Course Title: History of Bangladesh

Course code: Eng 311

Semester: Summer 2020
Program: BA (Hon’s) in English

Presentation On
The Mughal Period

Submitted to: Submitted By:

Lailatuz-Johora Shorme Sumaiya Rahman

Lecturer, Department of English ID: 173464530

City University Batch: 46th

English Department

City University

Submission Date: 11.12.2020

The Mughal Empire self-designated as Gurkani, was an early-modern empire that controlled
much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Mughal rule was established in Bengal
after the defeat of the Karrani Afghan Sultan Daud Khan in the battle of Rajmahal, 12 July 1576
at the hands of Khan Jahan. The Mughal dynasty was notable for its more than two centuries of
effective rule over much of India; for the ability of its rulers, who through seven generations
maintained a record of unusual talent; and for its administrative organization. A further
distinction was the attempt of the Mughals, who were Muslims, to integrate Hindus and Muslims
into a united Indian state. The Mughal dynasty was founded by Bābur, a dispossessed Timurid
prince who reestablished himself in Kabul. From his base in Kabul (Afghanistan) he was able to
secure control of the Punjab region, and in 1526 he routed the forces of the Delhi sultan Ibrāhīm
Lodī at the First Battle of Panipat. The following year he overwhelmed the Raj put confederacy
under Rana Sanga of Mewar, and in 1529 he defeated the Afghans of what are now eastern Uttar
Pradesh and Bihar states. At his death in 1530 Humāyūn the son of Babor, ruled from 1530 to
1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. Second Mughal ruler of India, who was more an adventurer
than a consolidator of his empire. Humāyūn inherited the hope rather than the fact of empire,
because the Afghans and Rajputs were merely restrained but not reconciled to Mughal
supremacy by the Mughal victories at Panipat. Humayun lost control of the empire to Afghan
rebels, but Humāyūn’s son Akbar defeated the Hindu usurper Hemu at the Second Battle of
Panipat and thereby reestablished his dynasty in Hindustan. The greatest of the Mughal emperors
and an extremely capable ruler, Akbar reestablished and consolidated the Mughal Empire. He
reigned from 1556 to 1605 and extended Mughal power over most of the Indian subcontinent.
The political, administrative, and military structures that he created to govern the empire were
the chief factor behind its continued survival for another century and a half. At Akbar’s death in
1605 the empire extended from Afghanistan to the Bay of Bengal. After Akbar’s death his son
Jahāngīr continued both his father’s administrative system and his tolerant policy toward
Hinduism and thus proved to be a fairly successful ruler. After Jahangir, his son Shah Jahān
continued Mughal empire. He had an insatiable passion for building, and under his rule the Taj
Mahal of Agra and the Jāmiʿ Masjid (Great Mosque) of Delhi, among other monuments, were
erected. His reign marked the cultural zenith of Mughal rule. After Shah Jahan, his son
Aurangzeb continued ruling. He was the last of the great Mughal emperors. Under him the
Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, although his policies helped lead to its dissolution.
But the Mughal Empire continues, since Babor to Bahādur Shah II. The Mughal period also
known for its cultural influence and its architectural achievements