Congenital heart diseases in children

Q1.When caring for a 3 year old with tetralogy of Fallot, he nurse expects to see fatigue and poor
activity tolerance. This is caused by:

1.Poor muscle tone

2.Inadequate oxygenation of tissues.
3.Restricted blood flow leaving the heart
4.Inadequate intake of food.

Q2 What congenital heart defect causes cyanosis in children?

1.Atrial septal defect

2.Coarctation of the aorta
3.Ventricular septal defect

4.Trasposition of the great vessels

Q3.The nurse explains to the parents of a 5 year old with a VSD that a cardiac cath has been
scheduled to:

1.Identify the specific location of the defect

2.Determine the degree of cardiomegaly present
3.Confirm the presence of a pansystolic murmur
4.Establish the presence of ventricular hypertrophy

Q4.The mother of a child with a congenital cardiac defect asks the nurse why her child squats after
exertion. The nurse should reply that this position:

1.Reduces muscle aches

2.Increases cardiac efficiency
3.Enhances the pull of gravity
4.Decreases blood volume in the extremities

Q5.Which nursing intervention best helps decrease anxiety for the parents of a child scheduled for
cardiac surgery?

1.Tell the parents not to worry, because the physician performs this procedure all the time.
2.Obtain an order for anti-anxiety medication for the parents, if requested.
3.Teach the parents and the child about the surgery 1 month before the procedure
4.Explain the steps that will occur before and after surgery. The parents need something tangible to focus
on.