The .

Net framework and the common

language runtime

The .NET framework has 2 components

1. The Common Language Runtime (CLR) aka Runtime

➢ This is the Central part of the .NET framework it executes .NET programs.
➢ It manages
o Memory,
o Thread execution,
o Code execution,
o Code safety and
o Verification, compilation.

➢ No interpreter: JIT complier produces native code -during the program of installation or
at run time.
➢ Each language that supports .NET must follow a common standard

2. .NET Framework Class Library (FCL)

➢ This the collection of classes, namespaces, interfaces and value types that are used for
.NET applications.
➢ This is a collection of reusable types that tightly integrate with the CLR

CLR and CLI are basic components of .NET Framework.

3. Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)

➢ Contains the data types of C# and objects
➢ FB user Object
 ➢ FB post
➢ FB login
Methods /Functions
➢ FB logout
➢ FB Comment
➢ CLI use various high-level programming languages on various machines without
rewriting the code.
➢ four components:
➢ Common type system (CTS)
➢ Common Language Specification (CLS)
➢ Metadata
➢ Virtual Execution System (VES)

Program Compilers in 4 steps

o The program is compiled into MSIL /IL /CIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) –
this defines instructions for the CLR. →
Code converted in to MSIL from other languages and sources can be woven
together by the CLR.
o The MSIL for an application component is add inside the executed file →
o The application executes another compiler aka JIT complier (Just-in time-
compiler) →
o CLR translate the MSIL in the executable file converts to Machine language.

.NET framework also provides high level of language interoperability.

Programs written in different languages are all complied into MSIL
MSIL allows the .NET framework to be language independent. because .NET programs are
not tied to a particular programming language.