
March, has no hopes and purely suffering. Like in the World War II, those soldiers and
people suffered to fight for their goals and they pushes their lives into danger. Based on
the magazines and other journals Bataan death march was easily relate to blood and
sweat.