HSC Pre-Model Test (E-9)

Subject: English 1st Paper/ Subject: Code: 107

Time: 1 hour / Marks: 35
Read the following text and answer the questions A and B.
Dreams have fascinated philosophers for thousands of years, but only recently have dreams been subjected
to empirical research and scientific study. Chances are that you’ve often found yourself puzzling over the content of
a dream, or perhaps you've wondered why you dream at all.
First, let’s start by answering a basic question: What is a dream? A dream can include any of the images, thoughts
and emotions that are experienced during sleep. Dreams can be extraordinarily vivid or very vague; filled with
joyful emotions or frightening images; focused and understandable or unclear and confusing.
Why do we dream? What purpose do dreams serve? While many theories have been proposed, no consensus has
emerged. Considering the time we spend in a dreaming state, the fact that researchers do not yet understand the
purpose of dreams may seem baffling. However, it is important to consider that science is still unraveling the exact
purpose and function of sleep itself. Some researchers suggest that dreams serve no real purpose, while others
believe that dreaming is essential to mental, emotional and physical well-being.
Next, let’s learn more about some of the most prominent dream theories.
Consistent with the psychoanalytic perspective, Sigmund Freud's theory of dreams suggests that dreams are a
representation of unconscious desires, thoughts and motivations. According to Freud, people are driven by
aggressive and sexual instincts that are repressed from conscious awareness. While these thoughts are not
consciously expressed, they find their way into our awareness via dreams. In his famous book The Interpretation of
Dreams, Freud wrote that dreams are Ô...disguised fulfillments of repressed wishes.’
1.A Choose the correct answer from the alternatives. 1x5=5
a) The meaning of the word `Vague’ in the passage means:
(i) turbid (ii) rough (ill) inexact (iv) unclear
b) The correct meaning of `Baffling’ in para 3 is-
(i) perplexing (ii) thwarting (iii) hindering (iv) diverting
c) According to Freud, people are driven by-
(i) compromising instincts (ii) antagonistic instincts (iii) fearful instincts (iv) defensive instincts
d) According to the passage, dream is not essential for one of the following aspects of life. Which is that?
(i) mental well being (ii) physical well being (iii) emotional well being (iv) anger management
e) Freud says that dreams are representation of-
(i) conscious desires (ii) happy memories (iii) sad memories (iv) unconscious desires
B Answer the following questions. 2x5=10
(a) What is the present situation of research on dreams.
(b) What purpose do dreams serve according to the researchers?
(c) Why do we often find ourselves puzzling over the contents of a dream?
(d) Explain the theory of dreams as gives by Sigmund Freud.
(e) ``Science is still unraveling the exact purpose and function of sleep itself.’’-Do you agree? Give reasons
for your answer.
2. Read the above text and make a flow chart showing the different functions of dreams. (1 has been
done for you). 25=10
1. Extraordinarily vivid  2  3  4  5  6
3. Summarize the above text. 10
1. Based on your reading of the passage, complete the table below with the given information.
Who/What Action/Description Whom/What Period/When/Time
Dreams fascinated (a) — for thousands of years
(b) — & — started taking place of the
Content of (c) — perplex us
A dream may consist of (d)
(e) — yet to emerge regarding dreams
The purpose of dreams not understood by (f) —
The failure of seems (g) — to know the
researchers purpose of dreams
The (h) — of dreams under unravelment by the scientists
(i) — essential for emotional, psychological
and physical well-being
Dreams are believed to have (j) — by some
researchers