3 Trigonometric Functions: Solutions

Chapter 3
Trigonometric Functions
Solutions
SECTION - A
School / Board Exam. Type Questions
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. A circular wire of radius 3 cm is cut and bent so as to lie along the circumference of a hoop whose radius is 48 cm.
Find the angle, in degrees, which is subtended at the centre of the hoop.
Sol. Given that the circular wire is of radius 3 cm, so when it is cut then its length = 2 × 3 = 6 cm. Again, it
is being placed along a circular hoop of radius 48 cm. Here, s i.e. the length of arc = 6 cm and r = 48 cm
is the Madius of the circular hoop. Therefore, the angle , in radian, subtended by the arc at the centre of
the circle is given by
Arc 6 
    22.5.
Radius 48 8
2. Find the value of cos2cos2 + sin2( – )– sin2( + ).

Sol. cos2cos2 + sin2( – )– sin2( + )
= cos2cos2 + sin( –  +  +) sin( –  –  – )
= cos2cos2 – sin2sin2
= cos(2 + 2)
= cos[2( + )]
3. Find the angle, in degrees, subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc whose length is 2.2 times the radius.
Sol. Let the radius be r and length be l.
 l = 2.2 r
now, l = r
l 2.2r
   2.2 radians
r r
⎛ 180 ⎞  ⎛ 180 ⎞
 = ⎜ 2.2 × = ⎜⎝ 2.2   7⎟
⎝  ⎟⎠ 22 ⎠
 = 126°.
Aakash Educational Services Pvt. Ltd. Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-75 Ph.011-47623456
46 Trigonometric Functions (School/Board Exams.) Solutions
4. A wheel makes 270 revolutions in 1 minute, through how many radians does it turn in 1 second?
Sol. Angle subtendend in 1 revolution = 2
 Amount of rotation in 270 revolutions = 270 × 2
 Amount of rotation in minute = 270 × 2
270  2
 Amount of rotation in 1 sec = = 9
60
⎛ A⎞ ⎛ A⎞ 1
5. Prove that sin2 ⎜  ⎟  sin2 ⎜  ⎟  sin A.
⎝8 2 ⎠ ⎝8 2 ⎠ 2
⎛ A⎞ ⎛ A⎞
Sol. LHS = sin2 ⎜  ⎟  sin2 ⎜  ⎟
⎝8 2 ⎠ ⎝8 2 ⎠
⎛ A  A⎞ ⎛ A  A⎞
= sin ⎜    ⎟ sin ⎜    ⎟
⎝8 2 8 2 ⎠ ⎝8 2 8 2 ⎠
⎛⎞
= sin ⎜ ⎟ sin A
⎝4⎠
1
= sin A  RHS
2
Hence proved.
5
6. Find the value of cos 210  sin .
3
5
Sol. cos 210  sin
3
⎛ ⎞
= cos 180  30   sin ⎜ 2  ⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠
⎛ ⎞
=  cos30  ⎜  sin ⎟
⎝ 3⎠
 3 3
= 
2 2
=  3
2 3
7. Prove that sin75 cos15  .
4
Sol. LHS = sin 75 cos15
1

7
2
 2 sin75 cos15
1
= sin(75  15)  sin(75  15)
2
(School/Board Exams.) Solutions Trigonometric Functions 47
1
=  sin90  sin60 
2
1⎡ 3⎤
= 2 ⎢1  2 ⎥
⎢⎣ ⎦⎥
2 3
= = RHS
4
Hence proved.
8. Find the value of sin25° + sin210° + sin215° + ...+ sin290°.
Sol. This question is based on complementary function sin(90° –) = cos 
Also, sin2+ cos2= 1

sin 85° = sin(90° – 5°) = cos 5°
Similarly, on converting the other functions also, we get
(sin2 5  cos2 85)  (sin2 10  cos2 80)  ......  (sin2 45  sin2 90)
1
= 1 + 1 +..... 8 terms   1
2
= 9½
9. Find the angle between the minute hand of a clock and the hour hand when the time is 7.20 AM.
Sol. We know that the hour hand completes one rotation in 12 hours while the minute hand completes one rotation
in 60 minutes.
 Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hours = 360°.
22 ⎛ 360 22 ⎞  
Angle traced by hour hand in 7 hours and 20 minutes i.e., hours  ⎜   220 .
3 ⎝ 12 3 ⎟⎠
Also, angle traced by minute hand in 60 minutes = 360°.
⎛ 360 ⎞
 Angle traced by minute hand in 20 minutes = ⎜  20 ⎟ = 120°
⎝ 60 ⎠
 The required angle = 220° – 120° = 100°

