1.

Gravitational Potential Energy

- Potential energy is the stored energy an object has because of its position or
state. A bicycle on top of a hill, a book held over your head, and a stretched
spring all have potential energy.
2. Momentum
- Momentum can be thought of as the "power" when a body is moving, meaning
how much force it can have on another body. For example, a bowling ball (large
mass) moving very slowly (low velocity) can have the same momentum as a
baseball (small mass) that is thrown fast (high velocity).
3. Elastic Collision
- When you throw a ball on the ground and it bounces back to your hand, there is
no net change in the kinetic energy and hence, it is an elastic collision.
4. Inelastic Collision
- Cars colliding on the road, a bat striking a baseball, a bullet embedding itself in a
torso -- these are all inelastic collisions.
5. Completely Inelastic Collision
- When a wet mudball is thrown against a wall mudball stick to the wall.
6. Impulse
- An impulsive force is something like crashing a car into a brick wall, hitting a nail
with a hammer or whacking a golf ball with a nine-iron. The amount of time for
which the force is applied is very short and consequently the accelerations are
insanely high - it becomes easier to think of things as impulses rather than as
time-extended forces.