DMCF 2232 – HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

(SIMULATION)

APPLICATION OF PRESSURE AND FLOW CONTROL IN HYDRAULIC

SYSTEM

INSTRUCTION:

1. GENERAL
a) Please write the lab report in your own word and computer typing.
b) Use Fluidsim software to design the schematic diagram.
c) Design and simulate the schematic diagram.
d) Answer the given question in your lab report.

2. REPORT FORMAT
a) Objective/s, equipment list, schematic diagram, explanation of schematic diagram,
result, conclusion, and references.
b) Use the provided front page

3. SUBMISSION
a) Submit through ULearn
b) Fluidsim file in zip folder – Individual
c) Report - Group

4. DUE DATE
a) A week after online lab session

5. REFERENCE
a) Lecture notes
b) Video provided by lecturer (If available)
c) Online session
OBJECTIVE

1. To learn how to use the basic hydraulic components and operate the basic hydraulic
system simulation.
2. To understand the applications of pressure relief valve, flow control valve and one-
way flow control valve.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this laboratory session, students should be able to:

1. Explain the fundamental concept of pressure relief valve, flow control valve and
one-way flow control valve.
2. Apply the pressure relief valve, flow control valve and one-way flow control valve
in a hydraulic circuit simulation.
3. Write a clear and well-presented laboratory report that describes the application
of pressure relief valve and flow control valve in hydraulic circuit.

THEORY

The purpose of a pressure relief valve is to protect a system from too much pressure. This
will occur if the actuator is overloaded or if the flow of fluid is blocked. For example,
when a cylinder reaches the end of its stroke, the pump will still try to pump oil but it has
nowhere to go. Similarly, if a closed centre valve is used, the pump becomes blocked off.
In such cases the pump or the system will become damaged.

Directional control valves control the direction of flow of the hydraulic fluid and, thus the
direction of motion and the positioning of the working components. Directional control
valves may be actuated manually, mechanically, electrically, pneumatically or
hydraulically. They convert and amplify signals (manual, electric or pneumatic) forming an
interface between the power control section and the signal control section.

Flow control valves interact with pressure valves to regulate the flow rate. They make it
possible to control or adjust the speed of motion of the power components. Where the flow
rate is constant, division of flow must take place. This is generally affected through the
interaction of the flow control valve with a pressure valve.

(a (a)
(a) (b) (c)

Figure 1 Pressure Relief Valve (a), Flow Control Valve (b), Directional Control Valve (c)

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SIMULATION 1: PRESSURE CONTROL FOR HYDRAULIC

PROCEDURE

1. Draw the schematic diagram as illustrated in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Application of pressure control valve

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2. Set the operation parameters as in Figure 3.

VARIABLE

Figure 3 Parameter setting

3. Run a simulation according to the Table 1 below.

4. Write down the result while the cylinder is extending and retracting.

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 Table 1 Result for pressure control valve experiment

Pressure system, ps (bar) Pressure, p (bar) Flowrate, Q (lit/min) Velocity of cylinder (m/s)

PRV SETTING
Extend Retract Extend Retract Extend Retract Extend Retract
(BAR)

p2 p2 p3 p4 p3 p4 Q1 Q2 V1 V2

60

90

120

150

180
SIMULATION 2: FLOW CONTROL FOR CYLINDER

PROCEDURE

1. Draw the schematic diagram as illustrated in Figure 4.

Figure 4 Application of flow control valve

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2. Set the operation parameters as in Figure 5.

VARIABLE

Figure 5 Parameters setting

3. Run the simulation according to the Table 2 below.

4. Write down the result in the given table.

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 Table 2 Result for flow control valve experiment (Cylinder)
Velocity (m/s)
FCV
Mass 0 kg Mass 500 kg Mass 1000 kg
opening
Retract Extend Retract Extend Retract Extend

25%

50%

75%

100%

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SIMULATION 3: ONE WAY FLOW CONTROL VALVE FOR HYDRAULIC MOTOR

PROCEDURE

1. Draw the schematic diagram as illustrated in Figure 6.

Figure 6 Application of one-way FCV

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5. Set the operation parameters as in Figure 7.

VARIABLE

Figure 7 Parameters setting

6. Run the simulation according to the Table 2 below.

7. Write down the result in the given table.

Table 3 Flow control valve experiment (Hydraulic motor)

RPM
FCV
Load 0 Nm Load -2 Nm Load -4 Nm
opening
Clock Anti Clock Clock Anti
Anti clock
wise clock wise wise clock
25%

50%

75%

100%

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 QUESTION FOR LAB REPORT

Simulation 1

Discussion:
Discuss the relationship of FCV setting and the speed of the hydraulic cylinder for extend
and retract operation.

Questions:
At the same system pressure, why does the retraction is much faster than the extension?
Explain in detail.

Conclusion:
State any significant conclusion and suggest any meaningful improvement with regard to
the experiment, if any.

Simulation 2

Discussion:
Discuss the relationship of FCV setting, mass applied and the speed of the hydraulic
cylinder for extend and retract operation.

Questions:
Does the mounting angle affect the velocity of extension and retracting? Elaborate in
detail.

Conclusion:
State any significant conclusion and suggest any meaningful improvement with regard to
the experiment, if any.

Simulation 3

Discussion:
Discuss the relationship of FCV setting, load and the RPM in clockwise and counter
clockwise operation.

Questions:
1. What means by metering in and metering out?
2. In what condition the metering in and metering out should be used?

Conclusion:
State any significant conclusion and suggest any meaningful improvement with regard to
the experiment, if any.