10. If the arcs of same length in 2 circles subtend angles 65° and 110° at the centre, then find the ratio of their radii.
Sol. Let the length of the arc be ‘l’ and 65° angle be subtended at the centre of circle with radius r1, and 110° at
centre of circle with radius r2.
 l = r11 = r22
 65°r1 = 110°r2
r1 110 22

r2

65 13
 r1 : r2 = 22 : 13
Short Answer Type Questions :
11. Find the value of 3 cosec20  sec 20 .
3 1
Sol. We have, 3cosec20  sec
 20 
sin 20 cos 20
⎛ 3 1 ⎞
⎜ cos 20  sin 20 ⎟
3 cos 20  sin20
=  4⎜ 2 2 ⎟
sin20 cos 20 ⎝ 2sin20 cos 20 ⎠
⎛ sin60 cos 20  cos 60 sin20 ⎞

= 4⎜ ⎟ [sin2A = 2sinA cosA]
⎝ sin 40 ⎠
⎛ sin(60  20) ⎞
= 4⎜
sin 40 ⎟4 [sin(A – B) = sinAcosB – cosAsinB]
⎝ ⎠
3
12. If A = cos2 +sin4 for all values of , then prove that  A  1.
4
Sol. We have, A = cos2 + sin4 = cos2 + sin2sin2  cos2 + sin2

Therefore, A  1
Also, A = cos2 + sin4 = (1 – sin2) + sin4
2 2
⎛ 2 1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 2 1⎞ 3 3
= ⎜ sin   ⎟  ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎜ sin   ⎟  
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 2⎠ 4 4
3
Hence,  A  1.
4
13. Prove that sin4A = 4sinA cos3A – 4 cosA sin3A.

Sol. LHS = sin4A = 2sin2A cos2A
= 2 × 2sinAcosA (cos2A – sin2A)
= 4sinAcosA(cos2A – sin2A)
= 4sinAcos3A – 4sin3AcosA
= RHS
Hence proved.
14. If cot = sin2, ( = n, n is integer), then find the value of .
Sol. cot = sin2
cos 
  2 sin  cos 
sin 
 cos(1 – 2sin2) = 0
 cos.cos2 = 0
 cos = 0 and cos2 = 0
 cos = 0, cos2 = 0
 
  =  2n  1 , 2 =  2n  1
2 2

,  =  2n  1
4
15. If in ABC, the angles are in AP and b : c  3 : 2, then find the measure of A.
Sol. Given that A, B, C are in AP.
 2B = A + C
Also, A + B + C = 180°
 3B = 180°
B = 60°
b 3 sin B
Now, 
c 2 sin C
2 3 1
 sin C   
3 2 2
 C = 45°
A + 60° + 45° = 180°
 A = 75°
3
16. The difference between two acute angles of a right angled triangle is radians. Express the angles in degrees.
10
Sol. A + B + C = 180°
Let A = 90°
 B + C = 90°
 B+C=
2
B – C = 3
10
 3
2B = 2 + 10
8
2B 
10
2
B
5
 2
 C 
2 5

=
10
2 180
B  180 72 and C  18
5 10
3
17. Prove that cos2A + cos2(A + 120°) + cos2(A – 120°) =
2
Sol. LHS = cos2A+ cos2(A + 120°) + cos2(A – 120°)
= cos2A + cos2(A + 120°)+ 1 – sin2(A – 120°)
= 1 + cos2A + cos(A + 120° + A – 120°)x cos(A + 120° – A + 120°)
= 1 + cos2A+ cos2Acos240°
⎛ 1⎞
= 1  cos A  cos 2A ⎜  ⎟
2
⎝ 2⎠
1
= 1  cos A  (2cos A  1)
2 2
1
= 1
2
3
=  RHS
2
Hence proved.
18. Find the general solution of tanx + tan2x + tanx tan2x = 1.
Sol. The given equation is tanx + tan2x + tanx tan2x = 1
tanx + tan2x = 1 – tanx tan2x
tan x  tan 2 x
1
1  tan x tan 2 x
tan(x + 2x) = 1

tan3 x  tan
4

3 x  n 
4
n 
x   ,n  Z
3 12
19. Prove that (b2 – c2) cotA + (c2 – a2) cotB + (a2 – b2) cot C = 0.
Sol. LHS = (b2 – c2) cotA + (c2 – a2) cotB + (a2 – b2) cotC
cos A cos B cos C

= (b  c )
2 2
sin A

 c 2  a2 
sin B
 (a 2  b 2 )
sin C
(b 2  c 2 ) (b 2  c 2  a 2 ) c 2  a 2 a 2  c 2  b 2 a 2  b 2 a 2  b 2  c 2
= .  .  .
ka 2bc kb 2ac kc 2ab
1
= 0 0 RHS
2kabc
20. Find the maximum value of sinx1 + 2sinx 2 + 3sinx 3 + ....... + n sin xn, xi  R
Sol. We know that
sinx i  1,  i = 1, 2, 3, ........., n
n(n  1)
 sin x1  2 sin x 2  3 sin x 3  .........  n sin x n  1  2  3  ........  n 
2
n(n  1)
 max(sin x1  2 sin x 2  3 sin x 3  .....  n sin x n ) 
2
1 
21. If sinx + cosx = , x  , then find the value of tan x.
5 2
Sol. We have,
1
sin x  cos x 
5
Dividing by cosx, we get
 tan x  1  1 sec x
5
Squaring both sides, we get
sec 2 x 1  tan 2 x
1  tan 2 x  2 tan x  
25 25
 24tan2x + 50tanx + 24 = 0
 12tan 2 x + 25tanx + 12 = 0
 12tan2x + 16tanx + 9tanx + 12 = 0
 (4tanx + 3) (3tanx + 4) = 0
 tan x  3 or – 4
4 3
cos(  )
22. If 5tan tan = 3, then find the value of .
cos(  )
Sol. 5tan tan = 3
5 sin  sin 
 3
cos  cos 
cos  cos  5
 
sin  sin  3
Using componendo and dividendo, we get
cos  cos   sin  sin  5  3 8

  4
cos  cos   sin  sin  5  3 2
cos(  )
 4
cos(  )
cos(   ) 1
 
cos(   ) 4
23. In ABC if sinA : sinB : sinC = 1 : 2 : 2, then find the value of cosA.
Sol. Given sinA : sinB : sinC = 1 : 2 : 2
By using Sine rule, we have
a : b : c = sinA : sinB : sinC
Let a = k, b = 2k and c = 2k
b 2  c 2  a 2 4k 2  4k 2  k 2 7

 cos A  
2bc 2(2k )(2k ) 8
1  cos  ⎧cosec  cot  , 0    

24. Prove that ⎨
1  cos  ⎩cosec  cot  ,     2
1  cos  (1  cos )2

Sol. 
1  cos  1  cos2 
1  cos  1  cos 
= 
sin 
2 sin 
⎧1  cos 
,0    
1  cos  ⎪⎪ sin 
 ⎨
1  cos  ⎪1  cos 
,     2
⎪⎩  sin 
⎧cosec  cot ,0    

= ⎨ – cosec – cot ,     2
⎩
Hence proved.
25 Prove that cot4x(sin5x + sin3x) = cotx(sin5x – sin3x).
Sol. LHS = cot4x(sin5x + sin3x)
⎛ 5x  3x ⎞ ⎛ 5x  3x ⎞
= cot 4 x  2sin ⎜ ⎟ cos ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
cos 4 x
=  2 sin 4 x cos x
sin 4 x
= 2cos4x cosx
RHS = cotx(sin5x – sin3x)
⎛ 5x  3x ⎞ ⎛ 5x  3x ⎞
= cot x 2sin ⎜ ⎟ cos ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
cos x
=  2 sin x cos 4 x
sin x
= 2cos4x cosx
LHS = RHS
Hence proved.
Long Answer Type Questions :
 2 4 8
26. Find the value of cos cos cos cos .
5 5 5 5
 2 4 8
Sol. We have, cos cos cos cos
5 5 5 5
1   2 4 8
= 2 sin cos cos cos cos
 5 5 5 5 5
2 sin
5
1 2 2 4 8
= sin cos cos cos (sin2 = 2sincos)
 5 5 5 5
2 sin
5
1 4 4 8
= sin cos cos
 5 5 5
4 sin
5
1 8 8
= sin cos
 5 5
8 sin
5
16 sin ⎛ 3   ⎞
sin ⎜
= 5  ⎝ 5 ⎟⎠
 
16 sin 16 sin
5 5

 sin
= 5

16 sin
5
1
=
16
4 5 

27. If cos(   ) 
and sin(   ) , where  lie between 0 and , then find the value of tan2.
5 13 4
[Hint: Express tan2 as tan ( +  +  – )
4
Sol. cos(  ) 
5
3
 tan(  ) 
4
5
sin(  ) 
13
5
 tan(  ) 
12
Now, tan2 = tan[( + ) + ( – )]
tan       tan     
  
= 1  tan    tan   

3 5

4 12
= 3 5
1 
4 12
95
12
= 48  15
48
56
=
33
mn
28. If msin = nsin( + 2), then prove that tan( + ) cot   .
mn
Sol. m sin = nsin( + 2)
sin(  2 ) m
 
sin  n
Applying componendo and dividendo, we get
sin(  2 )  sin  m  n
 
sin(  2 )  sin  m  n
⎛   2   ⎞ ⎛   2   ⎞
2 sin ⎜ ⎟ cos ⎜ ⎟⎠ m  n
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2
 
⎛   2   ⎞ ⎛   2   ⎞ m  n
2cos ⎜ ⎟⎠ sin ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠
⎝ 2 2
sin(   )cos  m  n
 
cos(   )sin  m  n
sin(   )
 cos(   ) m  n

sin  mn
cos 
tan(   ) m  n
 
tan  mn
mn
 tan(   )cot  
mn
Hence proved.
 4 5 1
29. Prove that cos cos cos  .
7 7 7 8

Sol. Let,  
7
1
Now, we have to prove that cos  cos 4 cos5 
8
⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞
cos5  cos ⎜ ⎟  cos ⎜   ⎟   cos ⎜ ⎟   cos 2
⎝ 7⎠ ⎝ 7⎠ ⎝ 7⎠
 coscos4cos5 = – cos cos2 cos4
1
= 2 sin  cos  cos 2 cos 4
2 sin 
1
= sin 2 cos 2 cos 4
2 sin 
1
= sin 4 cos 4
4 sin 
1
= sin8
8 sin 
8
 sin
7
=

8 sin
7
⎛ ⎞
 sin ⎜   ⎟
⎝ 7 ⎠
=

8 sin
7
⎛ ⎞
 ⎜  sin ⎟
⎝ 7⎠
= 
8 sin
7
1
=  RHS
8
Hence proved.
sin( A  B )  cos(B  A) cos A  sin A

30. Prove that  .
sin(B  A)  cos(B  A) cos A  sin A
sin( A  B )  cos(B  A)
Sol.
sin(B  A)  cos(B  A)
⎛ ⎞
sin(B  A)  sin ⎜  (B  A) ⎟
⎝2 ⎠
=
⎛ ⎞
sin(B  A)  sin ⎜  (B  A) ⎟
⎝2 ⎠
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞
2 sin ⎜  A ⎟ cos ⎜  B ⎟
⎝4 ⎠ ⎝4 ⎠
=
⎛  ⎞ ⎛  ⎞
2 sin ⎜  A ⎟ cos ⎜  B ⎟
⎝4 ⎠ ⎝4 ⎠
⎛ ⎞
sin ⎜  A⎟
⎝4 ⎠ (cos A  sin A)
=  RHS
⎛ ⎞ (cos A  sin A)
sin ⎜  A⎟
⎝4 ⎠
Hence proved.
31. If sin + cos = m and sec + cosec = n, then prove that n(m + 1) (m – 1) = 2m.
Sol. sin + cos = m ...(i)
sec + cosec = n
1 1
  
n
cos  sin 
sin   cos 
n
sin  cos 
m
sin  cos   [From (i)]
n
Now, (m + 1) (m – 1) = (sin + cos + 1) (sin + cos – 1)
= (sin + cos)2 – 12
= sin2 + cos2 + 2sincos – 1
= 1 + 2sincos – 1
2m
=
n
2m
 (m  1)(m – 1) 
n
n(m + 1)(m – 1) = 2m
Hence proved.
cos A cos B cos C

32. If   and a = 2, then find the area of ABC.
a b c
cos A cos B cos C

Sol.  
a b c
cos A cos B cos C ⎡ a b c ⎤

      k⎥
⎢By sine rule sin
k sin A k sin B k sin C ⎣ A sin B sin C ⎦
 cot A = cot B = cot C
 A=B=C
 a=b=c
 ABC is an equilateral triangle.
3
 Required area   side2
4
3 2
 (2)
4
= 3 square units
a 2  b 2 sin( A  B )
33. If in ABC,  , then prove that ABC is either isosceles or a right–angled triangle.
a 2  b 2 sin( A  B )
a 2  b 2 sin( A  B )
Sol. 
a 2  b 2 sin( A  B )
sin2 A  sin2 B sin( A  B )

 
sin2 A  sin2 B sin( A  B )
sin( A  B )sin( A  B ) sin( A  B )

 
sin2 A  sin2 B sin( A  B )
⎡ sin  A  B  1 ⎤
 sin(A – B) ⎢ sin2 A  sin2 B – sin A  B ⎥ = 0
⎣  ⎦
sin( A  B ) 1
 Either sin(A – B) = 0 or 
sin A  sin B sin( A  B )
2 2
 A–B=0  sin2A + sin2B = sin2(A + B)

 A=B sin2A + sin2B = sin2(– (A + B))
sin2A + sin2B = sin2C
a2 + b2 = c2
 Hence proved
 ABC is a right angled triangle.
cos36  sin36
34. Prove that tan189 
cos36  sin36
Sol. LHS = tan189° = tan(180° + 9°) = tan9° [∵ tan(180° + ) = tan]
tan 45  tan36

= tan(45  36) 
1  tan 45 tan36
sin36
1
1  tan36 cos36 cos36  sin36 = RHS
=  
1  tan36 sin36 cos36  sin36
1
cos36
Hence proved.
35. Compare sin 1 and sin 1°, cos 1 and cos 1°, tan 1 and tan 1°.
Sol. We have,
180° =  c
Y y = tanx
Y
Y
y = sinx 

2 2
X X
O 1° 1c   X O 1° 1c y = cosx O 1° 1c
2
⎛ 180 ⎞
 1c  ⎜ ⎟  57.27
⎝  ⎠
From the graph of y = sinx, y = cosx and y = tan x it is clear that
sin 1 > sin1°, cos 1 < cos 1° and tan1 > tan 1°
36. In ABC, if the largest angle is A, then prove that
(i) If A is obtuse then a2 > b2 + c2
(ii) If A is a right angle, then a2 = b2 + c2
(iii) If A is acute, then a2 < b2 + c2
Sol. (i) Using Cosine rule
b2 + c 2  a2
cos A =
2bc
If A is obtuse, then cosA < 0
b2 + c2 – a2 < 0
a2 > b2 + c2
(ii) If A is right angle, then cosA = 0
 b2 + c2 = a2
(iii) If A is an acute angle, then cosA > 0
 b2 + c2 – a2 > 0
a2 < b2 + c2
⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞
37. Prove that sin   sin ⎜    sin ⎜   0
⎝ 3 ⎟⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎟⎠
⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ 4 ⎞
Sol. LHS = sin   sin ⎜   ⎟  sin ⎜  
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎟⎠
⎡ ⎛ 2 4 ⎞ ⎛ 2 4 ⎞ ⎤
⎢    
⎜
= sin   ⎢2 sin ⎜ 3 3 ⎟ ⎜
cos ⎜ 3 3 ⎟⎥
2 ⎟ 2 ⎟⎥
⎢ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟⎥
⎢⎣ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎥⎦

= sin   2 sin(   )cos
3
1
= sin   2(  sin  )
2
= sin – sin = 0 = RHS
Hence proved.
SECTION - B
Model Test Paper
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1. Convert the following degree/radian measure to radian/degree measure :
(a) –140°
2
(b) radians
9
Sol. (a) We know

180° = radian
 7
 
140   140 radian = radian
180 9
7 
 –140   radian
9
(b) We know
c = 180°
2 180 2
 
9  9
= 40°
2. The second hand of a watch is 3.6 cm long. How far does its tip move in 35 seconds? [Use  = 3.14]
Sol. Second hand takes one revolution in 60 seconds
 In 60 seconds, angle subtended at the centre = 2
2 7
In 35 seconds, angle subtended at centre =  35 =
60 6
 The distance travelled = l = r
7
= 3.6 
6
= 0.6 × 7 × 3.14
= 13.188 cm
4
3. If cos   and  lies in 2nd quadrant, then find sin and tan.
5
Sol. In second quadrant, sin is positive while tan is negative.
3
 sin  
5 3 5
3
tan   
4 4
7  7 
4. Evaluate : cos cos  sin sin
12 4 12 4
7  7 
Sol. cos  cos  sin sin
12 4 12 4
1⎡ ⎛ 7  ⎞ ⎛ 7  ⎞ ⎛ 7  ⎞ ⎛ 7  ⎞ ⎤
 cos ⎜  ⎟  cos ⎜  ⎟  cos ⎜  ⎟  cos ⎜ 
⎢
2⎣ ⎝ 12 4 ⎠ ⎝ 12 4 ⎠ ⎝ 12 4 ⎠ ⎝ 12 4 ⎟⎠ ⎥⎦
1⎡ ⎛ 4 ⎞ ⎤
 2cos ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
2 ⎢⎣ ⎝ 12 ⎠ ⎦
 1
 cos 
3 2
⎛ 19 ⎞
5. Find the value of cos ⎜ .
⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
⎛ 19 ⎞ 19 ⎛ ⎞ ⎛  ⎞
Sol. cos ⎜⎝   cos ⎜ 10
⎟ cos  ⎟ cos
⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ 0
2 ⎠ 2 ⎝ 2⎠ 2
1
6. Find the principal value of cos   .
2
1 
Sol. cos   cos
2 3
cosis positive in first and fourth quadrant
  5

  or 2

3 3 3
 5
 Principal solutions are and
3 3
Short Answer Type Questions :
1  cos B
7. If tan A  , then prove that tan2A = tanB.
sin B
Sol. LHS = tan2A
⎛ 1  cos B ⎞
2⎜ ⎟
2 tan A ⎝ sin B ⎠
= 
1  tan A
2
⎛ 1  cos B ⎞
2
1 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ sin B ⎠
2(1  cos B )
sin B
=
sin2 B  (1  cos B )2
sin2 B
2(1  cos B )sin B

=
sin2 B  1  cos2 B  2cos B

=
2cos B – 2cos2 B

=
2cos B(1  cos B )
sin B
=  tan B = RHS
cos B
Hence proved.
8. Find the general solution for cosecx = 1 + cotx.
Sol. cosecx = 1 + cotx
1 cos x
 1 , sinx  0
sin x sin x
1 = sinx + cosx
Squaring both sides, we get
1 = sin2x + cos2x + 2sinx cosx
2sinx cosx = 0
 sinx = 0 cosx = 0

 x = 2n 
x (2n  1) For x = 2n, sinx = 0
2
 
= n  Therefore, x = n 
2 2
5 1 
9. 
If tan A  , tan B , then prove that A  B .
6 11 4
tan A  tan B
Sol. tan( A  B ) 
1  tan A tan B
5 1

6 11
=
5 1
1 
6 11
55  6
66
=
66  5
66
61
= 1
61
tan(A + B) = tan45°

A  B 45
4
10. Evaluate sin130° cos110° + cos130° sin110°.

Sol. sin130°cos110° + cos130°sin110°
sin(130° + 110°)
sin(240°)
sin(180° + 60°)
= – sin60°
 3
=
2
⎛ ⎞
11. Find the general solution of the equation tan2 x 
 cot ⎜ x  ⎟ .
⎝ 6⎠
⎛ ⎞
Sol. tan2 x 
 cot ⎜ x  ⎟
⎝ 6⎠
⎛ ⎞

tan2 x cot ⎜  x – ⎟ [cot –  = – cot]
⎝ 6⎠
⎛ ⎛  ⎞ ⎞
tan
2 x tan ⎜  ⎜  x ⎟
⎝2 ⎝ 6 ⎟⎠ ⎠
⎛ ⎞

tan2 x tan ⎜  x  ⎟
⎝ 2 6 ⎠
⎛ 2 ⎞

tan2 x tan ⎜  x⎟
⎝ 3 ⎠
2
2x  n  x
3
2
 x  n 
3
⎛ K  1⎞

12. If tanA = K tanB, then prove that sin( A  B) ⎜ ⎟ sin( A  B ) .
⎝ K  1⎠
tan A
Sol. tanA = ktanB  k
tan B
sin A cos B
k
cos A sin B
Applying componendo and dividendo, we get
sin A cos B  cos A sin B k  1


sin A cos B  cos A sin B k  1
sin  A  B  k 1

sin  A  B  k 1
⎛ k  1⎞

sin( A  B) ⎜ ⎟ sin( A  B )
⎝ k  1⎠
Hence proved.
3 12
13. 
If sin  
and cos and  and  both lie in second quadrant, then find the value of tan( + ).
5 13
3
Sol. sin   , where  lies in 2nd quadrant
5
In 2nd quadrant, tan is negative
3 5
3
 tan  
4
4
12
cos   ,  lies in 2nd quadrant
13
5
 tan  
12
tan   tan  5 13
tan(  ) 
1  tan  tan 
3 5 12

4 12
=
⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ 5 ⎞
1 ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟
⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎝ 12 ⎠
9  5
= 12
48  15
48
14 48 56
=  
12 33 33
14. If the sides of a triangle are 3, 5 and 7, then prove that the triangle is an obtuse-angled triangle and hence
find the obtuse angle.
Sol. In ABC, let a = 3, b = 5, c = 7.
Since c is the longest side, thus C is the greatest angle.
a 2  b 2  c 2 32  52  72 15 1

Now, cos C    = cos120°
2ab 235 30 2
 C = 120°
Hence, the triangle is an obtuse – angled and the obtuse angle is 120°.
15. If 2sin2 = 3cos. where 0    2, then find the value of .
Sol. 2sin2 = 3cos
2(1 – cos2) = 3cos
2–2cos2 = 3cos
2cos2 + 3cos – 2 = 0
2cos2 + 4cos – cos – 2 = 0
2 cos (cos + 2) – (cos + 2) = 0
(2cos– 1) (cos + 2) = 0
 either 2cos – 1 = 0 or cos + 2 = 0
1
cos  
2
∵ cos   – 2
  = 60° or 300°
16. Prove that 4 2cos  (0°    45°).

2  2  2cos
Sol. LHS  2  2  2cos 4
= 2  2 1  cos 4 
= 2  2  2cos2 2
= 2  2cos 2
= 2(1  cos2)
= 2  2cos2 
= 2cos
= RHS
Hence proved.
sin5 4 2
17. Prove that  16 cos   12cos   1 .
sin 
sin5 sin(2  3)

Sol. LHS =
sin  sin 
sin2  cos3  cos 2  sin3

=
sin 
2sin   cos  [4cos3   3cos ]  [2cos2   1][3 sin   4 sin3 ]

=
sin 
= 8cos4   6cos2   (2cos2   1)(3  4(1  cos2 ))
= 8cos4   6cos2   (2cos2   1)( 1  4cos2 )
= 8cos4   6cos2   2cos2   8 cos8   1  4cos2 
= 16cos4   12cos8   1 proved.
18. Solve sin 2 x  sin 4 x  sin 6 x 

0.
Sol. sin 2 x  sin 4 x  sin 6 x 
0
sin 6 x  sin 2 x  sin 4 x 

0
2 sin 4 x  cos 2 x  sin 4 x 

0
sin 4 x[2cos 2 x  1] 0
sin 4 x  0 , 2 cos 2 x  1
1
cos 2 x 
2

sin 4 x  sin 0 cos 2 x  cos
3

4 x  n  0 2 x  2n 
3
n 
x x  n 
4 6
x 9x 5x
19. Prove that cos 2 x cos  cos3 x cos 
sin5 x sin .
2 2 2
Sol. LHS
x 9x
cos 2 x  cos  cos3 x  cos
2 2
1⎡ x 9x ⎤
 ⎢ 2cos 2 x  cos  2cos3 x  cos ⎥
2⎣ 2 2⎦
1⎡ 5x 3x ⎛ 15 x ⎞ 3x ⎤
 cos  cos  cos ⎜  cos ⎥
2 ⎢⎣ 2 2 ⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ 2 ⎦
1⎡ ⎛ 5x ⎞ 15 x ⎤
 cos ⎜ ⎟  cos
2 ⎢⎣ ⎝ 2⎠ 2 ⎥⎦
1 ⎛ 5x ⎞
  2 sin5 x  sin ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝ 2⎠
5x
 sin5 x  sin
2
Long Answer Type Questions :
5 x x
20. If 
sin x , x III quadrant, find the values of sin , cos and sin 2x.
13 2 2
5
Sol. If sin x  x  III quadrant
13
12 3
cos x  x
13 2
x 12  x 3
2cos2 1   .....II
2 13 2 2 4
x 1 x 1
2cos2  cos  
2 13 2 26
x 1 x 1 sin x  5
cos2  in II quadrant, cos  ,
2 26 2 26 2 26

sin 2 x 2 sin x  cos x
5 12
2  
13 13
120

169
3
x
2
2  x  3 
sin(B  C ) sin(C  A) sin( A  B )

21. Prove that   
0.
cos B cos C cos C cos A cos A cos B
sin(B  C ) sin(C  A) sin( A  B )

Sol.  
cos B cos C cos C cos A cos A cos B
sin B cos C  cos B sin C sin C cos A  cos C sin A sin A cos B  cos A sin B
=  
cos B cos C cos A cos C cos A cos B
sin B cosC cos B sinC sinC cos A cos C sin A sin A cos B cos A sin B
=     
cos B cosC cos B cosC cosC cos A cos C cos A cos A cos B cos A cos B
= tanB – tanC + tanC – tanA + tanA – tanB
= 0 = RHS
Hence proved.
1
22. Prove that sin sin(60° – ) sin(60° + ) = sin3.
4
Sol. LHS = sinsin(60° – ) sin(60° + )
= sin   sin60 cos  – cos60 sin   sin60 cos   cos60 sin 
⎡ 3 cos  sin  ⎤ ⎡ 3 cos  sin  ⎤

= sin  ⎢ 2
–
2 ⎦⎣
⎥⎢
2

2 ⎦
⎥
⎣
1
= sin  ⎡⎣3 cos2  – sin2  ⎤⎦
4
1
sin  ⎡⎣3 – 4 sin2  ⎤⎦
4
1
= ⎡3 sin  – 4 sin3  ⎤⎦
4⎣
1
= sin3 RHS
4
Hence, proved
23 Show that sin10º  sin 20º  sin 40º  sin50º  sin70º  sin80º .
Sol. LHS
sin10º  sin 20º  sin 40º  sin50º
 sin50º  sin10º  sin 40º  sin 20º
 2 sin30º  cos 20º 2 sin 30º  cos10º
cos 20º  cos10º
sin70º  sin80º proved.
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ 7 ⎞ 1
24. Prove that ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠  .
8 8 8 8 8
Sol. LHS
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ 7 ⎞
⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠
8 8 8 8
⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎛ ⎞

⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠
8 8 8 8
⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛ 2 3 ⎞

⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  cos ⎟
8 8⎠
 3
 sin2  sin2
8 8
1 ⎡⎛ ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⎞ ⎤
⎢ ⎜ 1  cos ⎟ ⎜ 1  cos ⎟ ⎥
4 ⎣⎝ 4⎠ ⎝ 4 ⎠⎦
1 ⎡⎛ 1 ⎞⎛ 1 ⎞⎤
 ⎢⎜ 1  ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1  ⎟⎥
4 ⎣⎝ 2 2⎠⎦
1 ⎡ 1⎤ 1
 1
4 ⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦
= proved.
8
25. Find the general solutions of the trigonometric equation tan x  tan 2 x  tan3 x tan x  tan 2 x  tan 3 x .
Sol. Given,
tan x  tan 2 x  tan 3 x tan x  tan 2 x  tan 3 x
tan x  tan2 x  tan3 x  tan x  tan 2 x  tan3 x

tan( x  2 x  3 x ) = =0
1  tan x  tan 2 x  tan2 x  tan3 x  tan3 x  tan x
tan 6 x  0
6 x  n  0
n
x
6
But n = 1, 3, 5, .....  not valid.
n  {2, 4, ..... }
sin7 x  sin9 x  sin5 x  sin3 x

26. Prove that   cot 6 x .
cos7 x  cos9 x  cos5 x  cos3 x
Sol. LHS
sin7 x  sin9 x  sin5 x  sin3 x

cos7 x  cos9 x  cos5 x  cos3 x
2sin8 x  cos x  2sin 4 x  cos x


2cos8 x  cos x  2  cos 4 x  cos x
sin8 x  sin 4 x

cos8 x  cos 4 x
2cos 6 x  sin2 x
 
2 sin 6 x  sin 2 x
  cot 6 x


3 Trigonometric Functions: Solutions

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

3 Trigonometric Functions: Solutions

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 3

2. Find the value of cos2cos2 + sin2( – )– sin2( + ).

Sol. LHS = sin 75 cos15

Also, sin2+ cos2= 1

Also, angle traced by minute hand in 60 minutes = 360°.

 The required angle = 220° – 120° = 100°

Short Answer Type Questions :

11. Find the value of 3 cosec20  sec 20 .

⎛ sin60 cos 20  cos 60 sin20 ⎞

Sol. We have, A = cos2 + sin4 = cos2 + sin2sin2  cos2 + sin2

13. Prove that sin4A = 4sinA cos3A – 4 cosA sin3A.

cos A cos B cos C

cos  cos   sin  sin  5  3 8

1  cos  ⎧cosec  cot  , 0    

1  cos  (1  cos )2

⎧cosec  cot ,0    

Now, tan2 = tan[( + ) + ( – )]

Applying componendo and dividendo, we get

 coscos4cos5 = – cos cos2 cos4

sin( A  B )  cos(B  A) cos A  sin A

cos A cos B cos C

cos A cos B cos C

cos A cos B cos C ⎡ a b c ⎤

sin2 A  sin2 B sin( A  B )

sin( A  B )sin( A  B ) sin( A  B )

 A–B=0  sin2A + sin2B = sin2(A + B)

tan 45  tan36

Sol. (a) We know

 The distance travelled = l = r

Sol. In second quadrant, sin is positive while tan is negative.

Short Answer Type Questions :

2(1  cos B )sin B

2(1  cos B )sin B

2(1  cos B )sin B

10. Evaluate sin130° cos110° + cos130° sin110°.

sin A cos B  cos A sin B k  1

16. Prove that 4 2cos  (0°    45°).

Sol. LHS  2  2  2cos 4

sin5 sin(2  3)

sin2  cos3  cos 2  sin3

2sin   cos  [4cos3   3cos ]  [2cos2   1][3 sin   4 sin3 ]

= 8cos4   6cos2   (2cos2   1)(3  4(1  cos2 ))

= 8cos4   6cos2   (2cos2   1)( 1  4cos2 )

= 8cos4   6cos2   2cos2   8 cos8   1  4cos2 

= 16cos4   12cos8   1 proved.

18. Solve sin 2 x  sin 4 x  sin 6 x 

sin 6 x  sin 2 x  sin 4 x 

2 sin 4 x  cos 2 x  sin 4 x 

Long Answer Type Questions :

sin(B  C ) sin(C  A) sin( A  B )

sin(B  C ) sin(C  A) sin( A  B )

= sin   sin60 cos  – cos60 sin   sin60 cos   cos60 sin 

⎡ 3 cos  sin  ⎤ ⎡ 3 cos  sin  ⎤

sin10º  sin 20º  sin 40º  sin50º

 sin50º  sin10º  sin 40º  sin 20º

 2 sin30º  cos 20º 2 sin 30º  cos10º

cos 20º  cos10º

sin70º  sin80º proved.

tan x  tan 2 x  tan 3 x tan x  tan 2 x  tan 3 x

tan x  tan2 x  tan3 x  tan x  tan 2 x  tan3 x

sin7 x  sin9 x  sin5 x  sin3 x

sin7 x  sin9 x  sin5 x  sin3 x